Galaxy Formation and Evolution

Redshift

• Hierarchical Formation

• HOW WERE THE GALAXIES FORMED ?

• 300,000 yr after
• the Big Bang

• 12 billion yr later

• The Early Universe

• The last scattering surface of the cosmic microwave background reveals information on very low amplitude density variations in the dark matter 300,000 years after the Big Bang, and on the origin of these fluctuations within the first 10-35 sec.

• COBE

• Boomerang

• Simulations of the Developments of Large Scale Structures in the Universe: Dark Matter and Gas Dynamics

• Foreground Cluster Abell 2218

• Background Galaxies

• The Distribution of (invisible) Dark Matter can be mapped using the (Gravitational Lens) Distortion of the Images of Background Galaxies

• Galaxies at z> 2 are multiple
• with evidence of merging

• Assembly of large Galaxies was
• evidently completed at z<1

• Galaxy Evolution

• Visible (baryonic) Matter is at the
• Center of the Gravitational Wells

• The merging of two Galaxies

• Stephan’s Quintet

• The Center of the Milky Way

• Optical

• Submillimeter (SCUBA)

• The Effect of Dust

• UV

• Visible

• Infrared

• Submm/mm

• Add Dust

• Infrared/submm Spectrum of Galaxies: Dust & Gas

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