Genetikadan masalalar to‘plami va ularni echish usullari

98-masala. G‘o‘za o‘simligida gulyonbarglarning yuraksimon shakli (Fg) ingichka shakli (fg) ustidan to‘liq, barg plastinkasining panjasimon-kesik (O_l) shakli panjasimon-bo‘linma (o_l) shakli ustidan to‘liqsiz, o‘simlikning antotsian rangi (Rp) yashil rangi (rp) ustidan to‘liqsiz dominantlik qiladi.
Gulyonbarglari yuraksimon shaklda bo‘lgan, barg plastinkasi oddiy – panjasimon-bo‘linmali, yashil rangli g‘o‘za o‘simliklari gulyonbarglari ingichka shaklda bo‘lgan, barg plastinkasi panjasimon-kesik shaklli, antotsian rangli boshqa g‘o‘za o‘simliklari bilan chatishtirilib olingan F₁ duragaylari gulyonbarglarining yuraksimon shakli, barg plastinkasining panjasimon-bo‘lakli, oraliq rangli bo‘lishi bilan xarakterlanadi. F₁ duragaylarini o‘z-o‘zi bilan changlantirib olingan F₂ duragaylarida qanday ajralish sodir bo‘ladi?


99-masala*. G‘o‘za o‘simligida cheklanmagan hosil shoxi (S) cheklangan hosil shoxi (s) ustidan, changlarning to‘q sariq rangi (P₁) och sariq rangi (p₁) ustidan to‘liq dominantlik qiladi. O‘simlikning antotsian rangi (R^v_st) yashil rangi (r^v_st) ustidan to‘liqsiz dominantlik qiladi.
CHeklanmagan hosil shoxli, changlari och sariq, o‘simliklari yashil rangda bo‘lgan g‘o‘zalar hosil shoxi cheklangan, changlari to‘q sariq, o‘simliklari antotsian bo‘lgan g‘o‘zalar bilan chatishtirilib, F₁ da cheklanmagan hosil shoxli, changlari to‘q sariq, o‘simliklari oraliq rangda bo‘lgan duragaylar olindi. F₁ duragaylarini o‘z-o‘ziga changlantirib olingan ikkinchi avlod (F₂) duragaylarida o‘rganilayotgan belgilar bo‘yicha ajralish kuzatilgan. F₂ da hosil bo‘ladigan genotipik va fenotipik sinflarni aniqlang.
Masalaning echilishi:
Belgi Gen
CHeklanmagan hosil shoxi S
CHeklangan hosil shoxi s
CHanglarning to‘q sariq rangi P₁
CHanglarning och sariq rangi p₁
O‘simliklarning antotsian rangi R^v_st
O‘simliklarning yashil rangi r^v_st

cheklanmagan hosil shoxli, cheklangan hosil shoxli,

changlari och sariq, changlari to‘q sariq,
o‘simlik yashil rangli o‘simlik antotsian rangli
P ♀ SS p₁p₁ r^v_str^v_st X ♂ ss P₁P₁ R^v_stR^v_st
g S p₁r^v_st s P₁ R^v_st
F₁ SsP₁p₁R^v_str^v_st - cheklanmagan hosil shoxli, changlari to‘q sariq , o‘simlik oraliq rangli

