Fergana region Furkat district

1.The way of life of Alisher Navoi.

Alisher Navoi's way of life, activities and heritage in the book "Navoi's Soul book" (Tashkent, BAN, 1969) by academician Izzat Sultan is widely covered on the basis of information in the poet's works and the first and reliable sources left by contemporaries. Proceeding from this, it seemed appropriate to give brief information about the life and activities of bunda Alisher Navoi.Alisher Navoi Hijri 844 year (year of the chicken) 17 day of Ramadan, that is, Melody 1441 9 February was born in the city of Herat, the capital of Khorosan estate, headed by Shahrukh mirzo, Temuriyzade. His father Ghiyosiddin is small, Ghiyosiddin Bahadur is mentioned in the style of ghiyosiddin bahshi. He was one of the officials of the timurisodes, in particular the Shahrukh mirzo, the Abulkasim Babur Mirzo, and was also the governor of the vegetable city. Alisher Navoi's mother (unnamed) is also a representative of this environment and is one of the notable people of the House of temuriyzoda. Therefore, Alisher Navoi writes:

My father is the cockroach of this threshold ,

My mother also has this saroblastic canine.

Alisher's parents ' biography is not fully illuminated so far.

Alisher's family was one of the famous and enlightened houses of his time. His mountains Mir Said Kabuli and Muhammad Ali Gharibis were known as poets who adjoined poetry in two languages. Alisher's Aga-Inis-Nizamiddin Sheikh Bahlul and Darvesh Ali koshkaldashis-were the public figures - Sheikh Bahlul-Khorezm governor, Darvesh Ali-Balkh governor. Until now, information about Alisher's sisters, uncles has not come across. Scientists and poets of their time gathered in this House, engaged in readings and scientific conversations. And this environment was determined by the fact that Alisher, who was still a child, was inclined to poetry. Therefore, Alisher Navoi, at the age of 3-4, memorized poems and read them on the proposal of those who came to his house. This Is What Alisher Navoi himself wrote about when talking about Amir Qasim Anwar, mentioned in the first set of"Majolis un-nafois", one of his bytes is cometirib, they write:

Rind OSH ashiqy Jah world's Cup stitch,

Bo state grief tu zi opinion World chi bok1 this Fakir ( IE Alisher Navoi)first nazmekim, I learned that ... Matla'dur. Hamono melted between the ages of four knowing the ages of three, and some astonished izhor melted as the Saints offered to read."When Alisher reaches the age of four, they send him to school where his teacher is wise. In this school he studied together with Huseyn boy International. Therefore Z.M.Babur writes: "Alisher and Hussein are all together in international smallness."A separate study in "Makorim ul-ahlaq" of Khondamir that Alisher was "hooked up with his partners in mastering the lessons in a small amount of time"at school. Therefore, since the memory of Alisher was incredibly strong, at that time he had memorized the "ut-tayri of logic", which was Farididdin attor's philosophical-irfanian epic of 4600 bytes, from beginning to end. It was forbidden to speak about this book, both in the family and in school, because of what Alisher left him charming, despite other hyech things. Therefore, Alisher constantly repeated it in a secret way (inside). Alisher Navoi "Lison ut-tayr" dostonida writes about this:

This conflict will come to mind,

Kim tufuliyat Chaghi school aro…

Tab bulhavas in Manga ul case,

"Logic ut-Tair" aylab erdi multamas…

Game lost,

Ul Kitab ERDI anisi xilvatim…

Onglag'och Atfal, aylab şeyn şeyn,

Alisher's studies at school were interrupted for a certain period of time due to the turbulence that began with the death of Shakhrukh Mirzo (12 March 1447 year). Because like many, Alisher's family had to leave Herat and make their way to Iraq. During this time, the young Alisher will meet with Sharafiddin Ali Yazdi in the city of Taft. After the establishment of the Babur authority in Herat Abulgasim, those who went abroad, including the Alisher family, return to Herat. His father will be at the service of Abulgasim Babur mirzo, temuriyzade. Continue your studies in school while alishertiradi. Alisher not only studies subjects in the official program at school, but also deeply studies poetry, music, history from the mature connoisseurs of his time. Later, Alisher Navoi will honor the names of his Masters in this field at"Majolis un-nafois".Including:

"Darvesh Mansur (vaf. The 887h.- 1482 m.) ... Mevlana Yahya Sebek shagirdi erdi in the midst and industry. He classified two arus ... Fakir (that is, Alisher Navoi) arus under Darvesh."

