The bacics, objects and means of civil defense

The directions of application of technical control requirements are as follows:

• 
  reducing possible collaps and losses in the economy in an emergency;
  
• 
  Ensuring protection of the population and the staff of the economy;
  
• 
  creating conditions for the restoration of the facility.
  

According to the decision № 193 of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Azerbaijan dated September 25, 1998, the territory of the Republic was divided into zones (10 zones) and cities into 3 groups (I, II and III). By this decision, economic entities were given the following ranks: particularly significant (PS), first class and second class.
The content and scope of design standards of civil defense engineering measures are determined by the zoning, grouping of cities and the degree of civil protection of the economic object taking into account the likely (possible) striking factors of emergencies.
Measures to increase the resilience of the facility are implemented first of all in the design of its engineering and technical complex (buildings, structures, process lines, production facilities, engineering networks), and then in the stages of construction, reconstruction and operation.
The zone of probable collapse is taken into account when placing facilities, , the zone with overpressure of 0.1 kCl / cm² or more is called the zone of probable collapse.
The probable collapse zone is divided into 2 parts:
Probable strong collaps zone (overpressure at the outer boundary of 0.3 kCl / cm²);
Probable weak collaps zone (overpressure on the outer boundary of 0.1 kCl / cm², and on the inner boundary 0.3 kCl / cm²).
When locating industrial facilities, groups of cities and the degree of their equipment are taken into account.
The main requirements for the placement of facilities are:

• 
  facilities should be located evenly over the area, taking into account possible collaps;
  
• 
  When choosing the construction site of the economic object: zoning of the population according to the degree of danger, the presence of potentially hazardous objects, topography, the possibility of floods and snowfalls, road accessibility, seismicity, meteorological characteristics, the nature of the soil, the depth of groundwater should be taken into account;
  
• 
  may be located in the zone of possible strong landslide: service facilities (communication hubs, post offices, telegraph, workshop, store, sanitary facilities, etc.), bases and warehouses of daily supplies, passenger and freight railway stations, parking lots, hangars, depots;
  
• 
  can be located in the zone of possible weak collapse: warehouses of industrial goods for food and primary supply of the autonomous republic and region, unsorted objects, warehouses, project railway stations (project stations), rehabilitation hospitals, electric pumping stations, gas distribution stations;
  
• 
  located in out-of-town area: warehouses and bases of material and food stock of the state; facilities of new construction category (oil refining, chemical, metallurgical industry); base warehouses for storing hazardous chemically hazardous substances (HAZ) and explosives (such warehouses are located not less than 100 m from the river bank, 200 m downstream from settlements); boarding houses, sanatoriums, rest homes and holiday centers, children health improvement facilities; premises which may be used for accommodation of settlers, etc
  
• 
  production facilities should be located outside the zones of possible strong collapse;
  
• 
  Significant production facilities should be located outside of potentially weak spill zones;
  
• 
  Facilities and warehouses with flammable and combustible substances should be located below the height above living quarters;
  
• 
  food and fuel storage facilities should be located outside of severe spill zones;
  
• 
  very important industrial plants, if possible, in enclosed areas, medical shelters, etc. should be located in such areas.