K
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TKanecTBO. H aH aeH H bie
b
n oceJieH H ax
kocthhmc
npHCJiHua, KaMeHHbie
rpeÖHH
h
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bbicokom
pa3BHTHH TKaHKoro MacTepcTBa.
HHTeHCHBHoe p a
3
BHTHe b ə n o x y c p e /u r e ü
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b
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seM Jie/rejibHecKoro, CK
0
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0
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h h c tb p eM ecjıa , pa3JiHHHbix
BHflOB HCKyCCTBa CnOCOÖCTBOBajIO Cepbe3HbIM H3MeHeHH3M B COHHaJIb-
HblX, ƏKOHOMHHeCKHX H
0 6
lH;eCTBeHHbIX OTHOHieHHHX,
a TaOKe
nOHBJie-
h h k ) M aT ep n ajib H oro HepaBeHCTBa. n p o H 3 o m j ıo 3HaHHTenbHoe
pa3aejıeH H e coHH anbH bix cn oeB , c(J)opMHpoBajıocb nepBHHHoe KJiacco-
B oe oöm ecTBO .
B
KyjIbTypH0-3K0H0MHHeCK0M o 6 p a 3 e >KH3HH ApeBHHX nJieMeH
Kapaöaxa
b
XIY-Y
BeKax
/jo HarneH
əpbi npoHCxoflHJia HOBaa əb o jiio -
Uhh. /],jifl ən o x H no3flHeH 6poH 3bi h paHH ero acen e3a xapaKTepHa
KyjibTypa
Xo/j»cajiM.
OCHOBHblMH HCTOHHHKaMH H3yHeHHfl HCTOpHH 3nOXH n03flHeH
6poH3bi
h
paHHero >Kejıe3a
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nocejıeHHH
h M orajib-
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0
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0
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Cpe/TH M arepnajibH bix naMHTHHKOB X
0
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0
B - b YH Təne
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6
ea,H), P a cy jiT ə n e , HaMa
3
JibiT
3
n e (Ar/raM, c e n o XbiH/jbipcTaH),
Capbi^Hcajibi T ən e (Ar/ı;aMCKHH p anoH , b 6jih 3h c e jıa ^leMeHJiH),
BeıOKTəne, B auiH p T əne (A r/jaM ),
Cy
T ən e, /J^KaHaBap T
3
n e (Ar/ı>Ka
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c e n o TaHHar), E H H H errane (Ar/ı>Ka
6
e/iHHCKHH panoH , c e jıo
nojıa/uibi),
T oM arran e (T ep -T ep ), T eH T əne (A r/jaM , c e jıo T eH T en e), L U o p rən e (B ap-
m,
c e jıo U laT bipjibi), T apaT əne (A r/ıaM , c e jıo
IIIbix6a6ajibi), Mncnp
rbiuıjıarbi (A r/jaM , c e jıo n a n p a B eH /ı),
3
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3
n e h IlIeKepHHKTəne (b
j r o u i H H e
T y p y - n a a
h
K e H a e j r e H - H a a )
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n p O B e a e H b i
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6
oraTeHuiHe apxeonorH H ecK H e MaTepHanbi.
Pa3JIHHHbie THnbl MOTHJIbHblX naMHTHHKOB KyjIbTypbl X0/I>KaJI0B
6
m jih BbiHBJieHbi b
LUyruaKeHfle,
-
KaMeHHbie
M ornjibH bie hiu;hkh, /[o b -
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/I,OBmaHJibi), Bajuibirafl-CbipxaBeH/ıe
( c e j ıo
CbipxaBeH/ı;),
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A xM axn
(c e j ıo
A xM axn)
h b Kapa6axcKOM H eK ponjıe (b
jıon iH H axp eK
TypynaH
h
KeH/ıejıeH-Haa).
Bmjih oÖHapy^ceHbi
6
o ra r b ie 6p0H 30B bie
mjxQimsı
xo/ı>KajiHHCKHx
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KyjibTypa Xo/j,HcanoB 0Ka3ana
BjiHHHHe Ha (JıopMHpoBaHHe jio -
KajibHbix KyjibTyp T e/ıaöeK a, Thh/imch h IlIaMKHpa.
n o c y n a , H
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0 6
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0
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p a /ib i, BepoBaHHa h
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mjih ö o n e e noapoÖHO
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H3yHem>ı
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p esyjıtT aT e a p x eojıo rıraecK H x HccJieaoBaHHH xoA>Ka-
jihhckhx
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(2-6,8,10-15,22,31,19,21,27,28,29,32),
E eraM ca -
P
obckhx
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(1,2,5,7,14,16,2,4, 18, 12, 17, 19, 15, 85, 2,4
,5,6,7,10,-17,19,8,9,5),
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m o
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saxopoHeHHHMH,
b
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T ep T ep n an ə n o x n n o3flH eiı 6poH3bi
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paH H ero acejıe3a xapaKTepHbi
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MeHHbie
h j i h
necHaHO-3eMJiaHbie
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p aiıO H ax,
a zyifl paBHHHHbix TeppHTopHH - KypraHbi
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r a eM . M o r a jib i
b
H aropH oiı 30He
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Jlbl, rlOJIbHTar, ÖOJIbUIHHCTBO naMHTHHKOB Xo/I>KajIbl) maBHblM o ö p a -
30M npeacTaBjiHiOT
c o 6 o h
KaMeHHbie
a i u h k h .
