According to modern scientific pedagogy, mental education (Prof. N. Kazimov considers the concept of "mental upbringing" more expedient) means the process of purposeful development of children's mental abilities and thinking and the formation of their worldview. The genius Nizami took a broader approach to this concept, expanded Aristotle's theory of the comprehensive, harmonious development of the individual, and called for the acquisition of deep knowledge. We find the cries of this call in all his poems.