Agaricaceae Fr. (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from areas of Atlantic Forest in Pernambuco, Brazil 1

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Acta bot. bras. 22(1): 287-299. 2008

Agaricaceae Fr. (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from areas of

Atlantic Forest in Pernambuco, Brazil

1

Felipe Wartchow

2,4

, Jair Putzke

3

 and Maria Auxiliadora de Queiroz Cavalcanti

2

Received: July 20, 2006. Accepted: June 4, 2007

RESUMO – (Agaricaceae Fr. (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) em áreas de Mata Atlântica do Estado de Pernambuco, Brasil). O levantamento

de Agaricaceae em áreas de Mata Atlântica na região metropolitana de Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil, revelou a ocorrência de nove espécies:

Agaricus aff. parasilvaticus Heinem., A. purpurellus (F.H. Møller) F.H. Møller, A. rufoaurantiacus Heinem., Leucoagaricus sulphurellus

(Pegler) B.P. Akers, Leucocoprinus cretaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Locq., L. fragilissimus (Ravenel) Pat., Lepiota elaiophylla Vellinga & Huijser,

L. erythrosticta (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. e Micropsalliota brunneosperma (Singer) Pegler. Chave para identificação dessas espécies,

descrições, ilustrações e comentários são apresentadas. Micropsalliota brunneosperma constitui nova referência para o Brasil.

Palavras-chave: Agaricales, neotrópicos, Nordeste Brasileiro, taxonomia

ABSTRACT – (Agaricaceae Fr. (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from areas of Atlantic forest in Pernambuco State, Brazil). The survey of

Agaricaceae in areas of the Atlantic Forest in the metropolitan region of Recife, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, revealed the presence of nine

species: Agaricus aff. parasilvaticus Heinem., A. purpurellus (F.H. Møller) F.H. Møller, A. rufoaurantiacus Heinem., Leucoagaricus

sulphurellus (Pegler) B.P. Akers, Leucocoprinus cretaceus (Bull.: Fr.) Locq., L. fragilissimus (Ravenel) Pat., Lepiota elaiophylla Vellinga

& Huijser, L. erythrosticta (Berk. & Broome) Sacc. and Micropsalliota brunneosperma (Singer) Pegler. A key for identification of these

species, descriptions, drawings and remarks are provided. Micropsalliota brunneosperma is reported for the first time for Brazil.

Key words: Agaricales, Neotropics, Northeast Brazil, taxonomy

Introduction

Agaricaceae Fr. sensu Singer (1986) includes 25

genera, most of them distributed over several

continents and organized in four tribes: Leucocoprinae

Singer, Agariceae Pat., Lepiotae Fayod and

Cystodermatae Singer. According to Kirk et al. (2001),

this family comprises 51 genera and 918 species,

including several genera with gasteroid and secotioid

basidiomata. Although some authors have considered

species with light and those with dark spores to lie in

two distinct families (Smith 1973; Bon 1993), molecular

studies confirm the monophyly of this group, except

for Cystodermateae (Johnson & Vilgalys 1998; Vellinga

2004a).

Some changes in this family occurred after Singer

(1986): the revaluation of Rugosospora Heinem.

(Guzmán et al. 1989; Franco-Molano 1995); the

exclusion of the tribe Cystodermatae from Agaricaceae

(Johnson & Vilgalys 1998; Vellinga 2004a); the inclusion

of Coprinus comatus (O.F. Müll.: Fr.) Pers.,

C. sterquilinus (Fr.: Fr.) Fr. and C. spadiceisporus

Bogart in this family (Redhead et al. 2001); the

synonymization of Macrolepiota Singer section

Laevistipedes (Pázmány) Bon with Chlorophyllum

Massee (Vellinga 2002, 2003a; Vellinga & de Kok 2002;

Vellinga et al. 2003); the synonymization of

Volvolepiota Singer with Macrolepiota (Vellinga &

Yang 2003; Vellinga et al. 2003); the transfer of

Melanophyllum Velen. to the same clade as Lepiota

(Pers.) Gray (Vellinga 2003b); the inclusion of the

gasteroid genera of Lycoperdales and Tulostomatales

(Agerer 2002; Moncalvo et al. 2002; Vellinga 2004a);

the transfer of Cystoagaricus

Singer to

Psathyrellaceae (Singer) Redhead, Moncalvo &

Vilgalys (Vellinga 2004a); and the confirmation of the

1

Parte da Dissertação de Mestrado do primeiro Autor

2

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Micologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves, s.n., 50670-901

Recife, PE, Brazil

3

Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Departamento de Biologia, 96815-900 Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil

4

Corresponding author: [e-mail]

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Wartchow, Putzke & Cavalcanti: Agaricaceae Fr. (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from areas of Atlantic forest in...

