Jo’rabek Sanoqulov

LINE GRAPH
SAMPLE:1

The line graph compares the proportions of export from Australia to 4 countries between 1990 and 2012. Overall, the export rates to India and particularly to China rose across the period while the reverse was true for export figures for Japan and the US.

The percentage of export to China was about 3% in 1990, which was slightly more than to India in the same year. By 2005, both figures had experienced rises to over 10% and 5% respectively. Similarly, these rates kept increasing until 2010 and China saw the biggest increase reaching 25% with the percentage of India growing to 7%. In 2012, however, the former peaked at 28% while the latter dipped to 5%.

By contrast, Australian export rate to Japan started with the highest share, at 26% but it began to drop in the years following to 19% in 2000 and to 16% and remained stable at this figure until 2012. Meanwhile, Australia exported 11% of its good to the US, a figure which then fell to 8% in 1995 before recovering to 11% in 2000. After this, the rate of export to the US declined considerably to 5% in 2010 before going up slightly to 6% in the final year.

Jo’rabek Sanoqulov

SAMPLE:2

The line graph compares the amount of three wood products produced in the UK from 1980 to 2000. Overall, the production rate of paper and packaging rose considerably across the period while the reverse was true for sawn-wood. By contrast, the amount of wood pulp remained more or less stable.

In 1980, over 225 million tons of paper and packaging were manufactured, which was around 25 million tons more than sawn-wood in the same year. During the next decade, the figure for the former rose to 250 million tons while that of the latter dropped considerably to 150 million tons. By 2000, the amount of paper and packaging had improved again, reaching its peak of 350 million tons but the production rate of sawn-wood kept falling and finished at just over 125 million tons.

In contrast, the amount of wood pulp
Started at just under 175 million tons, a figure which then went down to 150 in 1990 before recovering to about 160 million tons in 2000.

The line graph compares the amount of three wood products produced in the UK from 1980 to 2000. Overall, the production rate of paper and packaging rose considerably across the period while the reverse was true for sawn-wood. By contrast, the amount of wood pulp remained more or less stable.

In 1980, over 225 million tons of paper

and packaging were manufactured and
then this figure rose to 250 million tons
in 1990, after which it reached its peak of
350 million tons in the final year
Meanwhile, sawn-wood production started at 200 million tons but it decreased considerably to 150 million tons after a decade and kept falling until 2000 when it finished at 125 million tons.

In contrast, the amount of wood pulp was at just under 175 million tons, a figure which then went down to 150 before recovering to about 160 million tons.

The line graph compares four sports activities in terms of their popularity levels in one European country over two decades, from 1985 to 2005.

Despite mild fluctuations, overall, tennis experienced substantial growth, whereas rugby witnessed an opposite trend. Of particular note is the proportion of people playing basketball and badminton, which remained relatively unchanged during this period.

In 1985, rugby accounted for just below 250 000 players at its highest level. From this point onwards, however, it slightly declined to 200 000 until the year 1995, when this decline got sharper, hitting a low of 50 000 by the conclusion of the period. In stark contrast, the number of individuals who engaged in tennis as an athletic pursuit rose conspicuously. Following an initial rise of about 50 000, this figure started increasing dramatically before slowing down and reaching a staggering peak of 270 000 players in the final year.

On the other hand, the number of basketball players stayed static at around 200 000 throughout the given years, in spite of minimal variations. The figure for badminton followed a similar pattern, albeit at a significantly lower rate. The proportion of badminton players remained almost constant at around 60,000, although there was a minor fall to a mere 40,000 players in the middle of the timeframe.

The line graph compares the number of weekly visits to four distinct clinics within a specific hospital. The data is presented for a period of 6 years, with numerical values serving as the unit of measurement.

In terms of overall visitation rates, all clinics saw an upward trend, with the exception of Birth control. Of a particular note is the Eye clinic, which experienced the largest growth, eventually overtaking Birth control to become the most visited clinic towards the end of the period.

In 2010, the number of weekly visitors to the Birth control clinic was just below 250. Over the course of two years, this figure experienced a slight increase, reaching a peak of roughly 275. From 2012 to 2016, the number of visits fluctuated before ultimately returning to its initial level. This is in stark contrast to the Eye clinic, which started at approximately 125 and rose over time. By the end of the period, it had surpassed all previous rates and peaked at 350 visits per week.

