LAO P.D.R.
Champasak Province. Near Pakxong, secondary forest, 2006, 1286 m., collected
by T. Wood, Mood 11P26 (BISH; *). THAILAND.
Mae Hong Son Province. 6 Sep 2010,
Mood & Triboun 2017 (BISH; *); Mae Hong Son, Khun Yuam, 5 Sep 1974,
Larsen 34174
(AAU).
Chiang Mai Province. Dong Duat waterfalls, 4 Sep 1999,
Mood 11P124 (BISH; *);
Chiang Mai, Fang, 7 Jun 1973, Geesink 5750 (BKF); Chiang Mai, Doi Sutep, 18 Jun 1988,
Maxwell 88-875 (BKF; *); Chiang Mai, Sop Aep, 1 Oct 1971,
Murata T-15458 (BKF); Chiang
Mai, Mae Sanam, 27 Jun 1978, Phengkhlai 4140 (BKF); Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon 14 Jul
1990, Phengkhlai 7516 (BKF); Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon NP, 20 Jul 1988, Phengkhlai 6619
(BKF; *); Chiang Mai, Doi Chiang Dao, 25 Sep 1971, Murata T-14944 (AAU, BKF; *);
Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon, 20 Jul 1988, Tamura T-60130 (BKF); Chiang Mai, Doi Sutep, 9
Aug 1988, Tamura T-60782 (BKF); Chiang Mai, Doi Chiang Dao, 9 Jun 1955, Fehrain 12477
(BKF); Chiang Mai, Doi Sutep, 11 Jul 1987, Maxwell 87-659 (BKF, CMU, L; *); Chiang Mai,
Chiang Dao, Doi Chiang Dao, 10 Jun 1989, Maxwell 89-731 (E); Chiang Mai, Fang, 26 May
1991, Maxwell 91-509 (E); Chiang Mai, Bo Luang, 4 Jul 1968, Larsen 2097 (AAU, BKF, L);
Chiang Mai, Doi Inthanon, 15 Sep 1995, Larsen 46499 (AAU); Chiang Mai, Doi Chiang Dao,
11 Sep 1967, Tagawa T-9865 (AAU); Chiang Mai, Baan Tham, Doi Chiang Dao, Watthana
737 (AAU).
Lampang Province. Lampang, Doi Kuhn Dahn, 27 Jun 1993, Maxwell 93-695
(BKF, CMU, L; *); Lampang, Jae Sawn NP, 24 Aug 1995, Maxwell 95-575 (BKF, CMU, L).
Tak Province. 9 Aug 2010,
Mood & Triboun 2040 (BISH; *).
Chiang Rai Province. Chiang
Rai, Doi Yup, 13 Jun 1926, Garrett 294 (BKF); Tha Sai, 12 Aug 1998, Mood & Pedersen 1450
(C; *).
Notes. This species is closely related to B. kingii as discussed in the phylogenetic
analyses. Since B. maxwellii has a rhizome architecture different from B. kingii, there
is little chance of misidentification where their ranges might overlap, i.e., Burma,
Thailand and possibly China. The most westerly (known) record of B. maxwellii is
in Chin State, Burma, separating it geographically from B. hamiltonii. Boesenbergia
maxwellii
differs from the latter in having larger flowers, different flower shape,
greater labellum texture, orange throat, a light and dark pink labellum and plant size
to c. 1.5 m.
Boesenbergia kingii Mood & L.M.Prince,
sp. nov.
Boesenbergiae longiflorae (Wall.) Kuntze
affinis, caulibus multiplicis, floribus
maioribus 5
−
6 cm longis 2.5
−
2.7 cm latis, labello minus saccato elongato cremee albo
fauce rubra differt.
TYPUS: Mood & Vatcharakorn 12P173, Cultivated in Hawaii, USA, 1 Nov 2012
(holo BK; iso AAU). Originally from Thailand, Kanchanaburi Province, Huai Kayeng,
secondary forest margin, c. 200 m asl, 14º38.49'N 98º31.40'E, 21 August 2011, Mood
& Vatcharakorn 3074, cultivated as
M3074. (Fig. 14, 15, 18 & 19E)
Deciduous herb up to c. 1 m tall;
rhizomes numerous, horizontal runners of variable
length, multiple nodes, c. 0.5
-1.5 cm diam., pink or red when young, orange or red
when mature, internally yellow to orange; tuberous roots few, elongate c. 6 × 0.3 cm,
orange or white externally and internally, root hairs few, short, thin, white. Pseudostems
many, up to 30 cm, composed of leaf sheaths, base oval, c. 2.5 cm diam., 1
-2 short,
76
Gard. Bull. Singapore 65(1) 2013
leafless sheaths at the base, leaf sheaths longitudinally ridged, cross-hatched, reddish
or green, glabrous, margin hyaline. Leaves 3
-7 per pseudostem; petiole 11-15 cm,
deeply channelled, green or red, glabrous; ligule slightly bilobed, an extension of the
hyaline margin, 4 mm long, white, translucent, glabrous; lamina elliptical 40
-45 ×
15
-16 cm, ventrally dark green, glabrous, dorsally lighter green, glabrous with a few
hairs on the midrib, base rounded to cordate, apex acute to attenuate.
Inflorescence
radical, c. 3
-10 per pseudostem, up 18 cm long (including peduncle) produced from
the top of the horizontal rhizome near the pseudostem, peduncle 1
-3 × 0.5-1 cm,
white or pink, glabrous, basal sheaths 1
-2, 4-6 × 1.5-2 cm, white; spike cylindrical,
slightly asymmetric, 11
-14 × 1-1.5 cm. Bracts linear to cymbiform, 4-5, c. 6-11 ×
1.5
-2 cm, distichously arranged, white, green or red, glabrous, surface veined, each
bract enclosing one flower, apex acute; bracteole lanceolate, c. 5-6 × 0.5 cm, white,
translucent, glabrous, open to the base, apex 2-dentate. Flowers 4
-
5 per inflorescence,
up to c. 20 cm long.
Calyx tubular, 2
-2.3 × 0.5 cm, white, translucent, glabrous, apex
tri-dentate. Floral tube c. 10
-15 cm long, c. 0.3-0.4 cm wide at the base, white, tinged
or striped pink, glabrous externally and internally, corolla lobes (dorsal and ventral)
oblong, c. 3.8
-4 × 1.4 cm, creamy-white, glabrous, margins involute; androecial
tube cup-shaped, c. 10
-12 mm long, c. 13 mm diam. at the top, white, glabrous
externally and internally. Labellum slightly saccate, elongate, 5
-6 cm long, c. 4
cm wide (when flattened at the broadest point) white to creamy-white, throat centre
bright red, maculate with white showing through as dots, lip creamy-white, abaxial
surface with a few glandular hairs, margin undulate, wrinkled, apex entire; lateral
staminodes obovate, 2.5 × 1.5 cm, creamy-white, abaxial surface with few glandular
hairs, apex rounded, revolute. Stamen
12 mm long, filament 3-4 mm long, 2-3 mm
wide at the base, white, glabrous, anther 8
-
9 mm long, 3 mm wide (first day) then c.
5 mm wide (thecae diverging on the second day) apex slightly bilobed with no anther
crest, thecae 9 × 1 mm, white, dehiscing along the entire length. Ovary c. 7 × 3 mm,
trilocular, axile placentation, white, glabrous; style
filiform, white, glabrous, stigma
elongate, white, ostiole vertically rectangular, without cilia, exuding a sticky liquid on
the second day; epigynous glands narrowly ovate, two, 8 mm long, white. Fruit not
seen. (Measurements based on living, cultivated material of M3074).
Distribution. A widespread species, found in Bangladesh, Burma, NE India, SW China
and Thailand.
Ecology. The type locality is in a disturbed area on the margin of a secondary, riverine
forest in very light shade at c. 200 m asl. The soil is a brown, gravelly alluvium. Recent
observations of this species in Eastern Assam and Eastern Thailand were in disturbed,
lowland forest with light shade. From limited observations, it seems to prefer flat
terrain with loose soils having high moisture holding capacity.
Phenology.
Flowers from May to September with a two-day flowering cycle for each
flower.
79
Boesenbergia longiflora and related taxa