Avicenna A. K. A ibn Sina Peak Presented by

Avicenna A.K.A Ibn Sina Peak

• Presented by

• Yandiry Saldana

The Father of Modern Medicine

• Title:

• Sharaf al-Mulk, Hujjat al-Haq, Sheikh al-Rayees

• Birth: approximately 980 CE / 370 AH

• Death: 1037 CE / 428 AH

• Ethnicity: Persian

• Region: Central Asia and Persia

• Born: In Persia Bukhara Province

The Man of the Hour

• Avicenna (Greek Aβιτζιανός), was a Persian polymath and the foremost physician and philosopher of his time. He was also an astronomer, chemist, geologist, logician, paleontologist, mathematician, physicist, poet, psychologist, scientist, soldier, statesman, and teacher.

Main Interests

• Islamic medicine

• Alchemy

• chemistry in Islam

• Islamic astronomy

• Islamic ethics

• early Islamic philosophy

• Islamic studies

• logic in Islamic philosophy geography

• mathematics

• Islamic psychological thought

• physics

• Persian poetry

• science

• Kalam

• Paleontologist

His Own School Avicennism

• School tradition:

• Is a school of early

• Islamic philosophy which began during the middle of the Islamic Golden Age.

• Founded by Avicenna (Ibn Sina)

• Attempted to redefine the course of Islamic philosophy and channel it into new directions.

Cont. of his Avicennism School

• The key to this philosophy is conceptualization of the world as contingent in itself but necessary with references to its causes, leading back to ultimately to the First Cause. The main innovations in this philosophy are the definite distinction of essence from existence and its relation to the cosmological proof he devised, the ontological argument for the existence of God from the metaphysics of contingency and necessity, his idea about knowledge and "individuality of the dissimbodied soul" and his "Floating Man" thought experiment.

• Avicennism eventually became the leading school of Islamic philosophy by the 12th century and had become a central authority on philosophy by then.

Success

• Ibn Sīnā wrote almost 450 treatises on a wide range of subjects, of which around 240 have survived. In particular, 150 of his surviving treatises concentrate on philosophy and 40 of them concentrate on medicine

Cont. of Success

• His most famous works are The Book of Healing, a vast philosophical and scientific encyclopaedia, and The Canon of Medicine.

• His books, which is a standard medical text at many Islamic and European universities. The Canon of Medicine was used as a text-book in the universities of Montpellier and Louvain as late as 1650

A Few of his Discoveries Medicine and Pharmacology

• The introduction of:

• infectious diseases

• quarantine to limit the spread of contagious diseases,

• experimental medicine

• evidence-based medicine

• clinical trials

• randomized controlled trials

• clinical pharmacology

• neuropsychiatry

• risk factor analysis,

• dietetics

• tuberculosis

• diabetes

• heart as a valve

• And the influence of climate and environment on health.

• momentum

• aromatherapy

• steam distillation

• extraction of essential oils

• uniformitarianism and law of superposition in geology

• modern clinical trials

Cont. Discoveries

• The Canon of Medicine, 14-volume which was a standard medical text in Europe and the Islamic world up until the 18th century

• A Latin copy of the Canon of Medicine, dated 1484, located at the P.I. Nixon Medical Historical Library of The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

• dated 1593

Psychophysiology and Psychosomatic medicine

• Recognized 'physiological psychology' in the treatment of illnesses involving emotions, and developed a system for associating changes in the pulse rate with inner feelings

• Avicenna is reported to have treated a very ill patient by "feeling the patient's pulse and reciting aloud to him the names of provinces, districts, towns, streets, and people." He noticed how the patient's pulse increased when certain names were mentioned, from which Avicenna deduced that the patient was in love with a girl whose home Avicenna was "able to locate by the digital examination." Avicenna advised the patient to marry the girl he is in love with, and the patient soon recovered from his illness after his marriage.

Early Life

• Ibn Sina's was born with an extraordinary intelligence and memory, which allowed him to overtake his teachers at the age of fourteen.

• As he said in his autobiography there wasn't anything which he hadn't learned when he reached eighteen.

• By the age of 10 he had memorized the Qur'an and a great deal of Persian poetry as well.

Cont. Early Life

• Ibn Sina's when a teenager, he was greatly troubled by the Metaphysics of Aristotle, which he could not understand until he read al-Farabi's

• He turned to medicine at age16 and attended of the sick

• He discovered new methods of treatment.

• At age 18 he was full status as a qualified physician

• "Medicine is no hard and thorny science, like mathematics and metaphysics, so I soon made great progress; I became an excellent doctor and began to treat patients, using approved remedies."

• The youthful physician's fame spread quickly, and he treated many patients without asking for payment.

Reward

• An Emir rewarded him for his services.

• To the access of the royal library of the Samanids, well-known patrons of scholarship and scholars.

• When the library was destroyed by fire not long after, the enemies of Ibn Sina accused him of burning it

Engineering

• Encyclopedia Mi'yar al-'aql (The Measure of the Mind)

• Science of ingenious devices:

• simple machines

• lever

• pulley

• screw

• wedge,

• windlass

Lever

• Levers can be used to exert a large force over a small distance at one end by exerting only a small force over a greater distance at the other.

