CHAPTER 18: REPTILES VOCABULARY
____amnion____
|
____neurotoxic venom____
|
____Jacobson’s organs____
|
____chorion____
|
____hemorrhagin venom____
|
____forked tongue____
|
____anapsids____
|
____sauropterygians____
|
____pit organs____
|
____diapsids____
|
____lepidosaurs____
|
____plastron____
|
____synapsids____
|
____allantois____
|
____carapace____
|
____kinetic skull____
|
____ectothermic____
|
|
Order Testudines or Chelonia (tortoise)-300 species with a body in a bony case of dorsal carapace and ventral plastron; jaws with keratinized beaks instead of teeth; vertebrae and ribs fused to overlying carapace. Ex:turtles.
Order Squamata (scaly)-skin of keratinized epidermal scales or plates, which are shed; quadrate movable; skull kinetic, paired copulatory organs. Ex: snakes, lizards and amphisbaenians.
Suborder Lacertilia or Sauria (lizard) -4600 species with slender body, usually with four limbs; eyelids movable; external ear. Ex: lizards.
Suborder Amphisbaenia (double walk)-160 species with elongated body no legs; skull bones interlocked for burrowing; limb girdles; eyes hidden behind skin; only one lung. Ex: worm lizards.
Suborder Serpents (to creep)-2900 species with body elongate; limbs, ear openings and middle ear absent; eyelids fused into transparent spectacle; tongue forked and protrusible; left lung reduced or absent. Ex: snakes.
Order Sphenodonta (wedge tooth)-2 species of primitive diapsid skull; vertebrae biconcave; median eye present. Ex: tuataras.
Order Crocodilia (crocodile)-23 species with skull elongate and massive; nares terminal; secondary palate present; four-chambered heart; forelimbs usually of five digits; hindlimbs with four digits. Ex: crocodiles & alligators.
CHAPTER 18: REPTILES VOCABULARY
____amnion____
|
____neurotoxic venom____
|
____Jacobson’s organs____
|
____chorion____
|
____hemorrhagin venom____
|
____forked tongue____
|
____anapsids____
|
____sauropterygians____
|
____pit organs____
|
____diapsids____
|
____lepidosaurs____
|
____plastron____
|
____synapsids____
|
____allantois____
|
____carapace____
|
____kinetic skull____
|
____ectothermic____
|
|
Order Testudines or Chelonia (tortoise)-300 species with a body in a bony case of dorsal carapace and ventral plastron; jaws with keratinized beaks instead of teeth; vertebrae and ribs fused to overlying carapace. Ex:turtles.
Order Squamata (scaly)-skin of keratinized epidermal scales or plates, which are shed; quadrate movable; skull kinetic, paired copulatory organs. Ex: snakes, lizards and amphisbaenians.
Suborder Lacertilia or Sauria (lizard) -4600 species with slender body, usually with four limbs; eyelids movable; external ear. Ex: lizards.
Suborder Amphisbaenia (double walk)-160 species with elongated body no legs; skull bones interlocked for burrowing; limb girdles; eyes hidden behind skin; only one lung. Ex: worm lizards.
Suborder Serpents (to creep)-2900 species with body elongate; limbs, ear openings and middle ear absent; eyelids fused into transparent spectacle; tongue forked and protrusible; left lung reduced or absent. Ex: snakes.
Order Sphenodonta (wedge tooth)-2 species of primitive diapsid skull; vertebrae biconcave; median eye present. Ex: tuataras.
Order Crocodilia (crocodile)-23 species with skull elongate and massive; nares terminal; secondary palate present; four-chambered heart; forelimbs usually of five digits; hindlimbs with four digits. Ex: crocodiles & alligators.
amnion-the innermost of the extraembryonic membranes forming a fluid-filled sac around the embryo in amniotes.
chorion-the outer of the double membrane that surrounds the embryo of reptiles, birds and mammals; in mammals it contributes to the placenta.
anapsids-amniotes characterized by a skull having no temporal opening behind the orbits (eye sockets) includes the turtles.
diapsids-amniotes in which the skull bears two pairs of temporal openings; includes reptiles (except turtles) and birds.
lepidosaurs-a lineage of diapsid reptiles that appeared in the Permian and includes the modern snakes, lizards, amphisbaenids and tuataras and the extinct ichthyosaurs.
plastron-ventral body shield of turtles.
carapace-dorsal shell in turtles.
sauropterygians-Mesozoic marine reptiles.
synapsids-an amniote lineage comprising the mammals and the ancestral mammal-like reptiles and pelycosaurs, having a skull with a single pair of temporal openings.
Jacobson’s organs-organs in the roof of the mouth of snakes which are lined with an olfactory epithelium.
forked tongue-of snakes, picks up scent molecules and transmits the information across the Jacobson’s organs to the brain.
pit organs-special heat sensitive organs on pit vipers’ heads located between their nostrils and eyes.
neurotoxic venom-acts mainly on the nervous systems, affecting the optic nerves (causing blindness) or the phrenic nerve of the diaphragm (causing paralysis of respiration).
hemorrhagin venom-destroys red blood cells and blood vessels and produces extensive hemorrhaging of blood into tissue spaces.
Order Testudines or Chelonia (tortoise)-300 species with a body in a bony case of dorsal carapace and ventral plastron; jaws with keratinized beaks instead of teeth; vertebrae and ribs fused to overlying carapace. Ex:turtles.
Order Squamata (scaly)-skin of keratinized epidermal scales or plates, which are shed; quadrate movable; skull kinetic, paired copulatory organs. Ex: snakes, lizards and amphisbaenians.
Suborder Lacertilia or Sauria (lizard) -4600 species with slender body, usually with four limbs; eyelids movable; external ear. Ex: lizards.
Suborder Amphisbaenia (double walk)-160 species with elongated body no legs; skull bones interlocked for burrowing; limb girdles; eyes hidden behind skin; only one lung. Ex: worm lizards.
Suborder Serpents (to creep)-2900 species with body elongate; limbs, ear openings and middle ear absent; eyelids fused into transparent spectacle; tongue forked and protrusible; left lung reduced or absent. Ex: snakes.
Order Sphenodonta (wedge tooth)-2 species of primitive diapsid skull; vertebrae biconcave; median eye present. Ex: tuataras.
Order Crocodilia (crocodile)-23 species with skull elongate and massive; nares terminal; secondary palate present; four-chambered heart; forelimbs usually of five digits; hindlimbs with four digits. Ex: crocodiles & alligators.
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