Review of prior knowledge: Review of prior knowledge:
Properties Properties State (solid, liquid, gas) Composition
Intensive Intensive -DOES NOT depend on amount of matter.
Physical: observed without without changing the composition of the substance. Physical: observed without without changing the composition of the substance. Chemical: the ability of a substance to undergo a specific chemical change
Color, odor, hardness, density, melting point, boiling point, state, solubility.
Solid Solid - fixed shape and volume, incompressible
Liquid Gas - takes the volume and shape of its container
Melting solid liquid Melting solid liquid Condensation gas liquid Freezing liquid solid Evaporation liquid gas Sublimation solid gas Boiling: Evaporation occurring beneath the liquid’s surface.
Review of prior knowledge: Review of prior knowledge: Talk with your shoulder partner and be prepared to share out
Matter that has a uniform and definite composition. Matter that has a uniform and definite composition.
Homogeneous Homogeneous Heterogeneous
Homogeneous - Homogeneous
- Heterogeneous
- Uniform composition throughout.
- One phase.
A homogeneous mixture of: A homogeneous mixture of: -Iron (Fe) -Chromium (Cr) -Nickel (Ni)
Elements argon and nitrogen and a compound (water vapor). Elements argon and nitrogen and a compound (water vapor).
Mixtures can be physically separated. Mixtures can be physically separated. Mixtures exhibit physical properties similar to the components of the mixture.
Use differences in the physical properties of the components of the mixture. Use differences in the physical properties of the components of the mixture.
Crude Oil is a mixture of Hydrocarbons Crude Oil is a mixture of Hydrocarbons
The simplest substances. The simplest substances. Can not be separated into simpler substances. Building blocks of all matter. More than 100 known elements. Represented by chemical symbols.
System started by Jons Berzelius (Sweden, 1779-1848) System started by Jons Berzelius (Sweden, 1779-1848) One or two first letters of name of the element. Many elements names have roots from: Latin, Greek, mythology, geography, names of scientists.
Americium, Am Americium, Am Einsteinium, Es Bromine, Br Helium, He
A substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined. A substance that contains two or more elements chemically combined. Compounds have different properties from the individual substances. (Ex: H2O)
If composition is fixed and may not changesubstance If composition is fixed and may not changesubstance
The ability of a substance to transform into a new substance (to undergo a chemical change). The ability of a substance to transform into a new substance (to undergo a chemical change). Example: Magnesium reacts with oxygen to form magnesium oxide.
Physical change: a change in the physical properties of a substance. Physical change: a change in the physical properties of a substance. Composition does not change. May be reversible or irreversible. Reversible: Irreversible:
A change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter. A change that produces matter with a different composition than the original matter. Atoms rearrange themselves into new combinations.
energy exchange production of a gas color change formation of a precipitate
In any chemical or physical change, mass is neither created or destroyed Mass is CONSTANT
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