Pulley

• A rope, cable or belt usually runs inside the groove. Pulleys are used to change the direction of an applied force, transmit rotational motion, or realize a mechanical advantage in either a linear or rotational system of motion.

Screw

• Its main uses are as a threaded fastener used to hold objects together, and as a simple machine used to translate torque into linear force.

Wedge

• It can be used to separate two objects, or portions of objects, lift an object, or hold an object in place.

Windlasses

• Used on boats to raise anchor as an alternative to a vertical capstan. See anchor windlass.

Later life

• The remaining ten or twelve years of Ibn Sīnā's life were spent in the service of Abu Ja'far 'Ala Addaula, whom he accompanied as physician and general literary and scientific adviser, even in his numerous campaigns.

• Literary matters and philology

• "I prefer a short life with width to a narrow one with length".

Death

• He died in June 1037, in his fifty-eighth year, and was buried in Hamedan, Iran

Poetry Originally written by Ibn Sīnā

• از قعر گل سیاه تا اوج زحل, Up from Earth's Centre through the Seventh Gate

• کردم همه مشکلات گیتی را حل, I rose, and on the Throne of Saturn sate,

• بیرون جستم زقید هر مکر و حیل, And many Knots unravel'd by the Road;

• هر بند گشاده شد مگر بند اجل. But not the Master-Knot of Human Fate.

• When some of his opponents blame him for blasphemy, he says

• کفر چو منی گزاف و آسان نبود

• The blasphemy of somebody like me is not easy and exorbitant

• محکمتر از ایمان من ایمان نبود

• There isn't any stronger faith than my faith

• در دهر چو من یکی و آن هم کافر

• If there is just one person like me in the world and that one is impious

• پس در همه دهر یک مسلمان نبود

• So there are no Muslims in the whole world.

The End

• The End

References

• Edward  G. Browne (1921) Arabian Medicine, London, Cambridge University Press.

• Ynez Viole O'Neill (1973) in Mcgraw-Hill Encyclopaedia of World Biography vol I: Aalto to Bizet.

• http://www.answers.com/topic/avicenna

• http://www.ummah.net/history/scholars/ibn_sina/

Aorta

• The aorta is the main trunk of a series of vessels which convey the oxygenated blood to the tissues of the body for their nutrition.

• The aorta leaves the heart and travels toward the head.

• The arteries that take the blood to the head are located on something called the aortic arch.

The Aorta

• Ascending aorta-is about 5 cm. in length. It commences at the upper part of the base of the left ventricle.

• Descending aorta-goes behind the heart and down the center of the body.

Thoracic Aortic Injury (Trauma)

• Aortic trauma is most common in motor vehicle and

• motorcycle accidents of significant severity. Motor vehicle

• accidents in which aortic injury should be suspected include

• those in which:

• Rollover of the vehicle occurs

• A fatality is involved

• A person is ejected from the vehicle

• The vehicle sustains a dent of more than 12 inches

• A prolonged period of time was required to extricate the victim from the vehicle

• The jaws of life are used

• A pedestrian is struck by a car going more than 20 miles per hour

Diagnose of the Aorta

• This patient will require emergent diagnosis and scanning, usually done by spiral CT with contrast. If a positive diagnosis is made, the patient will require surgical resection of 2 to 3 inches of the aorta and replacement with a Dacron graft.

The Arm

• Brachial artery-the principal artery of the upper arm that is the continuation of the axillary artery.

• Radial artery- (Also known as radialis) starts in the mid forearm, the radial artery lies beneath the brachioradialis that receives arterial branches just below the elbow.

The Leg

• Femoral Artery -is a large artery of the thigh. It is a continuation of the external iliac artery, which comes from the abdominal aorta.

• Femoral vein -is a blood vessel that accompanies the femoral artery in the femoral sheath. It begins at the adductor canal and is a continuation of the popliteal vein.

Doctors Office

• Evaluating Your Heart To evaluate your heart, your doctor examines you, asks you questions, and may do some tests. Along with looking for signs of congestive heart failure, the doctor looks for any underlying condition that may have caused your heart to weaken. The doctor uses the results of the evaluation to help develop a program to treat your heart. And this are one the procedures.

• Remember, the doctor is your friend not the enemy.

Life Adjustments for a Healthy Heart

• Reducing your weight by just 10 pounds may be enough to lower your blood pressure and cholesterol

• This are some ways that will influence a healthy way of living.

• Brisk walks with dogs

• Playing an active sport

• Going for a swim

• Shopping

• Gardening

• Sexual intercourse

• Dancing

• Eating healthy essentials - NO SATURATED FATS!

Conclusion

• The body system works together to make the heart function properly. If any vein or artery gets plaque or punctured you need to get immediate attention. Treat your body as if it was a fragile convertible Ferrari that needs maintenance every three months. You wouldn’t let your precious car of five hundred thousand dollars die on you, would you?

Works Cited

• http://www.globalclassroom.org/hemo.html

• http://www.mercksource.com/pp/us/cns/cns_search_results.jsp

• http://www.cedars-sinai.edu/6203.html

• http://www.bartleby.com/107/168.html

• http://wikipidia.com/