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environs and a few islands being ceded to Italy. Entering into force in February 1921, the
Treaty guarantees no protection for the 500,000 Croats and Slovenes who are subjugated to
the King of Italy, Victor Emmanuel III.
1920 December 30
The Yugoslav government issues the so-called Obznana: the
decree prohibiting all communist activities and introducing police prosecution of the
Communist Party.
1921 June 28
Adoption of the first Yugoslav constitution, confirming
monarchic rule, centralism and unitarism.
1922 October 28
The ‘March on Rome’ installs Benito Mussolini in power.
1923 October 1
Having implemented reforms conceived by Giovanni Gentile,
Italy gradually (by 1927) abolishes all classes taught in Slovene and Croatian. It also
suppresses all cultural, political and economic organizations of the two national minorities.
Slovene is no longer allowed to be used in public.
1927 September
Formation of TIGR (acronym from the following names: Trst,
Istra, Gorica, Reka), a secret national revolutionary organization of Slovenes and Croats
living in Italy that employs arms to fight against assimilation and the incorporation of Slovene
and Croatian territory into Yugoslavia.
1929 January 6
Following the assassination of the leading Croatian politician in
Yugoslav Parliament, Stjepan Radić, King Alexander I of Yugoslavia imposes dictatorship.
1930 September 1-5 First Trieste Trial. The Special Court for State Protection tries
18 members of TIGR. On September 6, four of them are shot near the village of Bazovica.
1934 October 9 Assassination of King Alexander I of Yugoslavia in Marseilles.
Prince Paul of Yugoslavia becomes Regent for the minor King Peter II.
1937 April 18 The Communist Party of Slovenia (KPS) is established in the village of
Čebine.
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1938 March 12-13
German troops enter and annex Austria (the Anschluss).
Carinthian Slovenes subsequently suffer stronger assimilation pressure than they did in the
past.
1938 April 10
With more than 99% of voters in favour of uniting with
Germany, a plebiscite confirms the annexation of Austria.
1941 March 25
Hitler and Prince Paul of Yugoslavia meet in the Berghof and
reach an agreement on Yugoslavia joining the Axis.
1941 March 27
Serbian officers carry out a pro-English military coup in
Belgrade. Prince Paul emigrates. King Peter II, still a minor, accedes to the throne.
1941 April 6
German, Italy, Hungary and Bulgaria invade and occupy
Yugoslavia. Slovenia is divided into German, Italian and Hungarian occupational zones.
1941 April 11
Ustaše leader Ante Pavelić, who organized the assassination of
King Alexander of Yugoslavia, declares the formation of the Independent State of Croatia
(NDH).
1941 April 27 (26), The Liberation Front (OF) is established in Ljubljana, uniting
more than 15 organizations under the leadership of the Communist Party of Slovenia.
1941 May 3
The Province of Ljubljana (Italian occupational zone) is created
by Italy.
1941 May 10 The OF publishes the first issue of its gazette, Slovenski
poročevalec (Slovene Reporter).
1941 July
The OF begins armed resistance and forms its first partisan
units.
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1941 August
The OF establishes the Security Intelligence Service (VOS) run
by the communists, giving rise to “the terror” against collaborators.
1941 November 26 The Communist Party of Yugoslavia (KPJ), led by Secretary
General Josip Broz-Tito, organizes a military and political meeting in Stolice near Krupnje in
Bosnia-Herzegovina, which is also attended by the commander and political commissioner of
the main headquarters of the Slovene partisan army. The meeting adopts the decisions that the
old authorities in the liberated territories should be replaced by new ones. Slovenia is
criticized for its pluralism given the fact the OF concept of resistance differs from that of the
Communist Party, and for lacking large liberated territories (which, however, results from its
specific
geographical
features:
small
surface
and
well-developed
network
of
communications).
1941 October 18
Heinrich Himmler issues the decree on the expulsion of
Slovenes from the border regions along the Sava and Sotla rivers, which gives rise to mass
deportations to camps in Germany, Croatia, Bosnia and Serbia.
1941 November 1
The OF Supreme Council adopts the seven fundamental points
of its program (another two are adopted in December 1941). They are published on 21
January 1942.
1941 November 17 The OF underground radio “Kričač” (The Screamer) broadcasts
its first program in Ljubljana.
1941 November 23 Modeling itself on the OF, the London Committee, a political
body of Slovene politicians in exile, issues the London Points, calling for the unification of
Slovenes in the federal Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
1941 December 2-14 Second Trieste Trial: the Fascist Special Court for State
Protection sentences 60 anti-Fascist members of the Primorska national and communist
movement.
1941 December 12
In Rovte under Mt Blegoš in Upper Carniola, the Cankar
Battalion attacks and defeats a German police patrol (killing 46 policemen). As a result, Hitler
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