Articles otlar oldidan qo’llanuvchi so’z turkumi artikl
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| The West –
g’arb Karshi is situated in the South – Qarshi janubda joylashgan I live in the North – men shimolda yashayman Ammo, to’rt tomon nomi mamlakat yoki qit’a nomlari bilan birikib, biror mamlakat yoki qit’ani ifodalab kelsa, ular oldidan artikllar qo’llanilmaydi: ×North America – Shimoliy Amerika × South America – Janubiy Amerika ×North Korea – Shimoliy Koreya ×South Korea – Janubiy Koreya Mustasno holat: The North of America - Amerikaning shimoli The South of America - Amerikaning janubi The North of Korea - Koreyaning shimoli The South of Korea - Koreyaning janubi Bundan tashqari, tomon nomiga -ern qo’shimchasi qo’shilganda, ular oldidan artikllar qo’llanilmaydi: ×West ern Europe – G’arbiy Yevropa ×East ern Asia – Sharqiy Osiyo ×North ern Uzbekistan – Shimoliy O’zbekiston Bundan tashqari, tomon nomlari “from… to” (-dan…-gacha) predlogi bilan kelsa, ular oldidan artikllar qo’llanilmaydi: From ×North to ×South – Shimoldan janubga qadar From ×East to ×West – Sharqdan g’arbga qadar NOTE: Umuman “From… to” birikmasi bilan kelgan otlar oldidan artikllar qo’llanilmaydi: From ×beginning to ×end - Boshdan oxirigacha From ×head to ×feet - Boshdan oyoq From ×hand to ×mouth - Zo’rg’a, arang 28) Dunyo okeanlari, dengizlar, daryolar va kanallar nomlari oldidan ”the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: The Pacific Ocean - Tinch okeani The Black sea - Qora dengiz The Volga - Volga daryosi The British channe l - La-mansh bo’g’ozi The Panama Canal - Panama kanali The Suer canal – Suer kanali 29) Ko’l nomlari oldidan “lake” so’zi kelsa, ular oldidan artikllar qo’llanilmaydi: 10 Lake ×Baikal Lake ×Tahoe Lake ×Ladoga Ammo, “lake” so’zi kelmagan va ko’plikdagi ko’llar nomi oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: The Baikal The Tahoe The Ladoga The Great Lakes - Buyuk ko’llar 30) Bo’g’oz va ko’rfaz nomlari oldidan “the” artikli artikli qo’llaniladi: The Bering strait The Persian gulf The Magellan strait The Mexico gulf The British channel The Bosfore gulf Ammo, qo’ltiq nomlari oldidan artikllar qo’llanmaydi: ×Autson Bay – Autson qo’ltig’i 31) Yarim orollar nomi oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: The Indian Peninsula- Hindiston yarim oroli The Arabian Peninsula- Arabiston yarim oroli 32) Tog’ tizmalari nomi oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: The Alps The Pamirs The Ands The Tyanshans The Himalayas The Rokies (= the Rocky mountains) Ammo, yakka tog’ va tog’ cho’qqilari nomi oldidan artikllar qo’llanilmaydi: Mount ×Fuji Peak ×Everest Mount ×Klimanjaro Peak ×Elburses Mount ×Ethna Peak ×Ben Nevis Mount ×Vernon Mount ×Rushmore 33) Kichkina, mayda orolchalardan tashkil topgan orol nomlari oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: The British Isles: 1- England 3- Scotland 2- Irland 4- Wells The Hawaii The West Indies The Bahamas The Sceyshells The Ozores The Kurills Ammo, yaxlit bir orol nomlari oldidan artikllar qo’llanilmaydi: ×Madagascar × Sicily ×Greenland ×Creat × Iceland ×New Zealand 34) Cho’l va sahro nomlari oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: The Sahara The Kizilkum desert The Gobi The Karakum desert 35) Sharsharalar nomi oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: The Niagara waterfall The Victoria waterfall 36) Yil nomlari ko’plikda butun bir o’n yillik davrni ifodalab kelsa, ular oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: Singular: Plural: 11 1910 1930 1940 Mark Twain died in 1910 – Mark Tvin 1910-yili vafot etgan The 1910 s (11, 12, 13…, 18, 19, 20) The 1930 s The 1940 s The Second World war took place in the 1940 s – Ikkinchi jahon urushi 1940- yillarda bo’lib o’tgan 37) Ikki yoki undan ortiq so’zdan tashkil topgan davlat nomlari oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: The Russian Federation (The RF) – Rossiya Federatsiyasi The Central African Republic (The CAR) – Markaziy Afrika Respublikasi The United States of America (The USA) – Amerika Qo’shma Shtatlari The United Kingdom (The UK) – Birlashgan Qirollik The United Arab Emirates (The UAE) – Birlashgan Arab Amirliklari Mustasno holat: ×Great Britain – Buyuk Britaniya ×New Zealand – Yangi Zellandiya ×Saudi Arabia – Saudiya Arabistoni 38) Ba’zi bir mamlakat, shahar, viloyat va o’lka nomlari oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: The Ukraine The Saar The Neitherlands The Transwaal The Argentine The Ruhr The Lowlands The Caucasus The Highlands The Crimea The Philippines The Altay The Congo The Krasnodar The Sudan The Vatikan The Zebanon The Hague The Strand 39) Mamlakatlar nomi oldidan “republic” so’zi kelsa, ular oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: ×Uzbekistan - The Republic of Uzbekistan ×China - The Peoples Republic of China (Xitoy Xalq Respublikasi) ×France - The Republic of France 40) Shaharlar nomi oldidan “city”, “town” so’zlari kelsa, ular oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: ×Karshi- The city of Karshi ×Kamashi- The town of Kamashi. ×Tashkent- The city of Tashkent ×Kitob- The town of Kitob 41) Musiqa asboblari nomi “play” (chalmoq) fe’li bilan birikib kelsa, yoki gapda ega vazifasida kelsa, ular oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: I play the guitar - men gitara chalaman He plays the piano – men pianino chalaman The guitar is on the table – gitara stolning ustida The piano is in the room – pianino xonada Ammo, musiqa asboblari nomi “to have”, “there is” iboralari bilan birikib kelsa, yoki gapda kesim vazifasida kelsa, ular oldidan noaniq artikllar qo’llaniladi: 12 I have a guitar – meni gitaram bor There is a piano in the room – xonada pianino bor 42) Urush nomlari oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: The Korean war – Koreya urushi The Vietnam war – Vetnam urushi The First World war (= ×World war І ) – Birinchi jahon urushi The Second world war ( ×World war ІІ ) – Ikkinchi jahon urushi The Civil war - Fuqarolar urushi The Patriotic war - Ulug’ vatan urushi 43) Harbiy battalion, brigade, aviziyalar nomi oldidan “the” aniq artikli qo’llaniladi: The International brigade The British battalion The Asian dvision 44) Bazi so’zlar oldidan “the” aniq artikli kelganda, ularning ma’nosi butunlay o’zgaradi: O’z ma’noda: Ko’chma ma’noda: 1) Very- juda It is a very interesting book – bu juda qiziqarli kitob 2) Only- faqat I know only English – men faqatgina ingliz tilini bilaman 3) Last- o’tgan I saw him last week – o’tgan haftada men uni ko’rdim 4) Next- kelasi I will go there next week – men u yerga kelasi hafta boraman 1) The very- xuddi o’sha, aynan o’zi It is the very book, I need – bu menga zarur bo’lgan kitobning aynan o’zi 2) The only- yakka, yolg’iz John is the only child in the family – Jon oilasida yolg’iz farzand 3) The last- oxirgi, so’ngi This is the last book by Mark Twain – bu Mark Tvinning so’nggi kitobi 4) The next- keyingi, navbatdagi The doctor called the next patient – doctor keyingi bemorni chaqirdi Artikllarning qo’llanmaslik holatlari: 1) Egalik olmoshlari bilan artikllar qo’llanmaydi: Singular: Plural: My - mening Your - sening His, her, it’s - uning Our - bizning Your - sizning Their - ularning 2) Bayram kunlari nomi oldidan artikllar qo’llanmaydi: ×Navruz – Navro’z ×Easter – Pasxa ×Independence day – Mustaqillik kuni Yüklə 2,03 Mb. 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