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ФАРИДА АЛЛАХВЕРДИЕВА
Бакинский Государственный Университет
РОЛЬ ПЕРВОБЫТНЫХ РЕЛИГИЙ
В ОБЩЕСТВЕННОЙ ЖИЗНИ ДРЕВНИХ ТЮРКОВ
Проведение исследований по образу жизни турок до исла-
ма, древние религии, традиционные турецкие религии, тенгрист-
ва, бог неба, кам-шаманов, вера в духов предков, стояли в центре
вопроса система религии и убеждений. До принятия ислама, тур-
ки также были членами монотеистических систем верований. Эти
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религии и религиозные верования оказали большое влияние на
формирование и развитие религии и культуры тюрков.
FARIDA ALLAHVERDIYEVA
Baku State University
THE ROLE OF PRIMORDIAL RELIGIONS
IN THE CULTURAL HISTORY OF TURKS
The scientific researches which examines history and cultural
lifestyle of the preislamic Turks are mainly focuses on the topics like
ancient beliefs of Turks. Ancient Turk’s traditional religions as
tengrism, animism, totemism and shamanism are always stayed on the
center of these studies. Before their adoption of Islam, Turkish people
experienced monotheistic beliefs in their religious life. As the research
findings reveal these ancient religious played crucial role over the
formation and develepment of Turkish culture.
__________________________________
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Guljannat HUSEYNLİ
Baku State University,
Faculty of History, senior B.A student
E-mail: guljannathuseynli@gmail.com
THE MILITARY-POLITICAL PRESENCE
OF THE U.S AND RUSSIA IN THE POST-SOVIET
SOUTHERN CAUCASUS REGION: NATIONAL INTERESTS
OR A COMPATITION
Scientific advisor:
Javid ALİSGANDARLİ
Baku
State University
Key words: South Caucasus, the U.S, Russia, military-political presence
Açar sözlər: Cənubi Qafqaz, Birləşmiş Ştatlar, Rusiya, hərbi-siyasi
iştirak
Ключевые слова: Южный Кавказ, США, Россия, военно-полити-
ческое присутствие
Introduction. The issue of military-political presence has been one
of the major discourse subject among international relations scholars
for a long time. The main challenging questions of contemporary
international politics on military-political presence is whether the
Russia and the U.S has national interests in this region or they are
willing to prove that each one of them is world power.
With the following essay, in order to answer the question of
whether the USA and Russia has factual presence in the post-soviet
Southern Caucasus region as a global power today, I elaborate the
following issues. I analyze the concept of global interests and
national interests in international relations from military-political
presence perspective. Secondly, I elaborate on the main discourses
concerning the national interests in the contemporary International
Relations. And finally, I conduct a comparative analysis of the power
policies of Russia and the USA in order to examine the differences
and specific characteristics that the latter maintained in order to
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pursue its hegemonic position and rule as the only super power in the
region. In this paper I argue that the U.S has no chance for being
involved with the region in the military level compare to Russia.
Moreover, the research focuses on historical comparison and
political analysis of the main directions of the political-military
policies of the U.S and Russia in the post-soviet Southern Caucasus
region starting from the 1990s. Additionally, it highlights the main
geostrategic goals and national interests and their influence of the
policy of the U.S in the post-soviet South Caucasus compared to
Russia in the late XX century and beginning of the XXI century.
What is the military-political presence?
In order to understand the military-political presence of the U.S
and the Russia in the post-soviet Southern Caucasus region, first of
all the term of “military-political presence” should be defined. In this
paper, question of what is military-political presence and its impact
to interstate relations? Has been clarified from scientific perspective.
According to the present scientific-political researches, the
military-political presence has been defined as a preventive action
which aims to prevent the predicted possible risk that may come
from the potential opponent. This term assessing as the neutralization
power tool against the possible hazard. However, military-political
presence is not only the term that covers the meaning of factual
location of the one state’s military base to another’s territory, but
also, covers the ability to battle of this military base (8). Having the
military base abroad, in another word, military-political presence
gives some superiorities to those states who has the military bases
abroad.
According to associate prof. Sevinj Ruintan, Advantages of
having military base in other state are the followings:
- Having alternative impact tools;
- Having more opportunities to cooperate actively with
regional
allies and gaining new allies;