JOBR: “2121_c000” — 2006/3/9 — 18:22 — page xi — #11
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Diagnostic interpretation via signal-processing techniques of bioelectric data
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Therapeutic and rehabilitation procedures and devices (rehabilitation engineering)
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Devices for replacement or augmentation of bodily functions (
artificial organs)
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Computer analysis of patient-related data and clinical decision-making (i.e., medical informatics
and artificial intelligence)
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Medical imaging, that is, the graphic display of anatomic detail or physiologic function
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The creation of new biologic products (i.e.,
biotechnology and
tissue engineering)
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The development of new materials to be used within the body (biomaterials)
Typical pursuits of biomedical engineers, therefore, include:
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Research in new materials for implanted artificial organs
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Development of new diagnostic instruments for blood analysis
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Computer modeling of the function of the human heart
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Writing software for analysis of medical research data
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Analysis of medical device hazards for safety and efficacy
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Development of new diagnostic imaging systems
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Design of telemetry systems for patient monitoring
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Design of biomedical sensors for measurement of human physiologic systems variables
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Development of expert systems for diagnosis of disease
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Design of closed-loop control systems for drug administration
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Modeling of the physiological systems of the human body
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Design of instrumentation for sports medicine
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Development of new dental materials
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Design of communication aids for the handicapped
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Study of pulmonary fluid dynamics
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Study of the biomechanics of the human body
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Development of material to be used as replacement for human skin
Biomedical engineering, then, is an interdisciplinary branch of engineering that ranges from theoretical,
nonexperimental undertakings to state-of-the-art applications. It can encompass research, development,
implementation, and operation. Accordingly, like medical practice itself, it is unlikely that any single
person can acquire expertise that encompasses the entire field. Yet, because of the interdisciplinary nature
of this activity, there is considerable interplay and overlapping of interest and effort between them.
For example, biomedical engineers engaged in the development of biosensors may interact with those
interested in prosthetic devices to develop a means to detect and use the same bioelectric signal to power
a prosthetic device. Those engaged in automating the clinical chemistry laboratory may collaborate with
those developing expert systems to assist clinicians in making decisions based on specific laboratory data.
The possibilities are endless.
Perhaps a greater potential benefit occurring from the use of biomedical engineering is identification
of the problems and needs of our present healthcare system that can be solved using existing engineering
technology and systems methodology. Consequently, the field of biomedical engineering offers hope in
the continuing battle to provide high-quality care at a reasonable cost. If properly directed toward solving
problems related to preventive medical approaches, ambulatory care services, and the like, biomedical
engineers can provide the tools and techniques to make our healthcare system more effective and efficient;
and in the process, improve the quality of life for all.
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