Studied physics and math Interest in psychology Focused on the individual in culture
an island east of New Guinea an island east of New Guinea participants in the kula ring primarily horticulturalists – primarily yams acephalic society status achieved by success in different ventures feared by members of neighboring islands - cannibals
- deadliest witchcraft
based on matrilineal families - called suso = “mother’s milk
ca. 25 people per village (late 1920s) - villages are exogamous (but sexual relations are allowed)
4 - 20 villages joined into localities - localities are endogamous
ambilocal residence
inside the suso inside the suso outside the suso - fear
- mistrust
- jealousy
- suspicion
jealousy of possessions jealousy of possessions adultery is a measure of prestige - mother’s advice to daughters: fidelity in marriage results from a woman keeping her husband sexually exhausted
poisoning of food and drink is common - sharing food, drink, cigarettes is a sign of the greatest trust
no concept of accident all misfortunes result from - witchcraft
- sorcery
- attack
each has a supernatural cause world is controlled by competing forces
on earth approximately 5 generations (= time of creation) before Fortune’s field work on earth approximately 5 generations (= time of creation) before Fortune’s field work - born with the sun, the moon, and the earth
used magical formulae to make things happen gave many of these formulae to people
the basis of all wealth and success on Dobu the basis of all wealth and success on Dobu not even brothers will share them learned from mother’s brother (avuncular inheritance)
every member of the village in which Fortune lived possessed 1-5 formulae for causing illness every member of the village in which Fortune lived possessed 1-5 formulae for causing illness since introduction of money, formulae could be purchased (1 formula = 4 months wages)
Sorcerers = ♂ Sorcerers = ♂ ♂ claim to be able to cause particular illness occurs by day leaves behind a physical record
Witches = ♀ Witches = ♀ ♀ say nothing about the magic they can produce occurs at night can also produce wind and rain (good for kula) - as a result, ♀ are not allowed on kula expeditions
Law of Similarity
practiced by all adults practiced by all adults the most compelling magic is produced when the formulae are spoken correctly a formula’s potency can be increased
when the cause is unclear, it is often considered the result of witchcraft when the cause is unclear, it is often considered the result of witchcraft when it results from a clearly identifiable illness, usually attributed to sorcery when the cause of death (or the source of a disease) cannot be determined, a diviner from another locality may be brought in
after a boy turns 13-14 (puberty), he must find the hut of an unmarried girl to sleep in after a boy turns 13-14 (puberty), he must find the hut of an unmarried girl to sleep in must leave before the girl’s parents awaken if the mother catches a boy with her daughter, then marriage preparations will begin
the cause of all sexual desire the cause of all sexual desire formulae for love magic are possessed by both ♂ & ♀ formulae are primarily used against married persons Fortune was able to learn many magical formulae, but none for love magic
yam seeds are inherited matrilineally yam seeds are inherited matrilineally ♂ & ♀ have separate gardens and seeds - tomot refers to both (but not to Europeans)
♀ & yams are both considered the property of ♂
since they are related to people, they have similar lives since they are related to people, they have similar lives yams enjoy early period of freedom (like Dobuan children) young yams are able to wander at night, but must be back in their own garden before daybreak
similar to love magic similar to love magic as the yams grow older, people will sing songs of seduction (= magic) to a few of their yams the other yams become upset because they were excluded and grow more vigorously in protest
seduction is also used to coax yams from other people’s gardens seduction is also used to coax yams from other people’s gardens illness-causing magical formulae (known as tabu) are used to protect gardens against this size of a person’s crop reflects the potency of their magic (yields are not made public)
serves in place of a legal system serves in place of a legal system ♂ have a general alibi, for death could be due to any ♀ ♀ have an individual alibi, for each illness is due to a particular ♂, and counter-magic can be learned
diviners and others usually know diviners and others usually know
also serves as a leveling mechanism also serves as a leveling mechanism wabuwabu - during marriage arrangements
- during kula trade
Dobuans as cannibals?
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