On the other hand, the visitation rates in the remaining two clinics were significantly lower. The dental clinic began with a modest 100 visits per week in the initial year before experiencing mild fluctuations and concluding the period at approximately 125 visits. The Diabetic clinic followed a similar pattern, albeit with a more substantial increase. Despite starting at a meager 60 visits in 2010, this clinic consistently saw a rising trajectory, exceeding the Dental clinic and reaching a high of roughly 175 visits per week by 2016.

The line graph shows how many shops were closed and opened in one country over a period of seven years, from 2011 to 2018. Although there were fluctuations, overall, the number of shop openings declined, while the tendency of shops getting closed down remained relatively stable. Of a particular note is 2015, when there was an exponential decline in shop closures.

In the first year, the number of shop openings was at its peak, at about 8500. Despite an initial sharp fall to just below 400, it then recovered reaching a lttle more than 6000 in the year 2014. Closures almost exactly mirrored this fluctuating trend, falling from just down 6500 to roughly 5900 initially and reaching a peak of just over 7000 in 2013.

However, from 2014 onwards, both openings and closures witnessed a downward trend. After a dramatic decline to roughly 500, the proportion of shop closures increased by 10 times in 2016, after which it remained relatively stable at around 5000 by the end of the period. Between 2014 and 2015, the number of shop openings dropped by 2000. Followingly, it stayed relatively static at 4000 before falling again to end the period at 3000.

The line graph compares four different Asian countries in terms of their urban population rates between 1970 and 2020, and projections up to 2040. Although there are differences, overall, all four countries see their urban populations rise, with Malaysia dominating the other countries listed for the better part of the period.

In 1970, about 30 percent of the population in both Malaysia and Philippines lived in urban areas, compared to just below 20% in Thailand and about 14% in Indonesia. However, for the following five decades, the situation changed. Malaysia increased continually, overtaking Philippiness and maintaining its dominance in this category, while Indonesia exceeded both Thailand and Indonesia to become second highest in terms of its urban population.

With predicted figures, Malaysia is expected to retain its leading position, exceeding all previous rates and reaching a peak of approximately 85% by 2040. Indonesia is predicted to follow a similar pattern, albeit at a lower rate. It will rise to just over 60% by the year 2040, when Philippiness and Thailand will grow to about 55% and 45% respectively.

The line graph shows variations in the average price of three different metals [copper, nickel, and zinc] over a period of twelve months throughout 2014.

Despite mild fluctuations, overall, nickel price declined, while copper remained relatively stable. Of a particular note is zinc, which generally experienced an upward trend, eventually overtaking both copper and nickel to become the dominant metal in this category.

Nickel registered the biggest increase in price in January, at 6%. From this point onwards, it had dropped almost continually to -3% until June, when it saw a minimal increase of 2%. Between June and September, it remained unchanged at this level before dropping by 1% in October. Although it suddenly rose in November, reaching a level of 1%, this rise was short-lived, and by the last month it had experienced a period of stability.

In comparison, copper started at 2% in the initial month. During the whole period, its price fluctuated mildly, hitting a low of just over -1% in the middle of the year and going back to just below 2% at the end of the year. Zinc followed a similar pattern, although its price slightly increased during this year. It began at 1% in January and then rose noticeably in the following month, reching a peak of 3%. From February onwards, however, its price oscillated a lttle bit and ended the year at 2%, which is the same as copper’s initial change.

The line graph shows variations in the weekly consumption of different fast food products in the UK over two decades, from 1970 to 1990.

Overall, Pizza consumption experienced a downward trend, while Hamburger and Fish/chips saw their weekly consumption rise noticeably. Of a particular note is Fish/chips, which increased most significantly, eventually overtaking Pizza to become the dominant fast food in this category.

In the first decade, pizza was consumed in significantly higher quantities than the other foods listed, although its weekly consumption had dropped from 300 grams in 1970 to just over 200 grams by the year 1980. From this point onwards, however, it lost its leading position, even though it stopped declining and remained relatively stable at around 200 grams.

