| Institutional Review Board Statement:
Not applicable.
Informed Consent Statement:
Not applicable.
Data Availability Statement:
Not applicable.
Conflicts of Interest:
The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Appendix A. Describing Data
Table A1.
Data used at the bank level from 2011 to 2016.
Variable Type
Variable Name
Variable Symbol
Variable Calculation Method
Bank data used in the
explained variable
The return on total assets
ROA
From Wind Economic Database
The ratio of capital to assets
CAR
From Wind Economic Database
The standard deviation of the
return on total assets
SDROA
From Wind Economic Database
Bank data used in the
Intermediary
variables
Management ability
Governance
ln (governance fees)
Bank competition intensity
HHI
Regional Herfindahl index
Household propensity to save
PSaving
Total savings of local residents/district
population
Bank data used in the
core explanatory
variable
Capital adequacy ratio
CAR
Net bank capital/risk-weighted assets
×
100
Capital adequacy ratio
CAR
Net bank capital/risk-weighted assets
×
100
Net operating margin
Netprf
Net profit/operating revenues
×
100
Cost-to-income ratio
CIR
Operating cost/operating revenue
×
100
Proportion of non-interest income
NIRR
Non-interest income/operating revenue
×
100
Proportion of non-interest income
NIRR
Non-interest income/operating revenue
×
100
Liquidity of funds
SAR
Bank balance/total bank assets
×
100
Risks
2021
,
9
, 99
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