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![](/i/favi32.png) Electrical circuits lecture notes b. Tech5 Electrical CircuitsElectrical Circuits EEE
Important terms in Topology:
Graph:
When all the elements in a network like Resistors, Inductors, Capacitors etc are replaced
by line segments with their end points shown as dots or circles, voltage source with short circuit
and current source with open circuit is called the graph of the network.
Directed (or Oriented) graph:
A graph is said to be directed (or oriented ) when all the nodes
and branches are numbered or direction assigned to the branches by arrow.
Node:
A point at which two or more elements have a common connection.
Degree of Node:
Number of branches incident on it.
Path:
A set of elements that may be traversed in order without passing through the same node
twice.
Branch:
A single path, containing one simple element, or a combination of elements which
connects one node to any other node. A simple line segment with it’s two distinct end points
(Nodes ) represent a branch. It does not indicate anything about the nature of the element/s .
Loop:
A closed path in the oriented graph is called as loop.
Mesh
: A loop which does not contain any other loops within it.
Tree:
It is that part of a Graph with an interconnected open set of branches which include all the
nodes of the given graph. In a tree of the graph there cannot be any closed path.
Properties of a Tree:
(i) It consists of all the nodes of the graph.
(ii) If the graph has N nodes, then the tree has (N-1) branch.
(iii) There will be no closed path in a tree
(iv) There can be many possible different trees for a given graph depending on the no. of nodes
and branches.
Cotree:
Those branches that are not part of the tree form the cotree, or complement of the tree.
The lightly drawn branches in
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