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NIOBIUM AND TANTALUM CHEMISTRY: A BRIEF OVERVIEW AND RECENT HIGHLIGHTS

Gauthier Deblonde1,2, Alexandre Chagnes1, Sarah Belair2, Valérie Weigel2, Gérard Cote1


1Institut de Recherche de Chimie ParisTech (UMR CNRS 8247) – Chimie ParisTech , Paris, 75005, France

2Eramet Research, Hydrometallurgy department, F-78193 Trappes, France
ABSTRACT
Niobium and tantalum are strategic metals for electronic and alloys industries. They are produced by pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy but most of the niobium and tantalum production processes are not environmentally friendly. For instance, in the hydrometallurgical route, niobium and tantalum separation can only be achieved by liquid-liquid extraction in hydrofluoric acid by taking advantage of the difference in niobium(V) and tantalum(V) speciation in fluoride acidic media. Therefore, the environmental footprint of hydrometallurgical processes for the production of niobium and tantalum can be clearly lowered by replacing hydrofluoric acid by other environmentally friendly media such as alkaline solutions in which high solubility of niobium(V) and tantalum(V) can be achieved .
The development of such new efficient and friendly environmentally hydrometallurgical processes requires a fine description of the physicochemistry of niobium(V) and tantalum(V) in alkaline media. Unfortunately, literature data show a huge discrepancy on niobium(V) and tantalum(V) speciation in alkaline media. In this paper, after giving a brief overview of the niobium(V)-tantalum(V) production processes, the physicochemistry of niobium(V) and tantalum(V) in alkaline media including speciation will be revisited by means of UV-Visible, NMR spectroscopy, capillary-electrophoresis, potentiometric titrations and DFT calculations.

KEYWORDS
Niobium; tantalum; speciation; solution chemistry; hydrometallurgical processes


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