Review Guide for Unit Test 2 Nuclear Chemistry

Review Guide for Unit Test 2

Nuclear Chemistry

1. 
   What does the number 36 in the isotope, , represent?
   

1. 
   Atomic mass
   
2. 
   Mass number
   
3. 
   Number of protons
   
4. 
   Atomic number
   
5. 
   Both C and D
   

2. 
   What does the number 17 represent in the isotope ?
   

1. 
   Atomic mass
   
2. 
   Mass number
   
3. 
   Number of protons
   
4. 
   Atomic number
   
5. 
   Both C and D
   

3. 
   What does the number 222 represent in Radium-222?
   

1. 
   Atomic mass
   
2. 
   Mass number
   
3. 
   Number of protons
   
4. 
   Atomic number
   
5. 
   Both C and D
   

4. 
   What is the nuclear strong force?
   
5. 
   How do isotopes overcome this force?
   
6. 
   How would you describe isotopes when they have overcome this force (2 sentences)? Hint: you will need 3 key vocab terms in this description.
   
7. 
   What happens (what is the consequence) when isotopes overcome the nuclear strong force?
   

1. 
   They fall apart
   
2. 
   They start to lose energy
   
3. 
   They start to decay
   
4. 
   Nothing happens
   
5. 
   Both B and C are correct
   

8. 
   What is radiation and what type of isotopes emit it?
   
9. 
   What is a half-life? How is it measured (what 3 different units can be used)?
   

Half-Life Problems: Table Method – fill out the table for #10-11 and choose the appropriate answer choice.

Time	Half-life	Amount remaining
0	0

If 30 grams of Fluorine-18 has a half-life of 110 minutes, how much will be left after 440 minutes?

1. 
   1.875g
   
2. 
   3.75g
   
3. 
   30g
   
4. 
   0.94g
   

10. 
    After 261 days, there are 4 protons of Sulfur-35 remaining. If the half-life of Sulfur-35 is 87 days, how much did you start with?
    

1. 
   16 protons
   
2. 
   8 protons
   

   Time	Half-life	Amount remaining
   0	0

3. 
   32 protons
   
4. 
   64 protons
   

11. 
    What is a daughter element?
    

1. 
   The energy or particle emitted from alpha, beta, or gamma radiation.
   
2. 
   The element created as a result of the parent element decaying.
   
3. 
   The element created from the alpha particle, beta particle or gamma radiation.
   
4. 
   The combination of the element created and the energy or particle emitted.
   

12. 
    Describe alpha decay:
    
    1. 
       What is the alpha particle released and how many protons and neutrons does it have?
       
    2. 
       What is the mass of the alpha particles?
       
    3. 
       How do you determine the daughter element produced (how many protons are added or subtracted and how does the mass change)?
       
13. 
    Fill in the missing information in the following alpha decay reaction:
    

 __________ + __________

1. 
   + +
   

2. 
   + +
   

14. 
    Fill in the missing information for the following alpha decay reaction:
    

Mendelevium-250  __________ + __________

1. 
   Einsteinium-246 + Helium-2
   
2. 
   Einsteinium-246 + Helium-4
   
3. 
   Fermium-246 + Helium-4
   
4. 
   Mendelevium-250 + Helium-2
   

15. 
    Describe beta decay:
    
    1. 
       What is the beta particle released?
       
    2. 
       What is its mass and proton number of the particle emitted?
       
    3. 
       How do you determine the daughter element produced (how many protons are added or subtracted and how does the mass change)?
       

16. 
    Fill in the missing information for the following beta decay reaction:
     __________ + __________
    
    
    

1. 
   + C. +
   
2. 
   + D. +
   

17. 
    Fill in the missing information for the following beta decay reaction:
    

Promethium-165  _____________ + ____________

1. 
   Promethium-165 + electron-0
   
2. 
   Samarium-165 + electron-0
   
3. 
   Samarium-166 + electron 1
   
4. 
   Neodymium-165 + electron-0
   

18. 
    Describe gamma decay:
    
    1. 
       What is emitted in gamma decay?
       
    2. 
       What is the mass number and proton number?
       
    3. 
       How do you determine the daughter element produced?
       

19. 
    Fill in the missing information for the following gamma decay reaction:
    

 __________ + __________

1. 
   + energy C. + energy
   
2. 
   + energy D. + electrons
   

20. 
    Fill in the missing information for the following gamma decay reaction:
    

Astatine-198  ____________ + _____________

1. 
   Astatine-199 + energy C. Polonium-198 + energy
   
2. 
   Astatine-198 + electrons D. Polonium-199 + electrons
   

21. 
    Use the reaction diagram below to answer A.
    

1. 
   Describe the process of fission using the reaction and elements above.
   

22. 
    Use the reaction diagram below to answer A.
    

Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 Step 4

1. 
   Describe the process of fusion using the reaction and elements above (remember, = hydrogen, = deuterium, = tritium).
   

**Step 2 element = **Step 3 element =

23. 
    Choose a topic from the presentations and describe the efficiency of that process as the students did when presenting.
    
24. 
    Choose a topic from the presentations and describe how the process works (i.e. fission/fusion bomb, sun, reactor etc) as the students did when presenting.