Gpss hdg 5th Ed. Feb 15, 08 I S–tec list of Effective Pages



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Pilot’s Operating Handbook

GPSS

HDG


5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

i

S–TEC



List of Effective Pages 

*  Asterisk indicates pages changed, added, or deleted by 

  current  revision.  

Record of Revisions 

Retain this record in front of handbook.  Upon receipt of a 

revision, insert changes and complete table below.   

Revision Number 

Revision Date 

Insertion Date/Initials 

        1

st

  Ed. 


       Mar  14,  00 

        2

nd

 Ed. 


       Dec  13,  00 

        3

rd

 Ed. 


       Jan   14,  02 

        4

th

 Ed. 


       Sep  05,  03 

        5

th

 Ed. 


       Feb  15,  08 

   


   

   


   

   


   

   


   

   


   

   


   

   


   


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5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

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Table of Contents

Sec.

Pg.

1

Overview...........................................................................................................1–1



1.1

Document Organization....................................................................1–3

1.2

Purpose..............................................................................................1–3



1.3

General Control Theory....................................................................1–3

1.4

Block Diagram....................................................................................1–4



2

Pre-Flight Procedures...................................................................................2–1

2.1

Pre-Flight Test....................................................................................2–3



3

In-Flight Procedures......................................................................................3–1

3.1

Normal Operating Procedures........................................................3–3



3.1.1

Heading (HDG) Mode........................................................3–3

3.1.2

Global Positioning System Steering (GPSS) Mode.......3–3



3.2

Approach Procedures.......................................................................3–4

3.2.1

Standard Approach.............................................................3–4



3.2.2

GPS Overlay of VOR / DME-A Approach...........................3–4

3.2.3

GPS-T Approach.................................................................3–4



3.2.4

GPS Approach with Holding Pattern................................3–4

3.2.5

GPS Overlay of VOR Approach with Procedure Turn.....3–4



3.3

Emergency Procedures....................................................................3–9

4

Operating Parameters..................................................................................4–1



4.1

Ranges.................................................................................................4–3

5

Glossary...........................................................................................................5–1




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 5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

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List of Figures

Fig.

Pg.

1–1


HDG / GPSS Selector Switch.......................................................................1–5

1–2


ST-901 GPSS Converter Block Diagram...................................................1–5

2–1


HDG / GPSS Selector Switch (Pre-Flight)..................................................2–4

3–1


GPS Overlay of VOR / DME-A Approach......................................................3–5

3–2


GPS-T Approach.............................................................................................3–6

3–3


GPS Approach with Holding Pattern...........................................................3–7

3–4


GPS Overlay of VOR Approach with Procedure Turn................................3–8

List of Tables

Table

Pg.

2–1


Pre-Flight Test...............................................................................................2–3


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SECTION 1

OVERVIEW


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1.1 Document Organization

Section 1 Overview

Section 2 Pre-Flight Procedures

Section 3 In-Flight Procedures

Section 4 Operating Parameters

Section 5 Glossary



1.2 Purpose

This Pilot's Operating Handbook (POH) provides Pre-Flight and In-Flight operating

procedures for the S-TEC ST-901 Global Positioning System Steering (GPSS)

Converter.



Note:

This POH must be carried in the A/C and made available to the pilot at

all times.  It can only be used in conjunction with the Federal Aviation

Administration (FAA) approved Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) or Aircraft Flight

Manual Supplement (AFMS).  Refer to the applicable AFM or AFMS for

A/C specific information, such as unique ground tests, limitations, and

emergency procedures.

Note:

The GPSS Converter is a tool provided to aircraft owners, that serves to

assist them with cockpit workload management.  The ability of the

GPSS Converter to provide optimum assistance and performance is

directly proportional to the pilot's knowledge of its operating procedures.

Therefore, it is highly recommended that the pilot develop a thorough

understanding of the GPSS Converter and its operating procedures in Visual

Meteorological Conditions (VMC), prior to using it under Instrument Flight

Rules (IFR).