This contrasts starkly with the data for Fish/chips and hamburger, both of which underwent noticeable increases. In the initial year, the weekly consumption of Fish and chips stood at roughly 100 grams and slightly increased by about 50 grams over the next teen years. From 1980 onwards, it rose much more significantly, taking the lead from Pizza and reaching a striking level of 500 grams in 1990. Hamburger followed a similar pattern, albeit at a lower rate. After witnessing a minimal rise of about 50 grams in the initial fifteen years, its consumption had rocketed by the end of the period, exceeding Pizza and peaking at just below 300 grams.

The line graph shows changing trends in spread cocsumption over a period of 26 years (1981-2007). Units are measured in grams.

Overall, butter and margarine consumption fell over the period shown, despite rising in the initial years. It is also clear that the figure for law fat and reduced spreads witnessed an upward trend, overtaking Margarine to become the dominant food in this category, in spite of a slight reduction at the end of the period.

With regards to the amount of Butter consumed, it stood at just over 140 grams in the first year and then climbed minimally, reaching a peak of 160 grams in 1986 before falling continually to roughly 50 grams in the last year. Similarly, Margarine experienced a rise of about 10 grams between 1981 and 1991, despite a slight decline in 1986. Followingly, its figure stayed static at 100 grams for about 5 years before dropping to hit a low of 40 grams in 2007.

In terms of the consumption of low fat and reduced spreads, it started at approximately 10 grams in 1996, which was the same as the Margarine’s increase from 1981 to 1991. Although it rose dramatically to take the lead from Margarine five years laters, this level was short-lived, and by 2007 it had fallen to about 70 grams.

3 introductions for this graph!

1️⃣The line graph illustrates how internet usage changed in three Northern American countries over a decade. Units are measured in percentages. (8.0+)

2️⃣The line graph shows changing trends in internet access over a period of 10 years in three different countries. Units are measured in percentages. (8.0+)

3️⃣The line graph shows how many people used the internet in three Northern American countries between 1999 and 2009. Units are measured in percentages. (8.0+)

OVERVIEW!

Overall, although each country witnessed a rising trend, Canada increased most significantly, thus overtaking the USA to become the dominant country in this category. It is also clear that people in Mexico had the least internet access during this period, despite a minimal growth. (5 key features)

Structure: Line graphs - the same

1. 
   Intro
   
2. 
   Overall
   
3. 
   Bodies
   

Line graphs

1. 
   Intro - paraphrase
   
2. 
   Overall - identify the general trend - positive/negative - upwards/downwards; the highest/lowest points; outliers - are unusually big/small numbers [10mln soms - Alisher Usmanov - average - everyone is a millionaire]
   
3. 
   Bodies - depends
   

B1 - similar
B2 - opposing trends - make comparisons
Intro - paraphrase
Overall - general trend; the lowest/highest points; outliers
Planning is important
Overall plan: general trend - upwards; at the beginning Germany was leading - then Italy; UK - the biggest growth percentagewise; Belgium - the only country to have decreased the percentage of their female p
B1 - similar - Germany + Italy + France
B2 - opposite - UK + Belgium - UK fast growth - B went down after 2008
The line graph shows the percentage of female parliamentarians in 5 different European countries over a 12-year period.
The underlying trend from the data seems to be that over the time-span described all the countries in question were increasing the proportion of women in their respective parliaments. Another interesting feature of the data is that the growth in all the studied countries seemed uninterrupted with the only exception of Belgium which experienced a slight dip after around 2008. Also, despite being, for the most part, the country with the highest percentage of female representation in the parliament, Germany was eventually overtaken by Italy. The last interesting change on the graph was that UK experienced the most considerable growth among the listed countries.
Focsuing on countries that followed a largely identical trend, we see that Germany, Italy, and France started out at about 33%, 27%, and 25% respectively. France did not experience any drastic changes over the period and was increasing until 2012 before reaching its peak of around 32%. Meanwhile, Italy was growing much more rapidly than France and Germany and at the end of the period nearly 4 out 10 parliamentarians were women. Germany, however, did not increase the percentage of women as rapidly as Italy and in the last year, it had just over 35% of women in its parliament.

In stark contrast, in 2000 the other two countries, namely Belgium and the UK had a substantially lower proportion of women working in their parliaments. The former started off at roughly 16% and kept growing until 2008 and peaked at just under 25% before going down slightly by about 2% in the last 4 years. UK, on the other hand, saw a considerably more noticeable increase by growing its female representation seven-fold over the span of 12 years, it went up from a mere 3% to a staggering 23%. [