Republic of India Livelihoods in intermediate towns



Yüklə 2,26 Mb.
səhifə29/29
tarix30.10.2018
ölçüsü2,26 Mb.
#75897
1   ...   21   22   23   24   25   26   27   28   29

Appendix 6



Non-farm Occupation/Activity Profile Schedule
1. Nature of non-farm activity (brief description):
2. Name of the Owner:

3. Caste / Community: 4. Age: 5. Gender:

6. Education: 7. Marital status:

8. Year of establishment:

9. Number of family members working in the activity:

10. Number of employees / wage / salaried:

11. Amount invested at the time of establishment:

12. Source of funding (ever taken bank loan?):


13. Approximate monthly income:

14. Ownership of the building (Self-owned / rented):

15. Father’s occupation:

16. Primary occupation(s) before starting the activity:

17. Other occupation(s) currently engaged in:
18: Occupations of family members other than father:

19. Agricultural land owned:

20. Motivation for starting current activity/ ups and downs over the past 10 years or so:

21. Perception on economic viabilities in future (plans / success / failures):

22. Perceptions challenges and difficulties / challenges on current occupation:

23. Given the choice would respondent like his / her children to continue with this occupation:


24. Preference for your children:

a. Agriculture

b. Current occupation

c. Business in the town

d. Salaried job

e. Housewife (for daughter)

d. Any other

25. Do you have bank account? Yes No

26. Are you member of any political party (provide details: party/since when):

27. Are you member of any social/cultural/business organization (provide details):



References:


Acharya, S. and A. Mitra. 2000. The Potential of Rural Industries and Trade to Provide Decent Work Conditions: A Data Recommaissance in India, ILO-ARTEP.

Basu, D.N. & Kashyap, S.P., 1992. 'Rural Non-Agricultural Employment in India: Role of Development Process and Rural-Urban Employment Linkages'. Economic and Political Weekly, 27(51/52), pp.A178–A179.

Bell, Clive. Hazell, Peter B. R. and Slade, Roger. 1982. Project Evaluation in Regional Perspective: A Study of an Irrigation Project in Northwest Malasia. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.

Bell, D. & Jayne, M. (eds). 2006. ‘Small Cities: Urban Experience beyond the Metropolis’, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.

Bell, D. & Jayne, M. 2009. 'Small Cities? Towards a Research Agenda'. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 33(3), pp.683–99.

Bhagat, Ram B. 2005. ‘Rural-Urban Classification and Municipal Governance in India’, Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography, 26(1), pp. 61-73.

Bhalla, S. 1989. 'Employment in Indian Agriculture: Retrospect and Prospect'. Social Scientist, 17(5/6), pp.3–21.

Bhalla, S. 1993. ‘The Dynamics of Wages Determination and Employment Generation’, The Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol 48, No 3.

Bhalla, S. 1997. ‘The Rise and Fall of Workforce Diversification Processes in Rural India: A Regional and Sectoral Analysis.’ Centre for Economic Studies and Planning, DSA Working Paper. New Delhi, Jawaharlal Nehru University.

Breman, Jan. 2015. ‘The Village Studied at Close Quarters’, Chapter in Himanshu, Praveen Jha and Gerry Rodgers (Ed), ‘Longitudinal Research in Village India: Methods and Findings’, Oxford University Press. Forthcoming.

Bunnell, T. & A. Maringanti. 2010. ‘Practising urban and regional research beyond metrocentricity’. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 34.2, pp. 415–20.

Chadha, G. K. 1997. ‘Access of Rural Households to Non-Farm Employment: Trends, Constraints and Possibilities’ in G. K. Chadha and Alakh N. Sharma (eds.). Growth, Employment and Poverty: Change and Continuity in Rural India. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House.

Chopra, Radhika., 1995. 'Maps of Experience: Narratives of Migration in an Indian Village'. Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 30. 49, pp. 3156-3162.

Chattaraj, Durba. 2010. “Roadscapes: Everyday Life Along the Rural-urban Continuum in 21st Century India” (Doctoral Dissertation: Yale University).

Das, Arvind N. 1992. The Republic of Bihar. New Delhi: Penguin Books.

___ ___ ___ 1996. Changel: The Biography of a Village. New Delhi: Penguin Books.

Datta, Amrita, Rodgers, G., Rodgers, J. & Singh, B.K.N. 2012, A tale of two villages: contrasts in development in Bihar, Working paper no. 5, IHD Working Paper Series edn, Institute for Human Development.

Datta, Amrita. 2014. ‘Strangers in the City? Rural Bihari Migrants in Delhi’ Unpublished paper

Denis, E. & Marius-Gnanou, Kamala. 2011. ‘Towards a Better Appraisal of Urbanization in India: A Fresh Look at the Landscape of Morphological Agglomerates’ Working Paper series 2. CSH, New Delhi.