1.3 General Control Theory

The GPSS Converter can be used with the following S-TEC autopilots:

System Twenty / Thirty

System Forty / Fifty

System Fifty Five

System Sixty Two

System Sixty Five



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It has the following modes of operation:



HDG Mode - Used to turn onto a Selected Heading and Hold it

GPSS Mode - Used to Laterally Steer along a Course defined by Waypoints,

that have been programmed into the GPS Navigator

Pressing the HDG / GPSS Selector Switch will alternately engage the HDG

mode and GPSS mode.  This switch is shown in Fig. 1-1.  As indicated, when the

HDG mode is engaged, the HDG lamp is illuminated and the GPSS lamp is

extinguished, but when the GPSS mode is engaged, the GPSS lamp is illuminated

and the HDG lamp is extinguished.

The GPSS Converter is internally configured to be compatible with the particular

AC or DC Heading System installed in the aircraft, be it a Directional Gyro (DG)

or Horizontal Situation Indicator (HSI).  The output of the Heading System will be

either an AC or DC Heading Error Signal.  When the GPSS Converter's HDG

mode is engaged, the GPSS Converter processes the AC or DC Heading Error

Signal at its input, to produce a proportional DC Heading Error Signal at its

output.  This signal is sent to the input of the autopilot's heading error channel.

When the autopilot's HDG mode is also engaged, the autopilot will turn the

aircraft onto the selected heading and hold it.

The GPS Navigator is programmed with a sequence of waypoints, as a means

to define a course.  This course is realized at the output of the GPS Navigator in

the form of two digital signals, the Bank Angle Signal and Ground Speed Signal.

When the GPSS Converter's GPSS mode is engaged, the GPSS Converter

processes the Bank Angle Signal and Ground Speed Signal at its input, to

produce a DC Turn Rate Signal at its output.  This signal is sent to the input of

the autopilot's heading error channel.  When the autopilot's HDG mode is also

engaged, the autopilot will laterally steer the aircraft along the course defined

by the waypoints.



1.4 Block Diagram

The GPSS Converter Block Diagram is shown in Fig. 1-2.




5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

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Fig. 1-2.  ST-901 GPSS Converter Block Diagram

Fig. 1-1.  HDG / GPSS Selector Switch


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SECTION 2

PRE-FLIGHT PROCEDURES


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ACTION RESPONSE 

1.  Set Battery Master Switch to ON 

position. 

------ 


2.  Set Avionics Master Switch to ON 

position. 

------ 

3.   Set Autopilot Master Switch to ON 



position. 

HDG lamp is illuminated and GPSS 

lamp is extinguished on HDG / GPSS 

Selector Switch, as an indication that 

GPSS Converter’s HDG mode is 

engaged.  This is shown in Fig. 2-1a. 

4.  Set Heading Bug under Lubber 

Line. 


------ 

5.   Engage autopilot’s HDG mode. 

------ 

6.  Turn Heading Bug to the left side 



of Lubber Line. 

A/C Control Wheel turns to the left. 

7.  Turn Heading Bug to the right 

side of Lubber Line. 

A/C Control Wheel turns to the right. 

8.  Set Heading Bug under Lubber 

Line. 

A/C Control Wheel stops. 



9.  Program GPS Navigator with a 

valid waypoint. 

------ 

2.1 Pre-Flight Test

Prior to takeoff and with engine running, perform the actions shown in Table 2-1.

For each action, verify the corresponding response where applicable.

Table 2-1.  Pre-Flight Test (continued on page 2-4)



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 5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

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ACTION RESPONSE 

10. 


 Press HDG / GPSS Selector 

Switch. 


GPSS lamp is illuminated and HDG 

lamp is extinguished on HDG / GPSS 

Selector Switch, as an indication that 

GPSS Converter’s GPSS mode is 

engaged.  This is shown in Fig. 2-1b. 

11.  Turn Heading Bug to the left side 

and right side of Lubber Line. 

A/C Control Wheel does not respond. 



Note:  The GPSS mode cannot be tested since there is no groundspeed. 

12.   Disconnect autopilot. 

------ 

Table 2-1.  Pre-Flight Test (continued from page 2-3)

Fig. 2-1.  HDG / GPSS Selector Switch



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SECTION 3

IN-FLIGHT PROCEDURES


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3.1 Normal Operating Procedures

3.1.1 Heading (HDG) Mode

Set the Heading Bug to the desired heading on the compass card (HSI or DG).

