Studied physics and math



Yüklə 489 b.
tarix06.05.2018
ölçüsü489 b.
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Studied physics and math

  • Studied physics and math

  • Interest in psychology

  • Focused on the individual in culture













an island east of New Guinea

  • an island east of New Guinea

  • participants in the kula ring

  • primarily horticulturalists – primarily yams

  • acephalic society

  • status achieved by success in different ventures

  • feared by members of neighboring islands

    • cannibals
    • deadliest witchcraft


based on matrilineal families

  • based on matrilineal families

    • called suso = “mother’s milk
  • ca. 25 people per village (late 1920s)

    • villages are exogamous (but sexual relations are allowed)
  • 4 - 20 villages joined into localities

    • localities are endogamous
  • ambilocal residence



inside the suso

  • inside the suso

    • trust
  • outside the suso

    • fear
    • mistrust
    • jealousy
    • suspicion


jealousy of possessions

  • jealousy of possessions

  • adultery is a measure of prestige

    • mother’s advice to daughters: fidelity in marriage results from a woman keeping her husband sexually exhausted
  • poisoning of food and drink is common

    • sharing food, drink, cigarettes is a sign of the greatest trust


no concept of accident

  • no concept of accident

  • all misfortunes result from

    • witchcraft
    • sorcery
    • attack
  • each has a supernatural cause

  • world is controlled by competing forces



on earth approximately 5 generations (= time of creation) before Fortune’s field work

  • on earth approximately 5 generations (= time of creation) before Fortune’s field work

    • born with the sun, the moon, and the earth
  • used magical formulae to make things happen

  • gave many of these formulae to people

  • must follow the will of those who know a formula most accurately



the basis of all wealth and success on Dobu

  • the basis of all wealth and success on Dobu

  • not even brothers will share them

  • learned from mother’s brother

  • (avuncular inheritance)



every member of the village in which Fortune lived possessed 1-5 formulae for causing illness

  • every member of the village in which Fortune lived possessed 1-5 formulae for causing illness

  • since introduction of money, formulae could be purchased (1 formula = 4 months wages)



Sorcerers = ♂

  • Sorcerers = ♂

  • ♂ claim to be able to cause particular illness

  • occurs by day

  • leaves behind a physical record



Witches = ♀

  • Witches = ♀

  • ♀ say nothing about the magic they can produce

  • occurs at night

  • leaves no trace

  • can also produce wind and rain (good for kula)

    • as a result, ♀ are not allowed on kula expeditions


Law of Similarity

  • Law of Similarity



practiced by all adults

  • practiced by all adults

  • the most compelling magic is produced when the formulae are spoken correctly

  • a formula’s potency can be increased



when the cause is unclear, it is often considered the result of witchcraft

  • when the cause is unclear, it is often considered the result of witchcraft

  • when it results from a clearly identifiable illness, usually attributed to sorcery

  • when the cause of death (or the source of a disease) cannot be determined, a diviner from another locality may be brought in



after a boy turns 13-14 (puberty), he must find the hut of an unmarried girl to sleep in

  • after a boy turns 13-14 (puberty), he must find the hut of an unmarried girl to sleep in

  • must leave before the girl’s parents awaken

  • if the mother catches a boy with her daughter, then marriage preparations will begin



the cause of all sexual desire

  • the cause of all sexual desire

  • formulae for love magic are possessed by both ♂ & ♀

  • formulae are primarily used against married persons

  • Fortune was able to learn many magical formulae, but none for love magic



yam seeds are inherited matrilineally

  • yam seeds are inherited matrilineally

  • ♂ & ♀ have separate gardens and seeds

  • people and yams are related

    • tomot refers to both (but not to Europeans)
  • ♀ & yams are both considered the property of ♂

    • (according to the ♂)


since they are related to people, they have similar lives

  • since they are related to people, they have similar lives

  • yams enjoy early period of freedom (like Dobuan children)

  • young yams are able to wander at night, but must be back in their own garden before daybreak



similar to love magic

  • similar to love magic

  • as the yams grow older, people will sing songs of seduction (= magic) to a few of their yams

  • the other yams become upset because they were excluded and grow more vigorously in protest



seduction is also used to coax yams from other people’s gardens

  • seduction is also used to coax yams from other people’s gardens

  • illness-causing magical formulae (known as tabu) are used to protect gardens against this

  • size of a person’s crop reflects the potency of their magic (yields are not made public)



serves in place of a legal system

  • serves in place of a legal system

  • ♂ have a general alibi, for death could be due to any ♀

  • ♀ have an individual alibi, for each illness is due to a particular ♂, and counter-magic can be learned



diviners and others usually know

  • diviners and others usually know



also serves as a leveling mechanism

  • also serves as a leveling mechanism

  • wabuwabu

    • during marriage arrangements
    • during kula trade
  • Dobuans as cannibals?



Yüklə 489 b.

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