Denis, E., Mukhopadhyay, P. & Marie-hélène, Z., 2012. 'Subaltern Urbanisation in India'. Economic and Political Weekly, XLVII(30), pp.52–61.

Deshingkar, P., Kumar, S. & Chobey, H.K., 2006. 'The Role of Migration and Remittances in Promoting Livelihoods in Bihar'. pp.1–48.

Deuchar, Andrew (2014). All Dressed Up with Nowhere to Go: Transitions to (Un) Employment for Lower Middle Class Young Andrew Men. Vol - XLIX No. 17, April 26: 104-11.

Dev, S.M., 2000. 'Economic Reforms, Poverty, Income Distribution and Employment'. Economic and Political Weekly, 35(10), pp.823–835.

Dev, S.M., 1990. 'New-Agricultural Employment in Rural India: Evidence at a Disaggregate Level'. Economic and Political Weekly, 25(28), pp.1526–1536.

Dupont, V. 2007. ‘Conflicting Stakes and Governance in the Peripheries of Large Indian Metropolises: An Introduction’. Institute of Research Development, 24(2), pp.89–94.

Epstein, S. 1973. South India: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow. Mysore Villages Revisited. London: Macmillan

Fan, S. Hazell, P. & Thorat, S. 2000. 'Government Spending, Growth and Poverty in Rural India'. American Journal of Agricultural Economics, 82(4), pp.1038–1051.

Gill, Indermit. 1984. 'Migrant Labour: A Mirror Survey of Jullunder and East Champaran'. Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 19, No. 24/25, pp. 961-64

Harriss, John and Jeyaranjan, J. 2014. ‘Rural Tamil Nadu in the Liberalisation Era: What Do We Learn from Village Studies?’, ISAS Working Paper 183, National University of Singapore.

Hazell, Peter. B. & Haggblade, Steven. 1991. ‘Rural-Urban Growth Linkages in India.’ Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 46(4):515-529.

Hazell, P. & Ramasamy, P. 1991. Green Revolution Reconsidered. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.

Hazell, P. & Thorat, S.K., 2000. 'Impact of Public Expenditure on Poverty in Rural India'. Economic and Political Weekly, 35(40), pp.3581–3588.

Heyer, J. 2013. ‘Integration into a Global Production Network: Impacts on Labour in Tiruppur’s Hinterlands’, Oxford Development Studies, 41, 3: 307-21

Himanshu (2011): “Employment Trends in India: A Re-examination”, Economic and Political Weekly, September 10.

Himanshu (2014) ‘Rural Non-Farm Employment In India: Trends, Patterns And Regional Dimensions’. Unpublished paper.

Himanshu, Praveen Jha and Gerry Rodgers (ed) (2015): ‘Longitudinal Research in Village India: Methods and Findings’, Oxford University Press, Forthcoming

Irz, X. et. al., 2001. 'Agricultural Productivity Growth and Poverty Alleviation'. Development Policy Review, 19(4), pp.449–466.

Jha, Praveen and Thakur Avanindra N. 2015. ‘Thirty Years On: Work and Well-being in Rural Bihar’ Chapter in Himanshu, Praveen Jha and Gerry Rodgers (Ed), ‘Longitudinal Research in Village India: Methods and Findings’, New Delhi: Oxford University Press. Forthcoming.

Jeffrey, Craig. 2010. Timepass: Youth, Class, and the Politics of Waiting in India Stanford, Stanford University Press

Jodhka, S. S. 2002. 'Caste and Untouchability in Rural Punjab'. Economic and Political Weekly, pp.1813–1823.

Jodhka, S.S. 2010. 'Dalits in Business : Self-Employed Scheduled Castes in North-West India'. Economic and Political Weekly, XLV(11), pp.41–48.

Jodhka, S. S. 2014. “Emergent Ruralities: Revisiting Village Life and Rural Change in Haryana”, Economic and Political Weekly 49(26 & 27), 5-17

Kumar, A. Kumar, Sant. Singh, Dhiraj, K. & Shivajee. 2011. 'Rural Employment Diversification in India: Trends, Determinants and Implications on Poverty'. Agricultural Economics Research Review, 24, pp.361–372.

Kumar, S. et. al., 2010. 'Representation, Resistance and Identity: The Musahars of Middle Gangetic Plain'. In Federique Apffel-Margalin, S. Kumar and A. Misra, (ed.), Interrogating Development: Insights from the Margins, New Delhi: OUP, pp.150-175.

Kundu, A. & Bhatia, S. 2002. Management of Social Transformations, France: Most Programme, UNESCO.

Lanjouw, J. O. & Lanjouw, P. 2001. 'The Rural Non-farm Sector: Issues and Evidence from Developing Countries'. Agricultural Economics, 26, pp.1–23.

