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Must have one, and only one, capital letter
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tarix | 05.03.2018 | ölçüsü | 569 b. | | #30183 |
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must have one, and only one, capital letter must have one, and only one, capital letter represent elements (there are 118 currently) some come from Latin or Greek [which is why the symbol is not from 1st letter(s)] - Au (gold) “aurum” (means “shining dawn”)
- Ag (silver) “argentum”
- Fe (iron) “ferrum”
- K (potassium) “kalium”
- Hg (mercury) “hydrargyrum” (means liquid silver)
- Pb (lead) “plumbum”
- Sn (tin) “stannum”
- Na (sodium) “natrium”
- Cu (copper) “cuprum”
- W (tungsten) “wolfram”
- Sb (antimony) “stibium”
nil = 0 nil = 0 un = 1 bi = 2 tri = 3 quad = 4 pent =5 hex = 6 sept = 7 oct = 8 enn = 9
John Newlands (1864) proposed an arrangement where elements were ordered by increasing atomic mass. John Newlands (1864) proposed an arrangement where elements were ordered by increasing atomic mass.
Moseley rearranged the table by increasing atomic number, and resulted in a clear periodic pattern with no exceptions. Moseley rearranged the table by increasing atomic number, and resulted in a clear periodic pattern with no exceptions. Periodic repetition of chemical and physical properties of the elements when they are arranged by increasing atomic number is called periodic law. “periodic” means repeating.
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A full outer shell is most stable - atoms with a full “s” and full “p” [2+6=8]
- atoms with 8 e- in outer shell have an octet
- octet rule says 8 e- in outer shell make the atom very stable and unreactive [noble gases]
- p6, d10, f14 atoms tend to be stable (note: s2 atoms are not stable
- p3, d5, and f7 atoms are a little stable
some atoms deviate from predicted configurations because they rearrange their electrons to be more stable Ex: Copper predicted to be: [Ar]4s23d9 but really is: [Ar]4s13d10
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