Orbital's are represented by boxes grouped by sublevel w/ small arrows indicating the electrons Orbital's are represented by boxes grouped by sublevel w/ small arrows indicating the electrons Arrows always have to be pointing opposite directions because of opposite spins
Electrons in the outermost (highest) principal energy. Element with the same valence electron arrangement show similar chemical behavior.
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It depends on the number of electrons that will increase the elements’ volume
Energy require to remove an electron from an individual atom (gas). Metals have relatively low ionization energies. Nonmetals tend to have gain not lose electrons.
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