Today’s Lecture

Today’s Lecture

• Today’s Lecture

• Ottomans and the World:

• Piri Reis’ Map of Amricals

• Travelers of the medieval and early modern worlds

• Venetian merchants

• Marco Polo

• Ibn Battuta

• Ottomans

REVIEW

• REVIEW

• PEOPLE OF THE EMPIRE

• The ruling elite (askeri)

• All the ruling circles including the Sultan and his household,

• provincial administrators,

• religio-administrative cadre (ulema, sing. alim).

• Privileges including tax exemption

• The subjects (reaya)

• Peasants, town and city dwellers, and nomads. Both Muslim and non-Muslim.

Review

• Review

• Ahmed I 1603-1617

• Mustafa 1617-1618

• Osman II 1618-1622

• Mustafa 1622-1623

• Murad IV 1623-1640

• İbrahim 1640-1648

• Mehmed IV 1648-1693

Bird’s-eye view of Venice from the south, Jacopo de’ Barbari, 1500

• Bird’s-eye view of Venice from the south, Jacopo de’ Barbari, 1500

Boarding a ship in Venice 1500s

• Boarding a ship in Venice 1500s

• where would you be going?

• you would be leaving as…

• would you go to these new lands totally unprepared?

• what kind of educational skills such a training could provide to you?

• What kind of a life awaited you there?

• what kinds of risks would you take during your travels?

Recommendations for the pilgrim’s spiritual and bodily welfare by the late fifteenth-century Milanese Brasca:

• Recommendations for the pilgrim’s spiritual and bodily welfare by the late fifteenth-century Milanese Brasca:

• 1. The pilgrim needs to be clear about his devotional priorities

• 2. Before leaving he should put his affairs in order and make his will

• 3. He will need two purses, one containing 150 to 200 Venetian ducats and the other full of patience.

• 4. He should pack a warm jacket for the homeward voyage as well as clean shirts and linen.

The Reception of the Venetian Ambassadors in Damascus, Gentile Bellini, probably 1513-6.

• The Reception of the Venetian Ambassadors in Damascus, Gentile Bellini, probably 1513-6.

Maltepe and Kıssahan Bridge

• Maltepe and Kıssahan Bridge

• Matrakçı Nasuh, Beyan-i Menazil-i Sefer-i Irakeyn, (Halting Stations of the Eastern Campaign) dating from 1537-38.

63b

• 63b

Derbend-i Alagöz 24a

• Derbend-i Alagöz 24a

Vezir Hanı, Aleppo, 1683

• Vezir Hanı, Aleppo, 1683

Vezir Hanı, Aleppo, 1683

• Vezir Hanı, Aleppo, 1683

Vezir Hanı, Aleppo, 1683

• Vezir Hanı, Aleppo, 1683

Ottoman geographers and the far away lands

• Ottoman geographers and the far away lands

• 1520s a merchant named Ali Ekber traveled to China, and after his return produced a detailed account of Chinese administration and customs named as Hitay-name.

• In 1554 an Ottoman naval contingent was shipwrecked in India. Its commander Seydi Ali Reis wrote the adventurous tale of his return, Miratü’l-Memalik, giving glimpses of Indian and Central Asian culture.

• Mehmed Aşık (d. 1598) from Trabzon compiled a voluminous cosmography from a number of classical sources in Arabic and Persian. For the Ottoman lands he included his own observations during his travels.

• Katip Çelebi (1609-1657) wrote his geography Cihannüma using European geographies like Mercator’s Geography, dismissed Ali Ekber’s accounts on China, but used non-literary accounts of merchants. His draft does not contain anything that originates in his own experiences, even though he marched through Anatolia several times on a campaign.