Engage the GPSS Converter's HDG mode.

Engage the autopilot's HDG mode.

The autopilot will turn the aircraft onto the selected heading and hold it.  The turn

rate will be limited to 90% of a standard rate turn, although for some higher

performance (turboprop) aircraft this is 75%.

A new heading can be subsequently selected by setting the Heading Bug to it.



3.1.2 Global Positioning System Steering (GPSS) Mode

Set the Heading Bug under the Lubber Line.

Engage the GPSS Converter's HDG mode.

Engage the autopilot's HDG mode.

Program the GPS Navigator with a sequence of waypoints, as a means to define

the desired course.

Engage the GPSS Converter's GPSS mode.

The autopilot will begin to laterally steer the aircraft along the course (i.e., track

the course).

The turn rate will be limited to 90% of a standard rate turn, although for some

higher performance (turboprop) aircraft this is 75%.

If it should happen that the GPS Navigator has not been programmed with a

sequence of waypoints upon attempted engagement of the GPSS mode, then

the autopilot will hold the aircraft at wings level, and the GPSS lamp will flash on

the HDG / GPSS Selector Switch to acknowledge this condition.

Engaging any autopilot roll mode other than HDG (i.e., NAV, APR, REV, STB,

LO TRK, HI TRK) will decouple the autopilot from the GPSS mode.

With the GPSS mode engaged, the autopilot will not respond to the Heading

Bug or Course Pointer.

Note:

It is not possible to simultaneously engage the HDG mode and arm the

GPSS mode.  Consequently, there does not exist the capability to execute

a dual mode, pilot selectable intercept angle of the course.



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3.2 Approach Procedures

3.2.1 Standard Approach

Set the Heading Bug under the Lubber Line.

Engage the GPSS Converter's HDG mode.

Engage the autopilot's HDG mode.

Program the GPS Navigator with the desired approach.

Engage the GPSS Converter's GPSS mode.

The autopilot will begin tracking to the Initial Approach Fix (IAF).

To execute any required procedure turn or holding pattern, proceed as follows:

1. Engage the GPSS Converter's HDG mode.

2. Lead the aircraft around the procedure turn or holding pattern using the

Heading Bug.

3. Once established on the inbound course, engage the GPSS Converter's

GPSS mode.

4. Complete the approach.



3.2.2 GPS Overlay of VOR / DME-A Approach

Refer to Fig. 3-1.



3.2.3 GPS-T Approach

Refer to Fig. 3-2.



3.2.4 GPS Approach with Holding Pattern

Refer to Fig. 3-3.



3.2.5 GPS Overlay of VOR Approach with Procedure Turn

Refer to Fig. 3-4.




5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

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Fig. 3-1.  GPS Overlay of VOR / DME-A Approach

1. a. Set the Heading Bug under the Lubber Line.

b. Engage the GPSS Converter's HDG mode.

c. Engage the autopilot's HDG mode.

d. Program the GPS Navigator with the desired approach.

e. Engage the GPSS Converter's GPSS mode.

f.

The autopilot begins tracking to the Initial Approach Fix (IAF).



2. a. The autopilot intercepts the IAF, and then tracks around the arc.

3. a. The autopilot becomes established on the inbound course.

b. At the Missed Approach Point (MAP), disconnect the autopilot for a landing

or go-around, as required.




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5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

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Fig. 3-2.  GPS-T Approach

1. a. Set the Heading Bug under the Lubber Line.

b. Engage the GPSS Converter's HDG mode.

c. Engage the autopilot's HDG mode.

d. Program the GPS Navigator with the desired approach.

e. Engage the GPSS Converter's GPSS mode.

f.

The autopilot begins tracking to the Initial Approach Fix (IAF).



2. a. The autopilot intercepts the IAF, then makes a 90

°

 turn, and begins



tracking to the Final Approach Fix (FAF).

3. a. The autopilot becomes established on the inbound course.

b. At the Missed Approach Point (MAP), disconnect the autopilot for a landing

or go-around, as required.