Dupont, V., 2007. Conflicting Stakes and Governance in the Peripheries of Large Indian Metropolises–An Introduction. Institute of Research Development, 24(2), pp.89–94

Lanjouw, P. & Murgai, R., 2010. Urban Growth and Rural Poverty in India, The World Bank draft.

Lindberg, Staffan. 2012. ‘Rural India 1970-2005: An Arduous Transition to What?’ Indian Journal of Labour Economics, 55(1).

Malawe, P., Parshuramkar, S. & Soor, M. 2010. 'Participation of Rural Women in Income Generation Activities of the Family'. J. Soils and Corps, 20(1), pp.128–132.

Mehta, M. 2014. Neither of the hills nor of the city: Glimpses of peri-urban lives in a time of rapid change. Dehradun: Doon Library and Research Centre

Murthya, P. S. S. & Indumati, S., 2011. 'Economic Analysis of MGNREGA in the Drought-prone States of Karnataka, Rajasthan and Irrigation-dominated State of Andhra Pradesh'. Agricultural Economics Research Review, 24, pp.531–536.

Nijman, J., 2012. 'India’s Urban Challenge'. Eurasian Geography and Economics, 53(1), pp.7–20.

Otsuka, K., Estudillo, J.P. & Yamano, T., 'The Role of Labor Markets and Human Capital in Poverty Reduction: Evidence from Asia and Africa'. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development, 7(1), pp.23–40.

Papola, T. S. 1992. ‘Rural Non-Farm Employment: An Assessment of Recent Trends’, The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, 35(3)

Prasad, Pradhan H., Gerry Rodgers, Alakh N. Sharma et al, 1988: The dynamics of employment and poverty in Bihar. Patna, A.N. Sinha Institute of Social Studies and International labour Organisation.

Prasad, S. 2007. 'Involvement of Rural Women in Agriculture and Household Activities'. Journal of Applied Biology, 17(1-2), pp.83–87.

Radhakrishna, R. 2002. 'Agricultural Growth , Employment and Poverty: A Policy Perspective'. Economic and Political Weekly, 37(3), pp.243–245+247–250.

Rao, C. H. H. 1972. 'Farm Mechanisation in Economy a Labour-Abundant Economy'. Economic and Political Weekly, 7(5/7), pp.393+395–397+399–400.

Radhakrishna, R. 2002. 'Agricultural Growth , Employment and Poverty: A Policy Perspective'. Economic and Political Weekly, 37(3), pp.243–245+247–250.

Raman, Bhuvaneshwari. 2014. ‘Patterns and Practices of Special Transformation in Non-Metros: The Case of Tiruchengode’, Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. XLIX (22), pp. 46-54.

Rao, C. H. H. 1972. 'Farm Mechanisation in Economy a Labour-Abundant Economy'. Economic and Political Weekly, 7(5/7), pp.393+395–397+399–400.

Rawal, V. Swaminathan M. and Dhar, Niladri S. 2008. ‘On Diversification of Rural Incomes: A View from Three Villages of Andhra Pradesh’, Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Vol. 51, No. 2, 2008.

Reardon, T. n.d. 'Rural Non-Farm Income in Developing Countries'. Paper Prepared for the FAO.

Rodgers, Gerry. Mishra, Sunil K. and Sharma, Alakh N. 2015. ‘Four decades of village studies and surveys in Bihar’, Chapter in Himanshu, Praveen Jha and Gerry Rodgers (Ed), ‘Longitudinal Research in Village India: Methods and Findings’, New Delhi: Oxford University Press. Forthcoming.

Roy, A., 2011. 'Slumdog Cities: Rethinking Subaltern Urbanism'. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 35(2), pp.223–38.

Rodgers, G., and Rodgers, J. 2011, Inclusive development? Migration, governance and social change in rural Bihar. Economic and Political Weekly, vol. 46, no. 23, pp 43-50.

Rodgers, G., Datta, A., Rodgers, J., Mishra, S.K. & Sharma, A.N. 2013, The challenge of inclusive development in rural Bihar, New Delhi: Institute for Human Development and Manak Publications.

Saith, Ashwani and Tankha, Ajay. 1992. ‘Longitudinal Analysis of Structural Change in a North Indian Village: 1970-1987’, Working paper no. 128, Institute of Social Studies, The Hague.

Shariff, A. & Lanjouw, P., 2004. 'Rural Non-Farm Employment in India: Access, Incomes and Poverty Impact'. Economic and Political Weekly, 39(40), pp. 4429–4446.

Sharma, A. & Bhaduri, A. 2009. 'The “Tipping Point” in Indian Agriculture: Understanding the Withdrawal of the Indian Rural Youth'. Asian Journal of Agriculture and Development, 6(1), pp.83–97.

