Review of the eu biodiversity strategy to 2020

Yüklə 1,36 Mb.

səhifə	6/32
tarix	30.10.2018
ölçüsü	1,36 Mb.
	#75894
növü	Review

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ... 32

A Draft Program for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries 2014–2020 was elaborated in 2013.

Action 14a & 14b: Adverse impacts on fish stocks, species, habitats and ecosystems

The National Program for the Sustainable Development of Fish Resources 2008– 2013 includes general measures for conservation, restoration and protection of resources and provides the basis for developing annual programs to support sustainable fish populations and research activities, ensuring effective management of fish resources. Its activities are focused in the following two directions with the corresponding results:

The control on unregulated fishing, the use of illegal tools of fishing and illegal seizure of natural resources in water bodies is improved;
Restocking and other activities have been conducted in order to support and maintain stable populations of fish and other aquatic organisms that are consistent with the results from the research on their state.

In terms of fishing restrictions each year a ban on catching fish and other aquatic organisms is being imposed. The restrictions are year-round or during the breeding season of the species in the Black Sea, the Danube and the inland waters in order to protect biodiversity and create conditions for natural reproduction of the populations. A long-term ban on sturgeon fishing is introduced because its populations are in a critical condition – the fishing of the following species is forbidden in Bulgarian waters of the Danube and Black Sea: Acipenser guеldenstaedtii, A. ruthenus, A. stellatus and Huso huso for a period of 4 years from 01/01/2012 (Order, MAF, 20/01/2012). Due to the highly reduced stocks of turbot in the Black Sea the annual catch quotas for the species identified by the Council of the EU for the period 2009–2013 have been reduced from 50 tons to 43.2 tons (in 2009 – 50 tons; 2010 – 48 tons; 2011–2013 – 43.2 tons). Restocking activities in the Danube and other inland rivers were conducted according to the Program in the period 2009–2010 and data are shown in Table 13. After 2010 due to lack of funding the implementation of the Program has been stopped.
Table 13. Restocking of the Danube and the inland rivers until 01/02/2010 within the National Program for the Sustainable Development of Fish Resources 2008–2013 (Source: EAFA).

Species	Average single weight (grams)		Quantity (number of individuals)
Acipenser guеldenstaedtii		4		10 000
Huso huso		5		5400
Cyprinus carpio		30–40		750 000
Cyprinus carpio		500		15 000
Ctenopharingodon idella		70–100		60 000
Hypophthalmichthys molitrix		70–100		20 000
Salmo trutta fario		0.3–0.5		1 300 000
Salvelinus fontinalis		1		200 000
Silurus glanis		3		75 000
Silurus glanis		100		20 000
Sander lucioperca		100		22 000

The National Plan for the Protection of the Most Important Wetlands in Bulgaria 2013–2022 provisions a horizontal measure that should be implemented at national level: 71 Control of poaching. Initially, the measure was considered as a specific measure for certain areas, but because of the national dimension of the phenomenon it is finally formulated on a nationwide level. A number of projects have been launched and implemented in order to collect relevant data and support the conservation and management of fish resources. Trawl photos were made in the period 2009–2010 for stock assessment of turbot along the Bulgarian coast of the Black Sea. Trawl photos and stock assessment of turbot in Black Sea Community waters (Bulgaria and Romania) were done in the period 2010–2013. A pilot study on the use of sonar method for the inventory of the resources and distribution of pelagic fish species in certain areas of the Bulgarian and the Romanian coast of the Black Sea Community waters was implemented in 2010. A stock assessment of pelagic fish in Community waters applying the same method was carried out in 2011. Biological and population parameters of economically valuable fish and non-fish resources in the Bulgarian Black Sea coast were measured in the period 2010–2013. To support the implementation of the Action Plan for Sturgeons in the Bulgarian Waters of the Danube River and Black Sea (2004) was launched a project financed by the Operational Programme “Environment 2007–2013” – Implementation of activities of the Action Plan for Sturgeons to improve the status and protect sturgeons in Bulgaria (2012– 2015). The main objective of the project is the conservation of sturgeons in the Bulgarian section of the Danube and improvement of their conservation status by implementing direct conservation measures to strengthen their populations. Among its objectives is the improvement of the existing legal regulations and recommendations for updating the Plan.
The field studies cover the real breeding habitats, providing a minimum population size for the survival of the species and restoring the natural reproduction, development of tripartite management measures to ensure the reproduction of sturgeon, creating an electronic database and online portal for sturgeon. Bulgaria participates in the project Joint efforts to raise awareness on the overexploitation of the sturgeons populations in the Danube in Romania and Bulgaria (2012– 2015) financed by Life+ Program. The project aims to stop the exploitation of the critically endangered sturgeon species in the Danube River in the region of Bulgaria and Romania and to ensure long-term survival of these species and preserving their natural and high economic value. Bulgaria participates in the Danube Sturgeon Task Force (DSTF) network, and in developing programs for the conservation and restoration of the sturgeon in the Danube “Sturgeon 2020” under the Strategy for the Danube Region.

