Illustrate the presence of several oxidation states for vanadium

Illustrate the presence of several oxidation states for vanadium

• Illustrate the presence of several oxidation states for vanadium

• Show how it is possible to change from one oxidation state to another

What are “oxidation states”?

• The actual charge of an atom if the atom is a monatomic ion, or the hypothetical charge assigned to an atom by certain rules

Rules

• Elements are 0

• Atoms of monatomic ions have charge of ion

• O is -2 in most compounds

• H is +1 in most compounds

• F is -1 in all compounds

• Sum of numbers in a compound is 0; in a polyatomic ion is charge of ion

Example

• Oxidation number of Cl in:

• HClO4 (perchloric acid)
• ClO3- (chlorate ion)

The significance of transition metals

• Transition metals exhibit variable oxidation states of differing stability

• A change in oxidation state can bring about a change in colour

Oxidation and reduction

• Oxidation can be considered as an increase in oxidation number

• Reduction can be considered as a decrease in oxidation number

• Compounds with metals in a high oxidation state tend to be oxidising agents whereas compounds with metals in a low oxidation state are often reducing agents

Oxidation states of vanadium

Summary of results

Summary of results

Summary of results

Summary of results

Summary of results