cheklanmagan hosil shoxli, cheklanmagan hosil shoxli,

changlari to‘q sariq, changlari to‘q sariq,
o‘simlik oraliq rangli o‘simlik oraliq rangli
P ♀ Ss P₁p₁ R^v_str^v_st X ♂ Ss P₁p₁ R^v_str^v_st
g SP₁R^v_st SP₁R^v_st
SP₁r^v_st SP₁r^v_st
Sp₁R^v_st Sp₁R^v_st
sP₁R^v_st sP₁R^v_st
Sp₁r^v_st Sp₁r^v_st
sP₁r^v_st sP₁r^v_st
sp₁R^v_st sp₁R^v_st
sp₁r^v_st sp₁r^v_st
F₂ 1. SSP₁P₁R^v_stR^v_st = 1 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, antotsian rang
2. SSP₁P₁R^v_str^v_st = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, oraliq rang
3. SSP₁p₁R^v_str^v_st = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, antotsian rang
4. SsP₁P₁R^v_stR^v_st = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, antotsian rang
5. SsP₁p₁R^v_stR^v_st = 4 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, antotsian rang
6. SsP₁P₁R^v_str^v_st = 4 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, oraliq rang
7. SSP₁p₁R^v_str^v_st = 4 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, oraliq rang
8. SsP₁p₁R^v_str^v_st = 8 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, oraliq rang
9. SSP₁P₁r^v_str^v_st = 1 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, yashil rang
10. SSP₁p₁r^v_str^v_st = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, yashil rang
11. SsP₁P₁r^v_str^v_st = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, yashil rang
12. SsP₁p₁r^v_str^v_st = 4 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, yashil rang
13. SSp₁p₁R^v_stR^v_st = 1 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang och sariq, antotsian rang
14. SSp₁p₁R^v_str^v_st = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang och sariq, oraliq rang
15. Ssp₁p₁R^v_stR^v_st = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang och sariq, antotsian rang
16. Ssp₁p₁R^v_str^v_st = 4 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang och sariq, oraliq rang
17. ssP₁P₁R^v_stR^v_st =1 cheklangan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, antotsian rang
18. ssP₁p₁R^v_stR^v_st = 2 cheklangan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, antotsian rang
19. ssP₁P₁R^v_str^v_st = 2 cheklangan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, oraliq rang
20. ssP₁p₁R^v_str^v_st = 4 cheklangan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, oraliq rang
21. SSp₁p₁r^v_str^v_st = 1 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang och sariq, yashil rang
22. Ssp₁p₁r^v_str^v_st = 2 cheklanmagan shoxl., chang och sariq, yashil rang
23. ssP₁P₁r^v_str^v_st = 1 cheklangan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, yashil rang
24. ssP₁p₁r^v_str^v_st = 2 cheklangan shoxl., chang to‘q sariq, yashil rang
25. ssp₁p₁R^v_stR^v_st = 1 cheklangan shoxl., chang och sariq, antotsian rang
26. ssp₁p₁R^v_str^v_st = 2 cheklangan shoxl., chang och sariq, oraliq rang
27. ssp₁p₁r^v_str^v_st = 1 cheklangan shoxl., chang och sariq, yashil rang.

F₂ dagi fenotipik sinflar:

1. cheklanmagan shoxlanishli, changi to‘q sariq, antotsian rangli - 9
2. cheklanmagan shoxlanishli, changi to‘q sariq, oraliq rangli - 18
3. cheklanmagan shoxlanishli, changi to‘q sariq, yashil rangli - 9
4. cheklanmagan shoxlanishli, changi och sariq, antotsian rangli - 3
5. cheklanmagan shoxlanishli, changi och sariq, oraliq rangli - 6
6. cheklanmagan shoxlanishli, changi och sariq, yashil rangli - 3
7. cheklangan shoxlanishli, changi to‘q sariq, antotsian rangli - 3
8. cheklangan shoxlanishli, changi to‘q sariq, oraliq rangli - 6
9. cheklangan shoxlanishli, changi to‘q sariq, yashil rangli - 3
10. cheklangan shoxlanishli, changi och sariq, antotsian rangli - 1
11. cheklangan shoxlanishli, changi och sariq, oraliq rangli - 2
12. cheklangan shoxlanishli, changi och sariq, yashil rangli - 1
Ikkita belgi bo‘yicha to‘liq dominantlik va bitta belgi bo‘yicha to‘liqsiz dominantlik holatida 12 ta fenotipik sinflar hosil bo‘ladi. Ularning nisbati 9:18:9:3:6:3:3:6:3:1:2:1. Genotipik sinflar soni 27 ta.