World Biomes Follow along with your note packet to add notes as you watch the power point presentation



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World Biomes

  • Follow along with your note packet to add notes as you watch the power point presentation.


http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/

  • http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/



Tropical Rainforest

  • Tropical Rainforest

  • Abiotic factors

  • high biodiversity and biomass

  • both hot and moist;

  • ideal for bacteria and other microorganisms; they quickly decompose matter on the forest floor allowing nutrients to be recycled.

  • <1 cm of topsoil

  • About 100 in/yr of rainfall



Bougainvillea

  • Sunlight is a major limiting factor

  • Plants grow in layers (canopy receives most light)

  • Shallow, wide roots since soil is so thin and poor in nutrients

  • Little sun reaches the floor



Many symbiotic relationships

  • Many symbiotic relationships

  • Live in different levels of canopy



Threats to the Tropical Rainforest



Temperate Deciduous Forests

  • Temperate Deciduous Forests

  • Location:

  • found in temperate zone

  • (about 480 North latitude)

  • Much of the human population lives in this biome



Characterized by an abundance of deciduous (leaf bearing) trees

  • Characterized by an abundance of deciduous (leaf bearing) trees

  • Characterized by 4 seasons



More diversity in the deciduous forest vs. the coniferous forest due to increased sunlight. Trees adapt to varied climate by becoming dormant in winter



Adapt to many seasons



Threats to Temperate Deciduous Forests



Taiga aka Northern Coniferous Forest or Boreal Forest



Taiga

  • Taiga

  • Abiotic factors

  • Winters are long and cold

  • Averages 100 in/yr precipitation—mostly snow

  • Soil poor in nutrients and very acidic

  • Growing season is very short



Balsam Fir

  • Coniferous (needle-bearing) trees are abundant

  • Roots long to anchor trees

  • Needles long, thin and waxy

  • Low sunlight and poor soil keeps plants from growing on forest floor

  • http://www.inchinapinch.com/hab_pgs/terres/coniferous/plants.htm



Moose

  • Adapt for cold winters

  • Burrow, hibernate, warm coat, insulation, etc.

  • http://www.inchinapinch.com/hab_pgs/terres/coniferous/animals.htm



Threats to the Taiga



Grasslands



Savannas (Tropical Grasslands)

  • Savannas (Tropical Grasslands)

  • Contain the greatest number of grazing animals on Earth.

  • Location: Found in the tropics…near equator

  • Amount of precipitation supports tall grasses but only occasional trees.

  • The word savanna stems from an Amerind term for plains

  • http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/savanna/savanna.html



  • Tropical Savanna Abiotic Factors

  • Rainy and dry season

  • 25-150 in/yr precipitation

  • Fire plays a large role in this ecosystem

  • http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/savannah.html



Whistling Thorn

  • Umbrella Thorn Acacia



Adapt for short rainy season—migrate as necessary

  • Adapt for short rainy season—migrate as necessary

  • Limited food leads to vertical feeding





Steppe Dry, cold, grasslands





The most abundant are plants called Bunch grasses, fine bladed grasses that grow in clumps to preserve water.

  • Tumbleweed



Many migrate, hibernate or burrow during extremes in temperature and precipitation

  • http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/steppe_animal_page.htm





Prairie and Steppe:

  • Prairie and Steppe:

  • Grassland areas

  • 50-75 cm/yr

  • Characteristic high winds



Sod-forming grasses that won’t dry out or blow away in wind.

  • Fleabane

  • http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/prairie_plants_page.htm



Many adaptations to survive extremes





Desert Abiotic factors

  • Desert Abiotic factors

  • <10 in/yr of rain

  • Little to no topsoil due to high winds.

  • Minerals not deep in soil

  • Too dry for decay

  • Usually very hot days and very cold nights

  • http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/msese/earthsysflr/taiga.html



Joshua Tree http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/desert_plant_page.htm

  • Desert Plant Adaptations:

  • Spines

  • Succulents

  • Thick, waxy cuticle

  • Shallow, broad roots



  • Desert Animal Adaptations:

  • Get water from food

  • Thick outer coat

  • Burrow during day

  • Large ears

  • Often are nocturnal

  • Smaller animals =

  • less surface area

  • http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/desert_animal_page.htm





  • http://www.runet.edu/~swoodwar/CLASSES/GEOG235/biomes/tundra/tundra.html



Tundra Abiotic Factors

  • Tundra Abiotic Factors

  • <25 in/year

  • Temperature rarely higher than 100C

  • Permafrost layer

  • Short growing season





Perennials

  • Woody shrubs



Many visitors, migration

  • Many visitors, migration

  • Few predators

  • Little Competition





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