vii
TABLE DES MATIÈRES
BOX
and
TABLES
........................................................................................................
ix
BOX and TABLES ........................................................................................................ix
ABSTRACT
...................................................................................................................
xi
ABSTRACT...................................................................................................................xi
INTRODUCTION
........................................................................................................
13
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 13
1.
IDENTIFICATION OF FOCI
:
GOVERNANCE AND DEMOCRACY IN EUROPE
................. 17
1.1. Normative and Analytical Discourses on Governance ......................................... 20
1.2. Corporate Governance and Managerial Governance ............................................ 24
1.3. Corporatism, Pro-Growth-Regimes and Welfare Governance ............................. 24
2.
THEORIES OF GOVERNANCE
:
POWER
,
EXCLUSION AND INCLUSIVENESS
................. 27
2.1. Coordination, Organisation and Domination ........................................................ 27
2.2. Main Mechanisms of Social Exclusion ................................................................ 27
2.3. Possibilities for Socially Creative Strategies ........................................................ 31
3.
CASE STUDIES CONCERNING SOCIALLY CREATIVE STRATEGIES
............................. 37
3.1. The Territorial Employment Pacts in Spain ......................................................... 37
3.2. Porto Alegre.......................................................................................................... 40
3.3. Tower Colliery: Nurturing Alternative Space ...................................................... 43
3.4. The Janus Face of Urban Governance in Denmark .............................................. 46
3.4.1. Political Ambivalences – Summing up .................................................. 47
3.4.2. Conflicting Agendas and Lack of Cross Scale Strategies
and
Linkages
..........................................................................................
47
3.4.3. New government – New ideology – New policy ................................... 48
3.5. Governance and Democracy: A Reflexion
Inspired by the Quebec
Experience ............................................................................................................ 48
3.5.1. Preliminary Considerations .................................................................... 49
3.5.2. Governance: An Analytical or a Normative Concept? ........................... 50
3.5.3. The Transformation of Governance: Erosion or Reorganisation
of Citizenship, Welfare State, and Democracy? ..................................... 51
3.5.4. Is Democracy a Political or Socioeconomic Concept? ........................... 52
3.5.5. The Transformation of Governance in Businesses ................................. 53
3.5.6. Governance and Social Inclusion at the Local and Regional Levels...... 54
3.5.7. The Case of Quebec ............................................................................... 54
viii
3.5.8. Conclusion .............................................................................................. 55
3.6. Tower Colliery: Nurturing Alternative Space ...................................................... 56
3.6.1. Context ................................................................................................... 56
3.6.2. Spatial Consequences of Ownership ...................................................... 56
3.6.3. Space in the Market ................................................................................ 58
3.6.4. The Space of Resource Allocation ......................................................... 58
3.6.5. ‘Culture-change’ in Cooperative Organisational Space ......................... 59
3.6.6. Space and Alternative Spaces ................................................................. 60
3.7. Relations to other existential fields ....................................................................... 61
4.
BOTTOM
-
UP CREATIVE AND SOCIALLY INNOVATIVE INITIATIVES
......................... 63
4.1. Consensus and Deviant Mainstreaming ................................................................ 63
4.2. Socially Creative Strategies, Participatory
Governance and
Socio-economic Citizenship ................................................................................. 66
5.
DIMENSIONS OF MULTI
-
LEVEL GOVERNANCE AND SOCIALLY
CREATIVE STRATEGIES
(SCS) ............................................................................... 69
6.
METHODOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS
........................................................................... 73
CONCLUSION
............................................................................................................
75
CONCLUSION ............................................................................................................ 75
BIBLIOGRAPHIE
.......................................................................................................
77
BIBLIOGRAPHIE ....................................................................................................... 77