5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

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Fig. 3-3.  GPS Approach with Holding Pattern

1. a. Set the Heading Bug under the Lubber Line.

b. Engage the GPSS Converter's HDG mode.

c. Engage the autopilot's HDG mode.

d. Program the GPS Navigator with the desired approach.

e. Engage the GPSS Converter's GPSS mode.

f.

The autopilot begins tracking to the Initial Approach Fix (IAF).



Note:

Perform steps 2-3 only for those GPS Navigators that do not have

the capability to execute a holding pattern.

2. a. Engage the GPSS Converter's HDG mode.

b. Lead the aircraft around the outbound leg of the holding pattern in 90

°

increments, using the Heading Bug.



3. a. Engage the GPSS Converter's GPSS mode.

b. The autopilot begins tracking to the Final Approach Fix (FAF).

4. a. The autopilot becomes established on the inbound course.

b. At the Missed Approach Point (MAP), disconnect the autopilot for a landing

or go-around, as required.



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5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

S–TEC

Fig. 3-4.  GPS Overlay of VOR Approach with Procedure Turn

1. a. Set the Heading Bug under the Lubber Line.

b. Engage the GPSS Converter's HDG mode.

c. Engage the autopilot's HDG mode.

d. Program the GPS Navigator with the desired approach.

e. Engage the GPSS Converter's GPSS mode.

f.

The autopilot begins tracking to the Initial Approach Fix (IAF).



Note:

Perform steps 2-3 only for those GPS Navigators that do not have

the capability to execute a procedure turn.

2. a. Engage the GPSS Converter's HDG mode.

b. Lead the aircraft around the procedure turn in 90

°

 increments, using the



Heading Bug.

3. a. Engage the GPSS Converter's GPSS mode.

b. The autopilot begins tracking to the Final Approach Fix (FAF).

4. a. The autopilot becomes established on the inbound course.

b. At the Missed Approach Point (MAP), disconnect the autopilot for a landing

or go-around, as required.




5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

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3.3 Emergency Procedures

In the event of a GPSS Converter malfunction, proceed as follows:

1.  Disconnect the autopilot.

2.  Regain control of the aircraft.

3.  Do Not attempt to use the GPSS Converter's HDG mode or GPSS mode.

4.  Do Not attempt to use the autopilot's HDG mode.



Note:

It may be possible to use other autopilot roll modes (i.e., NAV, APR, REV, STB,

LO TRK, HI TRK).


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5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

4-1


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SECTION 4

OPERATING PARAMETERS


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5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

4-3


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4.1 Roll Axis Limits

Turn Rate

Piston A/C:

90% Standard Rate Turn

Turboprop A/C:

75% Standard Rate Turn




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5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

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5-1


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SECTION 5

GLOSSARY


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Term

Meaning

AC

Alternating Current



A/C

Aircraft


AFM

Aircraft Flight Manual

AFMS

Aircraft Flight Manual Supplement



APR

Approach


DC

Direct Current

DG

Directional Gyro



DME

Distance Measuring Equipment

FAA

Federal Aviation Administration



FAF

Final Approach Fix

GPS

Global Positioning System



GPSS

Global Positioning System Steering

HDG

Heading


HI TRK

High  Track

HSI

Horizontal Situation Indicator



IAF

Initial Approach Fix

IFR

Instrument Flight Rules



LO TRK

Low  Track

MAP

Missed Approach Point



NAV

Navigation

POH

Pilot's Operating Handbook



REV

Reverse


STB

Stabilizer

VMC

Visual Meteorological Conditions



VOR

Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Radio Range




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5th Ed.  Feb 15, 08

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One S–TEC Way

Municipal Airport

Mineral Wells, TX  76067–9236

 Tel: 800–872–7832

Fax: 940–325–3904

www.genesys-aerosystems.com

S–TEC PN 8799

Information contained in this document is subject to change

without notice.  © 2008 S-TEC.  All rights reserved.  Printed in

the United States of America.  S-TEC and the S-TEC logo

are registered trademarks of S-TEC.

Notice:


Contact S-TEC Customer Support at 800-872-7832 for a

Service Repair Order (SRO) number prior to the return of any



component for any reason.

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