Fact-sheet 4 - Albania - 8189-00/2012
1.7
Functionality and strength of governmental organisation and
NGOs
The Ministry of Environment is functional in Albania with varying scope and responsibilities as decided by the changing governments. The current one includes
under its responsibility several agencies national and regional such as: Regional Environmental Agencies, Directorates of Forest Service, Agencies of Water and
Basins as well as the Inter‐institutional Operational Sea Centre.
The former Environment and Forests Agency was re‐organised in January 2015 and renamed National Environment Agency. Its administrative capacity was
strengthened. A State Inspectorate of Environment Forests and Waters (SIE) was also established in 2015. According to the EU Progress Report 2014 on Albania, the
environmental inspection system has limited resources and do not provide a credible guarantee that infringements are being properly monitored and punished.
Local government units have responsibilities especially related to water supply and sanitation and waste management. It has to be mentioned that waste
management is a challenge in the country. Environmental civil society and civic movement has seen a certain maturity as in various occasions civil support has been
gathered through media awareness and recently social media on hot discussion topics as far as important decisions with large impact on environment is concerned.
Some crucial ones can be mentioned such as the civil alliance against the processing of imported waste from Italy, the civil alliance and street protests against the
Syrian chemical weapons that were considered to be dismantled in Albania back in 2013 as well as protests and lawsuits on certain construction permits in
environmentally sensitive areas such as around the lake in Tirana.
Environmental civil society has also received support from international actors within and outside Albania. Global Environmental Facility continues to be active and
the country is preparing for its 6th round. In addition, a programme (2013 – 2015) financed by the Swedish government and implemented by the Regional
Environmental Centre (Support for Environmental Civil Society Organisatons in Albania ‐ SENiOR‐A) aims to strengthen and specialize environmental civil society
in Albania through articulating community needs, provide services and support, develop partnerships and networks, capable to address country environmental
priorities and progress towards sustainable development.
See list of documents
1.8
Improved possibility of implementing multilateral environmental
agreements
Albania is already beneficiary of international support from various partners including the UNDP, GIZ, ADA, Switzerland as well as recipient of World Bank loans.
It is particularly worth mentioning that the government is currently entering a new phase of implementing EU IPA support through budget support. While the field
of environment is not part of the initial six priority sectors (social policies, water, public administration, property rights, competitiveness) these areas will most
certainly include elements of environmental support that will further be explored. This new way of delivering EU assistance will put the government in the centre of
coordination and prioritization of interventions and will also hold it accountable for absorption and implementation capabilities.
See list of documents
1.9
Others
‐ Public consultation on public investments and participation in legislative initiatives need to be fostered.
‐ More strategic approach for the country is needed.
‐ Strengthen administrative capacity and interinstitutional cooperation.
‐ The Law on environmental impact assessment and the Law on environmental permits are not aligned with the Environmental Impact Assessment Directive.
‐ The Environment Ministry’s capacity for programming and implementation remains weak.
‐ Strengthen law enforcement, including training of judges, prosecutors and police on environmental issues.
‐ Limited administrative capacity and weak interinstitutional cooperation.
‐ Low implementation and enforcement levels.
Page 4
Fact-sheet 4 - Albania - 8189-00/2012
2.
Development of key criteria regarding the thematic operational
fields for environment and development
Explanation
Sources
2.1
Sustainable natural resource management and preserving
biodiversity
Explanation
Sources
2.1.1
Status and development trends of ecologically appropriate,
diversified agriculture and organic farming
2.1.2
Status and trends in the use of genetically modified organisms
2.1.3
Status and trends in land rights and land use rights and in
sustainable long‐term land‐use planning
2.1.4
Status of protected areas and resource conservation
2.1.5
Supporting sustainable forest and timber management
2.1.6
Environmental awareness of the population
2.1.7
Sustainable tourism concepts
Development of tourism products that create economic value based on preserved nature,
Tourism concepts that protect the environment and help to preserve endangered habitat or species,
CO2 reducing concepts of tourism and of transport in tourism (tourism re: mountains, lakes, farms, rural culture, national parks, wild life, marketing of local farming
products)
Environmental awareness raising among local population and tourists.
2.1.8
Sustainable tourism management concepts
Enterprises develop and adopt activities and concepts that manage tourism infrastructure based on sustainable natural resources,
Local/ national government develop and adopt tourism activities and concepts based on sustainable natural resources,
Networks and civil society support environmentally sustainable tourism management.
2.1.9
Risks and potentials
2.2
Sustainable chemicals and waste management
Explanation
Sources
2.3
Climate protection
Explanation
Sources
2.4
Water and sanitation
Explanation
Sources
2.4.1
Status and trends regarding the improvement of basic services
and health (sector objective)
(i) Early stage, little progress, law on integrated water management was adopted.
(ii) Improved water sources: 96% access stays the same from 2005 to 2012.
Improved sanitation: access improves from 87% (2005) to 91 (2012).
(v) Drinking water coverage estimates ‐ Albania
Piped onto premises:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 96; 2012: 91. ‐ rural (%): 1995: 40; 2012: 63. ‐ total (%): 1995: 62; 2012: 78.
Other improved source:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 4; 2012: 6. ‐ rural (%): 1995: 54; 2012: 31. ‐ total (%): 1995: 34; 2012: 18.
Other unimproved:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 0; 2012: 3. ‐ rural (%): 1995: 4; 2012: 6. ‐ total (%): 1995: 3; 2012: 4.
Surface water:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 0; 2012: 0. ‐ rural (%): 1995: 2; 2012: 0. ‐ total (%): 1995: 1; 2012: 0.
Santiation coverage estimates ‐ Albania
Improved facilities:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 95; 2012: 95. ‐ rural (%): 1990: 71; 2012: 86. ‐ total (%): 1990: 79; 2012: 91.
Shared facilities:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 4; 2012: 4. ‐ rural (%): 1990: 8; 2012: 9. ‐ total (%): 1990: 6; 2012: 7.
Other unimproved:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 1; 2012: 1. ‐ rural (%): 1990: 20; 2012: 4. ‐ total (%): 1990: 14; 2012: 2.
Open defecation:
‐ urban (%): 1990: 0; 2012: 0. ‐ rural (%): 1990: 1; 2012: 1. ‐ total (%): 1990: 1; 2012: 0.
(x) Water quantity available for many people increased; in irrigation, not much was done; improved sewerage in major cities; sector still remains far behind because
of its inefficiency.
(i), (ii), (v), (x)
Page 5
Dostları ilə paylaş: |