"Khaja Yusuf Burhan- . He is well aware of his musical knowledge, and the Fakhir (Alisher Navoi) is a musical science .At the same time, he gets acquainted personally or in absentia with the famous poets of his time. For example, Mir writes so that he entered the correspondence with the King (1385-1453:

"I did not see the Fakir (Alisher Navoi)agarchi ani (The King of Mir), but an announcement (informed) and a letter (sending) became a reality among the Fakir". And this was not accidental.Because Alisher, who was well acquainted with the laws of poetry, his poetic ability was also fully manifested, and his poems he wrote fell into his mouth. In this case, neither the 12-13-year-old Alisher poems fell into the eyes of the Mir Kings, nor the correspondence came to the square for no reason.

In the meantime, Alisher's father, vegetable governor Giasiddin Bahadur, will die(approximately in 1454 year). Alisher Abulgasim Babur will remain in the upbringing of Mirzo. And this made it possible for Alisher to continue reading, to get acquainted with new poets and scientists, to enjoy conversations and readings with their participation. Due to the fact that the Abulgasim Babur Mirzo himself was an enlightened, generous and poet, Alisher was taken care of by the fathers in all respects. But not so long ago, when Abulgasim Babur mirzo died in 1457 year, Mirkhond wrote that "Alisher Navoi stood in Mashhad and was engaged in the pursuit of perfection and perfection in the chapter of science". Along with this, he would communicate with scientists and poets, enjoy them and show them care. In particular, Alisher Navoi himself writes:

"Khoja Hasan Khizrshah - ... a good verse erdi the poem..." Zayd and Zaynab "Masnavi say in the alternative of" Layli and Majnun" ... Babur mirzo fovt in Mashhad the last year in ul the city was drowned and the patient fell (the caretaker was not sick). Fakhir (Alisher Navoi) took care of and made a good effort" .

In the time of Alisher Navoi Abusaid Mirzo went from Mashhad to Herot, according to Mirkhond, "he spent several days in the office (service) at the threshold of the Iqbal house (that is, the Palace of Abusaid Mirzo)." Mawlonoïy, Abdurahman Jami, Sayid Hasan Ardasher, Pahlavon had the honor to be in the conversations of Muhammad, to receive his advice. And his poems are increasingly gaining fame. The presence of Alisher Navoi in Herat during the Abusaid period did not last much. At the end of 1465 year, Abusaid mirzo ordered Alisher to become an export (departure) from Herot. Since Alisher Navoi was obliged to fulfill this sentence quickly, he decided to leave for Samarkand, and not to say goodbye to all his friends and teachers, he arrived in this city through Balkhh, Tirmiz, Karshi, Shahrisabz.Alisher Navoi writes about the reason for his arrival in Samarkand:"for the education of the Fakir, Samarkand came from borganda ul (i.e. mawlono Yusuf Art ) Andijandan".

Alisher Navoi bunda lived in the care of the Samarkand ruler Ahmad Hajibek Vafai, studied Arabic, poetry and fiqh for two years under the famous scientist Fazlullah Abulaysi Samarkand; Khoja Ubaydullah - Khoja Ahrari Vali (1404-1490), the bishop of the naqshbandiya sect, enjoyed the sorhbats; with the representatives of the literary environment such as mawlono Riyazi, Shaykhim Suhayli, Mirzobek and his close creative he was in a relationship, took a feat in readings and earned a great reputation. During his stay in Samarkand he wrote poems, composed "Sab'at ul-abhur", a dictionary of Arabic words, finished Masnavi to his father Sayid Hasan Ardaşer, and in the end created the" Hilolia " revenge.