The andrzej soltan institute for nuclear studies

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Tukan-8k Analyzer
I/O Connections and LED Indicators
1.3.1
The left part of the figure below shows front panel of the device, while right part
shows back panel with USB and power connectors and two bicolor LEDs. 
Front panel contains analog BNC input connector and four TTL I/O LEMO
connectors (Ports A, B, C and D). Designation of the TTL connectors depends on
the operational mode of the device and established settings.
The power connector is discussed in Section III.2.2 The USB plug should be
adequate to the B-type receptacle.
The lower LED is used for indication of external power status (it is blank when no
external power is applied). It is lighted red when external voltage is outside given
range. It is lighted green and device is powered when the voltage is between
+5.5V and +9V. 
Lighting states of upper LED represent various operational modes of the device
and also its failures. In normal operation the diode is flashed green when device
is acquiring data (running) and it is lighted continuously green when device is
stopped. 
For other lighting states see "Hardware Technical ReferenceTukan-8k-USB".
Tukan-8k-USB
Powering the device
1.3.2
The device can be powered either from the USB port or from external DC power
source. The USB bus power supply is a primary power source, however an
external power supply prevails – it is ultimately used when applied. 
The external power supply, which may be either a DC wall adaptor or a battery,
should be used when device is connected to bus powered USB hub or when it is
autonomously operating without PC or LAPTOP connected. 
The DC external voltage is applied by means of EIAJ RC-5320 Class IV
socket/plug connectors. Note, that internal pin is used for positive voltage.  The
requirements for external DC voltage are:
¤
minimal voltage: 5.5V
¤
maximal voltage:  9V
¤
minimal current load:  200 mA.
Tukan-8k-USB
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TUKAN 8k
MCA - Multichannel Analyzer mode
1.3.3
Principle of operation is as follows: input analog signal (pulse) is stretched,
converted to digital value proportional to its height and normalized to a number of
channels and maximum pulse height value, which is 10V; such a value defines
the address of a unique channel in histogram memory, which is incremented by
one.
Performance
PEAK DETECT & HOLD Transconductance circuitry accepting rising edges up
to 100 ns.
ADC  Successive approximation type (16 bits) with sliding scale averaging
MAX RESOLUTION  8k; 8192 channels, software selectable as 8192, 4096,
2048 and 1024 blocks.
DEAD TIME PER EVENT  < 5 µs, including memory transfer.
INTEGRAL NONLINEARITY  <= ±0.05% over the top 99% dynamic range
DIFFERENTIAL NONLINEARLY  < ±1% over the top 99% dynamic range
GAIN INSTABILITY  <= ±1 ppm / 0C.
HISTOGRAMMING MEMORY  8k channels (volatile): 224 counts per each
channel (almost 17 millions counts).
Information accessible on-line
·
current real and live acquisition time (in seconds)
·
count in region of interest (regardless of imposed stop criterion)
·
live time per second (in increments of 3.906 ms)
·
number of events per second
Presets
REAL TIME OR LIVE TIME  Data acquisition real or live time preset in multiples
of exact one-second intervals; selectable automatic stop on real or live time
exhaustion; maximal preset time = 2
20
  s.
REGION OF INTEREST  Integral count inside or outside established preset
window, selectable automatic stop on up to 2
32
 integral counts.
DATA OVERFLOW  Terminate acquisition when any channel exceeds 2
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–1.
ADC LLD and ULD  Computer controlled independent thresholds (lower and
upper level) both covering full amplitude range with 12 bit accuracy
CONTROLLING  Fully controlled by host computer via USB  Interface. After
disconnection of the host the device continues to acquire data and accumulate
them in the internal memory. Data may be retrieved when host is connected
again. 
Inputs and Outputs
ANALOG INPUT  Accepts positive unipolar or bipolar semigaussian type pulses
of shaping time constants >= 100 ns. DC Coupled. The dynamic range is 10mV
to +10 V. BNC connector.

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25
Tukan-8k Analyzer
Port A (GATE)  Active HIGH TTL compatible logic gate. Computer controlled
Gating/Nongating and Coincidence/Anti-coincidence mode. Active state of this
signal (HIGH for coincidence and LOW for anticoincidence) must occur prior to
and extend 200 ns beyond the peak of analog pulse. LEMO connector.
Port B (SCA-OUT) – Output; 100 ns wide positive pulse generated when the
gate justified Single Channel Analyzer detects a pulse inside the voltage window
with peak detection provided.
Port C (RUNING) – Output; positive level indicating when acquisition is running.
Port D (BUSY) – Output; positive pulse indicating when analog circuitry is busy
(Analog Input is above the ZLD or conversion is in progress).
Tukan-8k-USB
MCS - Multichannel Scaling mode
1.3.4
The device hardware and software provides medium speed Multi-Channel
Scaling (MCS). The MCS acquisition mode is used for applications requiring a
measu-rement of intensity vs. time and includes interface logic to TTL pulses
coming from some measuring instrument. The maximum counting frequency is
8 MHz and is synchronized with the 20 MHz reference clock. Event counting can
also be performed on signals coming directly from a detector/amplifier by using
the ADC BNC input. The ADC BNC input signal is then processed by the Single
Channel Analyzer (SCA). This mode of operation allows event counting up to a
frequency of 1 MHz. The computer controlled SCA window makes signal filtering
easy.
The Multi-Channel Scaler records the counting rate of events as a function of
time. When a scan is started, the MCS begins by counting input events in the first
time slot (channel 0) in the digital memory. At the end of a preset period of time,
called "dwell time", the MCS advances to the next channel in the memory and
continues the counting. The dwell and advance processes are repeated until the
MCS has scanned through the preset number of channels. A single scan through
all selected channels is called a sweep, which may be repeated selected number
of times. In multi-sweep mode the accumulated data may be either replaced by
the new sweep or they may be summed channel by channel. Starting a sweep,
as well as advancing from one channel to the next, may be triggered internally or
externally. 
Performance
·
Maximum counting rate – 8 MHz
·
Minimal pulse pair resolution – 60 ns
·
Minimal dwell time  (step) – 2 m s 
·
Dwell Time – up to 224 steps optionally multiplied up to 256
·
Sweep Length – up to 8192 channels with automatic or externally triggered
sweep repetition 
·
Acquisition modes – summing or replacing
·
No dead time between channels and sweeps
·
Possibility to use Single Channel Analyzer as an counting input (SCA formed
from MCA with threshold presetting)
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