EU Target or Action

EU Target 5

A National Strategy and Action Plan for the invasive alien species in Bulgaria need to be elaborated. In the National Report on the State and Protection of the Environment (2012, ExEA) is published a list of invasive and potentially invasive plants, animals and fungi in Bulgaria, but the data are based on studies carried out until 2006. Moreover, these lists are not regularly updated. Measures to mitigate the impact of invasive species are embedded in some sectoral plans and programs. With the active participation of Bulgaria was established the East and South European Network on Invasive Alien Species (ESENIAS, www.esenias.org). The aim of the network is to create a single information portal to facilitate access and exchange of information, identification of new invasive species, assessment and risk management, monitoring and control of the established species, and to enhance cooperation between the institutions, and experts from Southeast Europe working in this field. So far, 12 countries have joined the network.
Within ESENIAS and the International Association for Danube Research (IAD) the project Potential Threats to Sustainable Development in the Danube and Black Sea Region: the Danube – a Corridor of Invasive Alien Species (2012–2017) is carried out. The Bulgarian part of the river is/will be monitored each year during the project.

EU Target or Action

EU Target 6

Action 17c: Drivers of biodiversity loss

Sustainable use of natural resources is envisaged in the Strategy for Development of Research at Sofia University “St. Kilment Ohridski” (2009-2014)

The environment assessment of OP “Regional Development 2007-2013” shows that the measures envisaged support projects that provide implementation of : technology and know-how that does not threaten the environment; water, energy and material saving technologies; creation of green systems subordinated with the existing landscape categories; limitation of dust emission, noise and vibration; compliance with recreation norms and the status of the territory in projects related to the development of tourism and sustainable tourism is preferred, e.g. cultural tourism, ecotourism, rural tourism, spa, etc.
The National Plan for the Protection of the Most Important Wetlands in Bulgaria 2013-2022, envisages the introduction of economic mechanisms for the protection of wetlands, inventory and valuation of ecosystem services, introduction of the compensatory mechanisms for the sustainable management of Natura 2000 areas, agro-ecological and aqua-environmental measures in the operational programs for the period 2014-2020, supporting private investments by introducing mechanisms for payment for ecosystems services (direct payments “business-business” or “state-business” subsidies).

Action 18a: Resources for global biodiversity conservation

For the period 2009–2013, Bulgaria implemented policies to increase financial flows and co- financing for projects pertaining to the conservation and sustainable use of biological diversity. The main financial mechanisms used are OPs, Life+ Programme of the EU, 7th Framework Programme of the EU, the Norwegian Programme, UNDP, FM EEA, Scientific Research Fund, Environmental Protection Fund, etc.
The following financial resources are reported now:

The state budget

NGOs and private donors have reported 538 395 Euro spent for the period 2012–2013.

Action 20: Access to genetic resources and sharing of benefits

Bulgaria fulfils its commitments to the Nagoya Protocol.

At administration level the following is implemented:

Meetings with stakeholders in relation to the necessary coordination at national level for the implementation of subsequent obligations;
_R_e_view_of_e_x_is_t_ing_n_a_t_i_on_a_l_l_e_g_is_l_a_t_i_{on in}_t_he_f_ield_{of g}_e_n_e_t_i_c_r_e_sour_c_e_s;
Participation in the first meeting of the Intergovernmental Committee for genetic resources in Montreal, 2011;
Participation in the expert meetings of the European Union on issues related to signing, ratification and further implementation of the Protocol.

At the administrative level needs:

To continue the consultations with all research institutes, holders of gene banks;
To formulate the inter-institutional mechanism and to organize relevant meetings, consultations, identification and appointment of competent authorities for the implementation of the Protocol;
To share the degree of responsibility of the relevant national institutions (MOEW, MAF, Patent Office) and their regional structures;
_To_e_{stablish c}_hec_kpoin_t_s_a_{nd mon}_i_{tor the}_use_o_f_g_e_n_e_t_i_c_re_sou_r_ce_s;
To amend the national legislation so that the Nagoya Protocol can be effectively implemented;
_To_r_a_t_if_y_the_N_a_g_o_y_a_P_r_o_tocol_a_nd_p_re_s_e_nt_a_s_e_t_of_do_c_uments_to_the_S_ec_r_e_ta_r_iat_of_theCBD;
Create an information mechanism under the Protocol to the existing Clearing House
Mechanism to the Convention (http://chm.moew.government.bg).

At scientific level is expected:

Inventory and cataloguing of genetic resources in the country, development of methodologies and technologies for their conservation and sustainable use;
Review and use of existing information and documentation in order to prepare new documents, certificates, contracts to support the management authorities;
Scientific papers, studies, databases, maps, visual and video information, environmental and biological descriptions responding to the administrative needs at different stages after the ratification;
Development of scientific criteria for valuation of genetic resources in the country.

At the business level are expected:

Integration of the requirements set by the Protocol in the activities and business practices associated with genetic resources;
Financial support and participation together with the administration and scientific institutions in the assessment and valuation of genetic resources in the country;

Integration of conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in the corporate activities.

Yüklə 1,36 Mb.

Dostları ilə paylaş: