Available
online at
www.IJournalSE.org
Emerging Science Journal
Vol. 3, No. 2, April, 2019
Page | 101
Studies on Synthesis, Characterization of
Modified Phenol
Formaldehyde Resin and Metal Adsorption of Modified Resin
Derived From Lignin Biomass
S. Arasaretnam
a,
*
, T. Kirudchayini
a
a
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eastern University, Vantharumoolai, Chenkalady, Sri Lanka
Abstract
This study was related to development of economically viable method of extraction of lignin from
saw dust in order to produce lignin modified phenolic resin and ecofriendly adhesives (bio-based
resin). This study cover to improve the mechanical properties by modification of phenol formaldehyde
resole resin using some additives such as boric acid, sulfuric acid and lignin biomass. The synthesis
and metal adsorption capacity of resin derived from lignin biomass were explored. Lignin sample was
extracted from sawdust of
Acacia sp
. collected from Batticaloa region by
alkali extraction method
called delignification process. Qualitative tests were carried out on the extracted alkali lignin and it
was used to prepare modified resin. Resin synthesized by using lignin substitution phenol and allowed
to condensation reaction in the presence of sodium hydroxide. Boron-modified phenol formaldehyde
resin was prepared by using boric acid with formalim method. The above reaction was performed for
four hours by refluxing with toluene. Which was produced a high viscous massive resin with 90%
yield. The absorbtion peak of B-O bond at 1362cm
-1
was observed at IR spectra. Rise in solid mass
content leads to produce smooth resin surface without causing cracks and bubbling. Phenol
formaldehyde resin was modified into their sulfonated forms to increase their ion exchange capacity,
since the ion exchange capacity of virgin resin was found to be zero. Conductivity property shown by
sulfonated resin(121mS/cm). The synthesized Lignin based PF resin
was used to study the metal
adsorption capacity of Cd
2+
in aqueous solution. The adsorption
capacity of heavy metal Cd
2+
ion
shown by lignin modified resin (55%) and lignin (86%). In this study sawdust lignin could be best
substitution for phenol in synthesis of Phenol-Formaldehyde resin.
It’s better due to their
sustainability, environmental control, low production cost and their ability to adsorb heavy metals.
Phenolic resin was modified with boric acid to improve thermal resistance property and to get smooth
resin surface.
Keywords:
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin (PFR);
Lignin;
Boron Modified Phenolic Resin (BPFR);
Lignin Based Phenolic Resin (LPFR);
Adsorption Capacity.