L); Mae Sot Dist., 20 Aug 1994,
Maxwell 94-911 (BKF).
Kanchanaburi Province. Tha Sao
Dist., 14 Sep 2010, Mood & Chalermglin 2049 (BISH; *); Huai Kayeng Dist., 15 Sep 2010,
Mood & Chalermglin 2058 (BISH; *); Sai Yok, 16 Sep 2010,
Mood &
Triboun 3009 (BISH;
*); Sai Yok, 100 m, Aug 1928, Marcan s.n.(C, K); Ka Tha Lai, Fan Faung River Valley, 25
km east of Wangka, 1 Jun 1946, Kostermans 787 (AAU, BO, C, L, P; *); Sai Sok Falls, 30
Jun 1963, Larsen 10349 (AAU; *); Dong Yai Ban Ka Kwang, 14 Aug 1971, Phengkhlai 2959
(AAU, BKF); Thong Pa Phum, 5 Jul 1973, Maxwell 73-109 (AAU; *); Sai Yok, Marcan s.n.
(C, K); Thong Pha Phum, Triboun 21 (BK; *); Huay Ban Kao to Kritee, 4 Jul 1973, Geesink &
Phengkhlai 6088 (BKF, L)
.
Notes. Boesenbergia kerrii is similar to
B. longiflora, but the former has a more
exserted, longer floral tube, broader, longer lip with a truncate apex, different labellum
colour pattern and rectangular throat opening. When habitats are compared, B. kerrii
is found only on or around limestone, while the type of
B. longiflora and the specimen,
Kress 03-7305 (US) appear to have been collected on sandstone or shale derived soils
(USACE 1990). The small, bulb-like rhizomes described under
B. longiflora are also
found in B. kerrii.
Boesenbergia collinsii Mood & L.M.Prince,
sp. nov.
Boesenbergiae longiflorae affinis, rhizomatium parvorum aliquot absentia radicibus
longis crassis tuberosis abuntis, pseudocaule breviore 50
−
80 cm longo, floribus
maioribus 4
−
4.2 cm longis 3 cm latis differt.
TYPUS: Mood 12P171, Cultivated in Hawaii, USA, 1 Nov 2012 (holo BK; iso AAU).
Originally from Thailand, Loei Province, eastern border with Nong Bua Lamphu
Province, along road to Udon Thani, no exact location, c. 300 m asl, August 2003,
Collins T-3068, cultivated as
M06P14. (Fig. 10, 11, 17 & 19C)
Deciduous herb up to 80 cm tall;
rhizome small, elongate c. 5 × 0.5 cm, externally
brownish, internally yellow; tuberous roots prolific, c. 15-20, c. 10 × 1 cm, swelling
to 1.5 cm in the lower third or tapering, externally pink, internally three concentric
pink rings, root hairs many, c. 8 mm long, thin, white. Pseudostem up to c. 20 cm
long, composed of leaf sheaths, base oval, c. 2
-2.5 cm diam., 1-
2 leafless sheaths at
the base, leaf sheaths longitudinally ridged, green or green and red, glabrous, margin
hyaline. Leaves 5
-6 per pseudostem; petiole 12-16 cm, deeply channelled, light green
or reddish, glabrous; ligule slightly bilobed, lobes an extension of the hyaline margin,
c. 3 mm long, white, glabrous; lamina elliptical or broadly ovate, c. 28
-44 × 12-19
cm, ventrally dark green, glabrous, dorsally lighter green, glabrous with a few hairs
on the midrib, base rounded to cordate, sometimes asymmetric, apex acute to long
acuminate.
Inflorescence radical, c. 3-6 or more per pseudostem, up to c. 9 cm long
(including peduncle) produced from the rhizome below the stem; peduncle c. 1 cm
long, white, glabrous, basal sheaths 1
-2, white, glabrous; spike horn-shaped, 5-8.5 ×
3 cm. Bracts cymbiform, c. 4, c. 5
-8 × 1.5-2 cm, distichously arranged, green or dark
red, each bract enclosing one flower, apex sometimes curved; bracteole cylindrical,
c. 5 × 0.5 cm, white, translucent, glabrous, open to the base, apex acute. Flowers c. 4
per inflorescence, up to c. 15 cm long. Calyx tubular, 2 × 0.5 cm, white, translucent,
68
Gard. Bull. Singapore 65(1) 2013
glabrous, apex bi-dentate.
Floral tube 14 cm long, 3 mm wide at the base, white,
glabrous externally and internally, dorsal corolla lobe lanceolate, 3
-3.2 × 1 cm, creamy
white, glabrous, margins involute, ventral lobes linear, 4 × 0.6 cm, creamy white,
glabrous, margins involute; androecial tube cup-shaped, c. 8 mm long, c. 5 mm diam.
at the top, yellow, glabrous externally and internally. Labellum saccate, semi-orbicular,
4
-
4.2 cm long, 3 cm wide (when flattened at broadest point) light yellow, throat centre
bright orange-red, maculate with yellow showing through as dots, interrupted with a
yellow, irregular band, then a dark red band across the lip, turning to pink towards the
apex, externally with a few glandular hairs, internally glabrous, margin entire, revolute
on the sides, apex slightly truncate, wavy; lateral staminodes obovate, 1.6 × 1 cm,
light yellow, dorsal surface with few glandular hairs, ventral surface glabrous, apex
rounded, revolute, margin wavy. Stamen
11 mm long, filament 1.5-2 mm long, 2-3
mm wide at the base, light yellow, few glandular hairs, anther c. 9 mm long, 3 mm
wide (first day) then c. 6 mm wide (thecae diverging on the second day) apex slightly
bilobed with no anther crest, thecae 9 × 1 mm, red, dehiscing along the entire length.
Ovary c. 8 × 5 mm, trilocular, axile placentation, white, glabrous;
style
filiform, white,
glabrous, stigma rounded to oval, white, ostiole oval, without cilia, exuding a sticky
liquid on the second day; epigynous glands narrowly ovate, two, 5 mm long, light
yellow. Fruit a capsule, elliptical, c. 2 cm long, 1 cm wide, trilocular, white, glabrous,
dehiscence loculicidal, valves rolling outward into coils; seed round, c. 15, c. 3 mm
diam., light brown, slightly pubescent, aril white, translucent. (Measurements based
on living, cultivated material of M06P14).
Distribution. This species is more northerly in distribution than
B. kerrii, extending
from Northern Lampang Province into Southern Lamphun Province. Moving eastward,
the species is not documented again until the mountains of northern Phitsanulok
Province, then northward into Loei and Nong Bua Lamphu Provinces. Currently, there
are no known specimens from the Lao P.D.R.
Ecology. This species has been found only on or around the base and slopes of limestone
outcrops in secondary forest with bamboo. Specimens from eastern Thailand also
occur on the lower slopes of larger mountains with limestone geology. The plants
prefer wet, but well-drained micro-habitats, even growing in the cracks and crevices
of rock similar to B. kerrii. A single plant was found growing in a tree crotch, possibly
indicating some consumption of the capsules and seed by rodents or birds. Plants can
occur singly or as small populations of scattered individuals.
Phenology.
Flowering from June to mid-October with a two-day flowering cycle for
each flower.
Etymology. Named for Mark Collins (1963
-2011) an American horticulturist who was
an avid plant collector and enthusiast. For over twenty years he promoted Zingiberales
worldwide and provided hundreds of plants to botanical gardens for conservation. This
71
Boesenbergia longiflora and related taxa