Malla Reddy College of Engineering and Technology (MRCET)
Department of EEE ( 2017-18 )
Electrical Circuits EEE
Link (Chord):
It is that branch of a graph that does not form part of the tree and when included
makes the tree or a part of it a loop. In other words it is simply any branch belonging to the
cotree.
Planar circuit:
A circuit which may be drawn on a plane surface in such a way that no branch
passes above or beneath any other branch.
Non-planar circuit
: Any circuit which is not planar.
The figure below shows a simple three node Graph in figure (a) and four of the eight possible
trees that can be drawn. Note that
Nodes are drawn as dots
Twigs are shown dark
Links are shown dotted
Figure 3: (a) The Graph of a three Node network. (b,c,d,e) Four of the eight different Possible
Trees
Relation between nodes, branches, twigs and links:
Let N=no. of nodes
L= total no. of links
B= total no. of branches
No. of twigs= N-1
Then, L= B-(N-1)
or
L = B − N + 1
There are L branches in the cotree and (N − 1) branches in the tree.
Incidence Matrix (A):
Any oriented graph can be described completely in a compact matrix form. Here we specify the
orientation of each branch in the graph and the nodes at which this branch is incident. This
branch is called incident matrix. When one row is completely
deleted from the matrix the
remaining matrix is called a reduced incidence matrix. Order of incidence matrix is (n*b).
Malla Reddy College of Engineering and Technology (MRCET)
Department of EEE ( 2017-18 )
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