Ministry of higher and secondary special education of the republic uzbekistan state world languages university

5.2.
 
Comparative analysis of English and Native languages words 
 
Key points for discussion: 

Word as a basis unit of a language 

Paradigmatic and syntagmatic relations of words 

Semantic classification of words

Classification of words according to their structure
 
 
The main unit of the lexical system of a language resulting from the 
association of a group of sounds with a meaning is a word. This unit is used in 
grammatical functions characteristic of it. It is the smallest language unit which 
can stand alone as a complete utterance. A word, however, can be divided into 
smaller sense units - morphemes. The morpheme is the smallest meaningful 
language unit.
The morpheme consists of a class of variants, allomorphs, which are either 
phonologically or morphologically conditioned, e.g. please, pleasant, pleasure. 
Morphemes are divided into two large groups: lexical morphemes and grammatical 
(functional) morphemes. Both lexical and grammatical morphemes can be free and 
bound. Free lexical morphemes are roots of words which express the lexical 
meaning of the word, they coincide with the stem of simple words.
Free grammatical morphemes are function words:

articles 

conjunctions

prepositions(the,with, and).
Bound lexical morphemes are affixes: 

prefixes (dis-)

suffixes (-ish) 

blocked (unique) root morphemes (e.g. Fri-day, cran-berry).
Word is a basic two sided and independent unit of a language. It has been 
attracted the attentions of many linguists from ancient times. Thus, thewordis the 
basis unit of a language, directly corresponds to the object of thought (referent)- 
which is a generalized reverberation of a certain ‘slice’, ‘piece’ of objective reality 
and by immediately referring to it names the thing meant. Words in all languages 
can be distinguished as followings: 

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