Sharma, A. N. 1997. People on the Move: Nature and the Implications of Migration in a Backward Economy. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House.

Sharma, A. N., 2005. ‘Agrarian Relations and Socio-Economic Change in Bihar’. Economic and Political Weekly, 40(10). pp. 960-72.

Sharma, Mukul. 2012. 'The Untouchable Present: Everyday Life of Mushahars in North Bihar'. In S. S. Jodhka (ed.), Village Society, New Delhi: Orient Blackswan Private Limited. pp. 93-102.

Singh, G.P., Singh, J. & Singh, S.K., 2009. 'Income and Employment Structure on Tribes and Non-tribes Farms in Vidhayan zone of Uttar Pradesh'. Pantnagar Journal of Research, 7(1), pp.7–12.

Singh, Sukhpal and Bhogal, Shruti. 2014. ‘Depeasantization in Punjab: status of farmers who left farming’, Current Science, vol. 106, no. 10, 25 May 2014.

Sivakumar, P. & Sundaravaradarajan, K.R., 2008. 'Agricultural Labour viz-a-viz Rural Urban Linkages'. Ag. Update, 3(1 & 2), pp.111–114.

Srinivas, M. N. 1976. The Remembered Village. New Delhi: OUP

Srivastava, Ravi. 2015. ‘Assessing Change: Land, Labour and Employment in an Eastern UP Village, 1994-2012’, Chapter in Himanshu, Praveen Jha and Gerry Rodgers (Ed), ‘Longitudinal Research in Village India: Methods and Findings’, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, Forthcoming.

Thakur, J. et. al. 2001. 'Rural Income Distribution and Poverty in Bihar: Insights from Village Studies'. Economic and Political Weekly, 35(52/53), pp.4657–4663.

Unni, J. 1991. 'Regional Variations in Rural Non-Agricultural Employmsent: An Exploratory Analysis'. Economic and Political Weekly, 26(3), pp.109–122.

Unni, J., 1998. 'Non-Agricultural Employment and Poverty in Rural India: A Review of Evidence'. Economic and Political Weekly, 33(13), pp.36–44.

Vatta, K. and Garg, B. R. 2008. ‘Rural Non-farm Sector in Punjab: Pattern and Access to Employment and Income’, Indian Journal of Agricultural Economics, Vol. 63, No. 2, 2008.

Vatta, K. and Sidhu, R. S. 2007. ‘Income Diversification among Rural Households in Punjab: Dynamics, Impacts and Policy Implications’, Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Vol. 50, No. 4, October–December 2007.

Visaria, Pravin and Rakesh Basant 1994. Non-Agricultural Employment in India: Trends and Prospects, New Delhi: Sage Publications

Vyas, V.S. & Mathai, G., 1978. 'Farm and Non-Farm Employment in Rural Areas: A Perspective for Planning'. Economic and Political Weekly, 13(6), pp. 333+335+337+339+341+343+345+347.

Wiggings, S. & Hazell, P. 2011. 'Access to Rural Non-farm Employment and Enterprise Development'. Background Paper for the IFAD Rural Poverty Report.

Wiser, W. and C. Wiser. 1971. Behind Mud Walls, 1930-60. Berkeley, Los Angeles: University of California Press.




1 Government of Bihar. Economic Survey 2013-14. Pp. 4-7.

2 http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/sereport/ser/stdy_nfeco.pdf. Accessed March 11 2015.

3 Government of India, indiabudget.nic.in/es2013-14/echap-01.pdf. accessed on March 16, 2015.

4 Bihar’s economy grew at 11.4 percent as compared to the national average of 8.2 percent.

5 This visit was in company of Partha Mukhopadhya of the Centre for Policy Research, New Delhi

6 However, elderly men may choose to go for agricultural wage labour in the village. Therefore the constitution of the agricultural labour force in the villages is not only determined by gender, it is also determined by age. Once men have returned to the village, having migrated previously, and consider themselves old enough to not seek work actively on a regular basis, some of them choose to do agricultural wage labour.

7 An exception to women’s marginal participation in the non-farm economy through traditional caste-based occupations is the case of the Madhubani painters. Women constitute the bulk of Madhubani painters, the sale of which has taken on the form of a family business – with mostly women involved in painting and men involved organizing sale and exhibitions (See Qualitative Information: Case Study C II)

8 Brief description of the social engineering and caste categories under Nitish Kumar.

Yüklə 2,26 Mb.

Dostları ilə paylaş:
1   ...   21   22   23   24   25   26   27   28   29




Verilənlər bazası müəlliflik hüququ ilə müdafiə olunur ©genderi.org 2024
rəhbərliyinə müraciət

    Ana səhifə