Vishnumolakala Vaishnavi Group : a Course: Childhood Autism
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| Vishnumolakala Vaishnavi Group : 9a Course: 5 Childhood Autism Autism is a developmental disorder that appears in the first 3 years of life, and affects the brain's normal development of social and communication skills. What causes autism? Autism is a physical condition linked to abnormal biology and chemistry in the brain. The exact causes of these abnormalities remain unknown, but this is a very active area of research. There are probably a combination of factors that lead to autism. Genetic factors seem to be important. For example, identical twins are much more likely than fraternal twins or siblings to both have autism. Similarly, language abnormalities are more common in relatives of autistic children. Chromosomal abnormalities and other nervous system (neurological) problems are also more common in families with autism. CAUSES OF ASD Autism spectrum disorder has no single known cause. Given the complexity of the disorder, and therefore the incontrovertible fact that symptoms and severity vary, there are probably many causes. Both genetics and environment may play a role. Genetics: Several different genes are responsible for autism spectrum disorder. For some children, autism spectrum disorders are often related to a genetic disease, like Rett syndrome or fragile X syndrome. Still other genes may affect brain development or the way that brain cells communicate, or they’ll determine the severity of symptoms. Some genetic mutations are transfer one generation to the next generation, while others occur spontaneously. Environmental Factors: Researchers are currently exploring whether factors like viral infections, medications or complications during pregnancy, or air pollutants play a task in triggering autism spectrum disorder. RISK FACTORS The number of youngsters diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder is rising. It's not clear whether this is often thanks to better detection and reporting or a true increase within the number of cases, or both. Autism spectrum disorder affects children of all nationalities and races, but certain factors increase a child’s risk for ASD. These may include: Child’s Sex: Boys are about fourfold more likely to develop autism spectrum disorder than girls are. Family history: Families who have one child with autism spectrum disorder have an increased risk of getting another child with the disorder. It’s also not uncommon for folks or relatives of a toddler with autism spectrum disorder to possess minor problems with social or communication skills themselves or to interact in certain behaviors typical of the disorder What are symptoms of autism? Most parents of autistic children suspect that something is wrong by the time the child is 18 months old and seek help by the time the child is age 2. Children with autism typically have difficulties in: • Pretend play • Social interactions • Verbal and nonverbal communication Some children with autism appear normal before age 1 or 2 and then suddenly "regress" and lose language or social skills they had previously gained. This is called the regressive type of autism. TREATMENT No cure exists for autism spectrum disorder, and there’s no one- size-fits-all treatment. The main goal of treatment is to maximize the child’s ability to function by reducing autism spectrum disorder symptoms and supporting development and learning. Early intervention during the preschool years can help the child learn critical social, communication Yüklə 135,19 Kb. Dostları ilə paylaş:
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