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monophyly of Leucoagaricus (Locq.) ex Singer,

Leucocoprinus Pat. and Sericeomyces Heinem.,

which can be treated as a single genus (Vellinga 2004a).

The earliest records of Agaricaceae in Brazil were

published by Montagne (1856), who described several

species of Agaricus sensu lato, most of them now

synonymized in other genera of Agaricales not currently

included in Agaricaceae (Pegler 1990). During the

twentieth century and in the present one, several works

reported Agaricaceae from various Brazilian States:

Theissen (1912), Singer (1953), Rick (1961),

Raithelhuber (1987a; b; 1988), Franco-Molano (1995),

Pereira (1998; 2000), Spielmann & Putzke (1998),

Sobestiansky (2005) and Albuquerque et al. (2006)

from Rio Grande do Sul; Heim (1957) and Pereira (1998)

from Santa Catarina; Jezek (1973) from Rio de Janeiro;

Bononi et al. (1981a; b; 1984), Grandi et al. (1984),

Pegler (1997), Capelari & Gimenes (2004) and Capelari

et al. (2006) from São Paulo; Capelari & Maziero

(1988) from Rondônia; Singer (1973; 1989) and Singer

& Aguiar (1986) from Amazonas and Pará; Muchovej

et al. (1991) from Minas Gerais; Bononi (1992) from

Acre; Heinemann & de Meijer (1996) and de Meijer

(2001; 2006) from Paraná; Heinemann (1989; 1993)

from Mato Grosso, Paraná, Rio de Janeiro and São

Paulo. In Northeast Brazil, Kimbrough et al. (1994;

1995) reported Chlorophyllum molybdites (G. Mey.:

Fr.) Massee, Lepiota eyrthrosticta (Berk. & Broome)

Sacc. and L. teipeitensis Murrrill, and Maia et al.

(2002) referred Agaricus purpurellus (F.H. Møller)

F.H. Møller,

A. brunneostictus

Heinem.,

Leucoagaricus meleagris (J. Sowerby: Fr.) Singer [as

Leucocoprinus meleagris (J. Sowerby) Locq.] and

Micropsalliota roseovinacea

Pegler (as

“M. roseovinaceus”), all from Pernambuco.

This work presents species of Agaricus L.: Fr.,

Leucoagaricus, Leucocoprinus, Lepiota and

Micropsalliota Höhn., collected in areas of Atlantic

Forest of the metropolitan region of Recife,

Pernambuco, Brazil.

Material and methods

Basidiomata were collected at the “Parque

Estadual de Dois Irmãos” (7°55’43 S and 35°00’59”

W), with 388 ha in the Municipality of Recife and at

the “Reserva Ecológica da Mata do Sistema Gurjaú”

(8°14’21” S and 35°03’00” W), with 1077 ha in the

Municipality of Cabo de Santo Agostinho, both in

Pernambuco State, Brazil (Secretaria Estadual de

Ciência, Tecnologia e Meio Ambiente 2001) on July

and August 2003, February and May to August 2004.

Usual techniques for the study of agarics were used

(Singer 1986), and the colours of the basidiomata were

named using Maerz & Paul (1950). The “Q” values

represent the quotient of the length/width of the

basidiospores, and for each specimen at least 20 were

measured. For identification of species, Pegler (1972;

1977; 1983; 1986), Pegler & Rayner (1969), Heinemann

(1961; 1977; 1983; 1989; 1993), Candusso & Lanzoni

(1990) and Vellinga & Huijser (1997) were used.

The specimens studied were deposited at the

Herbarium URM (“Departamento de Micologia,

Universidade Federal de Pernambuco”) and Herbarium

HCB (“Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de

Santa Cruz do Sul”).

Results and discussion

Key to species of Agaricaceae known from areas of Atlantic Forest in Pernambuco State

1. Basidiospores pigmented ................................................................................................................................. 2

2. Basidiospores dark green; endosporium thickening at the apex; cheilocystidia elongate and

capitate ................................................................................................ 9. Micropsalliota brunneosperma

2. Basidiospores brown; endosporium not thickening at the apex; cheilocystidia clavate to piriform ........... 3

3. Universal veil well developed and persistent on the pileus and stipe; pileus with orange-

brown squamules on its surface ............................................................. 3. Agaricus rufoaurantiacus

3. Universal veil not well developed on the pileus and stipe surfaces; pileus surface with

purplish or light brown squamules ......................................................................................................... 4

4. Pileus with numerous, light brown squamules; stipe base without any evidence of colour

change to yellow on handling ......................................................... 1. Agaricus aff. parasilvaticus

4. Pileus with purplish brown squamules; stipe base changing to yellow on handling

.................................................................................................................... 2. Agaricus purpurellus

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