üpH M oyrojibH bie 3eMJia-
Hbie M orajibi n o /ı KypraHaMH oöp aöoT aH b i raHHHHOH M a c co ö .
Tpa/üHUHfl 3axopoHeHHH KypraHaMH xapaKTepHa /y ıa TiopKCKoro
3TH0Ca.
Bo3BezteHHe Ha/iMOHHJibHbix KypraHOB KBJiaeTca xapaKTepHoiı
nepTOH
h
HCKJiıOHHTejibHOH oco6eHHocTbio o6p«/ıa 3axopoHeHHH
TIOpKCKOTO JTHOCa.
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npOH3BOflHOe OT TIOpKC-
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B 03B 0/iH T b , B 0 3 B b iıu a T b .
HajiHMHe
KypraHHbix 3axo-
poHeHHH
Ha
TeppHTopHH
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b t o m h h c j i ə h
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K
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reorpacf)HH KypraHHbix naMHTHHKOB h b a p e a jıe h x p a c n p o c T p a -
HeHHa K a p a 6 a x 3aHHMaeT o c o ö o e MecTO. CaM bie apeBH He Ha KaBKa3e
KypraHbi öm jih h m c h h o b K a p a ö a x e , h OTHOcaTca k I Y -I U TbicaHejıe-
th h m a o h .3 . /tp eB H H e TiopKCKHe nneM eH a KaBKa3a npHMepHO III Tbica-
nejıeTHa H asa/j
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3aiıcTBa, o c b o h j ih rop H b ie TeppHTopHH h npe>K/ıe B c e r o ajibnHHCKHe
jıy ra
Majıoro
KaBKa3a, r ^ e pacno.Jio>KHJiHCb Ha ce30H H bix nacTÖHiuax,
aBJiaıom Hxca h c to h h h k o m 6o raT b ix KOpMOB. 3 t o t n p o u e c c
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b o II-I T bicaqejıeT H ax /jo h .3 . nojıyH Hjı
6onee
u ih p o k h h M acuiTaö.
CaMbie ÖJiaronpHaTHbie ycjıOBHa a n a
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h .3 . TiopKCKHe c k o t o -
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nacTÖHiuaMH
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KypraHHbix naMaTHHKOB /ıpeBHHX c k o to b o /jh c c k h x nneM eH TiopKCKoro
npoH cxoacfleH H a BCTpeuaıoTca Ha TeppHTopHH cero/iH auiH eH ApMeHHH.
B
ö a c c e iu ıe 0 3 e p a r e ir n a , Ha OKpy>KaK)iuHx e r o reppHTopHax h b A pM e-
h h h b uenoM , 6 o jib iu a a nacTb KypraHOB OTHOCHTca k II-I TbicanejıeTHaM
/jo H.3.. A p x e o jıo r a n e c K H e M aTepnajibi, K aca ıou iH eca nepBHHHOir ro-
PO /ickoh KynbTypbr Y3epJiHKT3ne b K a p a 6 a x e , t c c h o CBa3aHM c KyırbTy-
pOH X0/I>KajI0B.
ÜAHaKO, apMaHCKHe HCCJie/toBarejiH, KaK
o ö m h h o
, 4>ajibCHc})H-
u n p y a 4>aKTbi, npe/ıcraBJiaıO T 3Ty /ıp eB H io ıo K apa6axcK yıo K y jib iyp y -
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t
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khm
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npnnH caT b c e 6 e
KyjibTypy Kapaöaxa.
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b
ə n o x y no3/;H eH
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h
paHHero
acejıe3a
HacejıeHHe
K a p a ö a -
x a npoAOJiacajıo
b
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3aHHMaTbca 3eMJie/rejiHeM
h
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b
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BaTbca peM ecjıeH H bie
h
T oproBbie
cjioh
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hc
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KyccTBeHHoro o p o m eH H a
b
3eMJie/ı;eJiHH cn ocoöcT B O B an o yBejiHHeHHio
yp0>KaiiH0CTH
bo
B cex O Tpacnax 3eMJie/ıejiH, n03B0Jiaji0 yaoBJieTBopaTb
Hyac/ibi
h
noTpeÖ H O cra HacejıeHHa. P acnojıoaceH H e TeppHTopHH Y
hoi
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b
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jih
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cBa3aHO c pa3BHTHeM
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3eMJie/ıejiHH HCKyccTBeHHoro opoıueH H a. KyjibTypa HCKyccTBeHHoro
opoıueHHH, 0CH0BaHHaa e ıu e
b
ə n o x y 3HeojiHTa, (H ajraraH T əne) n ojry-
HHjra uiHpoKoe p a3B H rae
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hjih
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b
n o c -
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