MTD
www.mtddergisi.com
ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ TASARIM VE MİMARLIK DERGİSİ
Ocak / Şubat / Mart / Nisan 2017 Sayı: 10 Kış - İlkbahar
INTERNATIONALREFEREEDJOURNAL OF DESIGNANDARCHITECTURE
January / February / March / April 2017 Issue: 10 Winter – Spring
ID:121 K:205
ISSN Print: 2148-8142 Online: 2148-4880
(ISO 18001-OH-0090-13001706 / ISO 14001-EM-0090-13001706 / ISO 9001-QM-0090-13001706 / ISO 10002-CM-0090-13001706)
(Marka Patent No / Trademark)
(2015/04018 – 2015/GE/17595)
178
ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ
TASARIM MİMARLIK DERGİSİ
INTERNATIONAL
REFEREED
JOURNAL
OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE
PRINT ISSN: 2148-8142 - ONLINE ISSN: 2148-4880
have been developed primarily for use by
engineers, they require very high level of
technical knowledge on the subject.
•
The third is the requirement of complex
solid models; however, a 3D model of a
building can mostly be developed in the
late phases of the design process.
Moreover, the main focus of these tools is
on performance evaluation rather than gu-
iding the designer to support design decisi-
ons. However, they should be a part of the
architectural design process, so as to impro-
ve the design and to achieve the desired per-
formance goals in compliance with the local
legislations, standards and database. In this
regard, energy performance assessment tools
should be re-designed to integrate a perfor-
mance evaluation concept that can be appli-
ed throughout the entire architectural design
process.
It is obvious that there is a need for decision-
supports tools, which can easily be used in
every phases of the design process. In this con-
text, to fill this gap in the literature, a building
energy performance (BEP) evaluation prog-
ram, entitled as Energy Performance Advisor
(EnAd) is developed for evaluating the energy
performance of buildings. EnAd is developed
based on the requirements of the EPBD, TS
EN ISO 137901 Thermal Performance of
Buildings, the Turkish Regulation on Energy
Performance in Buildings (2008) and other re-
lated Turkish standards, laws and regulations.
The monthly evaluation method proposed by
TS EN ISO 13790 is employed in the analy-
sis. In the scope of this research paper, after
a brief introduction of the conceptual frame-
work and structure of the program, validity,
reliability, precision and usability of EnAd
are explained, and the use of the program is
exemplified with the help of a case study.
EnAd as ENERGY PERFORMANCE
EVALUATION TOOL
Building performances especially energy
performances can be evaluated by several
programs and building information model-
ling (BIM) tools through complex 3D solid
models, which can only be created towards
the end of the design. There are about 400
building analysis software (As of February
2, 2016, Building Energy Software Tools
Directory) for the evaluation of energy effici-
ency, renewable energy and sustainability in
buildings listed on the official website of the
US Department of Energy (DOE)
2
. A number
of programs have been developed to carry out
a building performance analyses on the entire
building while others are intended to address
a specific part of the building or process, or
developed for code compliance. However,
most tools require 3D model for the analysis,
which can be created to the end of the design
MTD
www.mtddergisi.com
ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ TASARIM VE MİMARLIK DERGİSİ
Ocak / Şubat / Mart / Nisan 2017 Sayı: 10 Kış - İlkbahar
INTERNATIONALREFEREEDJOURNAL OF DESIGNANDARCHITECTURE
January / February / March / April 2017 Issue: 10 Winter – Spring
ID:121 K:205
ISSN Print: 2148-8142 Online: 2148-4880
(ISO 18001-OH-0090-13001706 / ISO 14001-EM-0090-13001706 / ISO 9001-QM-0090-13001706 / ISO 10002-CM-0090-13001706)
(Marka Patent No / Trademark)
(2015/04018 – 2015/GE/17595)
179
ULUSLARARASI HAKEMLİ
TASARIM MİMARLIK DERGİSİ
INTERNATIONAL REFEREED
JOURNAL OF DESIGN AND ARCHITECTURE
PRINT ISSN: 2148-8142 - ONLINE ISSN: 2148-4880
when it becomes difficult to change design
decisions.
The most crucial decisions affecting the
energy performance are taken in the pre-
design and design phases, including orien-
tation, building envelope, window/wall ra-
tio, form and material properties etc. In this
respect, these soft tools should be capable
of being used in entire design process even
in the pre-design. EnAd, being a computer
program, aims to fill this gap and designed
to support the architect throughout the design
process. The tool is capable of computing
monthly and annual energy requirements of
a building for heating, cooling, domestic hot
water (DHW) and lighting, and assesses the
building’s energy performance through eva-
luations while providing feedback to impro-
ve the design. To use this program, it is not
necessary to complete the project, or even
to have a project at all. Another significant
feature of EnAd is that, it features a flexib-
le user-friendly interface (Figure 1) that does
not require any advanced expertise.
En
ergy
Ad
visor
Explanations
Primary Energy Use kWh/m
2
a
Feedbacks
Directives
Related Legislations
Standards
Law & Regulations
Other Resources
Energy Performance of the Building
Heating
Cooling
DHW
Lighting
Total
Annual Energy Need
kWh/m
2
a
153,5
14,4
28
13
209
Annual Primary Energy Consumption
kWh/m
2
a
183
37
32
251
Energy Performance Class
-
C
GHG Emission Perfomance Class
-
F
Explanations
Feedbacks
Directives
Related Legislations
Standards
Law & Regulations
Other Resources
1. Location
City
117
Heating
Degree-Day Region
HDDR map
High heating need
Ministry of Env ironment (ÇŞB)
Cooling Degree-Day Region
Low cooling need
Bulut et. al., 2007
Solar energy
potential
Solar energy potential map
Low solar gains
Ministry of Energy and Natural
Resources (ETKB)
Wind
potential
Wind potential map
Very low w ind potential
Ministry of Energy and Natural
Resources (ETKB)
Region
2
Shielding
Dwelling type
2
Structural system
5
wwr
153,5
0,09
14,4
III
CEN CEN/TR 15615
ISO 16818 ISO 23045
prEN 15315 prEN 15203
prEN 15603 prEN 15429
TS EN 15459 TS EN 15217
* 5627 Energy ef f iciency law
* EPB regulation
* Regulation on Energy sources and
energy use ef f iciency enhancement
* Env ironmental impact assessment
regulation, ÇED
* Heat insulation regulation
2002/91/EC EPBD
2006/32/EC Energy end-use ef f iciency
III
III
V
183
37
32
251
Heating
Cooling
DHW
Lighting
Total
Figure 1. EnAd User Interface for Data Inputs
EnAd uses Turkish (TS and TS ISO) stan-
dards, laws and regulations to determine
the constraints and objectives of the design
“guides” designers for energy-conscious de-
sign, but also serves as a “diagnostic tool,”
determining inconsistencies/deficiencies in
the legal framework. Thus EnAd can be con-
sidered as a design and evaluation interface,
providing a schema for performance-based
design, having performance objectives and
constraints derived from the legislations and
standards. EnAd is also intended to motivate
users to re-think the building design process,
considering energy as the performance crite-
rion. The objectives for the program are as
follows:
•
To operate as an evaluation tool for the
assessment of the energy performance of
buildings that can be used even in the early
phases of the design process.
•
To help the designer determine the level
of energy performance at any stage of the
design process, which will be shown on