William Shakespeare Biography
Poet, Playwright (c. 1564
–
1616)
Mysterious Origins
Known throughout the world, the works of William Shakespeare have been performed in countless places for
more than 400 years. And yet, the personal history of William Shakespeare is somewhat a mystery. There are
two primary sources that provide historians with a basic outline of his life. One source is his work
—
the plays,
poems and sonnets
—
and the other is official documentation such as church and court records. However,
these only provide brief sketches of specific events in his life and provide little on the person who experienced
those events.
Early Life
Though no birth records exist, church records indicate that a William Shakespeare was baptized at Holy Trinity
Church in Stratford-upon-Avon on April 26, 1564. From this, it is believed he was born on or near April 23,
1564, and this is the date scholars acknowledge as William Shakespeare's birthday.
Located 103 miles west of London, during Shakespeare's time Stratford-upon-Avon was a small market town.
William was the third child of John Shakespeare, a leather merchant, and Mary Arden, a local landed heiress.
William had two older sisters and three younger brothers.
Scholars have surmised that William most likely attended the King's New School, in Stratford, which taught
reading, writing and the classics. Being a public official's child, William would have undoubtedly qualified for
free tuition. Shakespeare never attended university.
Married Life
William Shakespeare married Anne Hathaway on November 28, 1582, in Worcester, in Canterbury Province.
William was 18 and Anne was 26, and, as it turns out, pregnant. Their first child was a daughter they
named
Susanna, and two years later twins Hamnet and Judith were born. Hamnet died of unknown causes at age 11.
After the birth of
the twins, there are seven years of William Shakespeare's life where no records exist.
Scholars call this period the "lost years," and there is wide speculation on what he was doing during this
period. It is generally believed he arrived in London in the mid- to late 1580s and may have found work as a
horse attendant at some of London's finer theaters.