Zaporozhyan state medical university departement of infectious diseases

44 

STRONGYLOIDIASIS  

Etiology 

Strongyloides stercoralis  

Epidemiology 

Anthroponosis. 

 

Percutaneous and peroral geohelminthiasis  

 

The factors of the transmission are soil, vegetables, fruits  

 

The contingents of risk is miners, earthworkers  

Pathogenesis 

In infection through the skin larvae → into the tissue → blood and 

lymphatic vessels → heart → lungs → oral cavity → intestine 

Clinical  

manifestations 

Migratory phase  

Intestinal  phase 

 



 

allergic and general toxic 

reactions 



 

skin itch 



 

rash 



 

Leffler’s syndrome 



 

damage of mucous membrane 



 

disorder of the absorbtion of the 

fats and  



 

hypoproteinemia 

 

Compilations 



 

ulcerous damage of the intestine 



 

perforative peritonitis 



 

necrotic pancreatitis  



 

intestinal hemorrhages 



 

myocarditis  



 

meningoencephalitis  



 

chaxexia   

Diagnostics 

 

General clinical 

methods 



 

eosinophilia (till 40%) is marked in early phase 



 

anemia, accelerated ESR are marked in late phase 

Biochemical methods  



 

dysproteinemia 



 

increase level of bilirubinum 

Specific methods  



 

finding of the larvae in sputum, duodenal secretum, feci 

Treatment 

Migratory phase  

Intestinal  phase 



 

pathogenetic therspy (antiallergic remedies) 



 

thiabendazole 

Prophylaxis 



 

detection and treatment of the patient 



 

general sanitary mezures 



 

in endemic areas it is necessary to use only boiling water 



 

defense of the open parts of the body from larvae 



 

devastation of the soil (10% NaCl, mineral fertilizations) 

 

 

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45 

Trichinellosis 

Etiology 

Trichinella spiralis 

 

Zoonosis. Peroral biohelminthiasis.  

 

Epidemiology 

The sourses of infection 

 

↓ 

↓ 

 

Natural foci 

 (beers, wolfs, foxes) 

Anthropurgic foci 

(pigs, dogs, cats) 

 

The factor of the transmission is insufficient thermal 

processing of the meat 

 

Immunity is no prolonged. It is possible repeated infection 

Pathogenesis 

Larvae are freed from the cyst walls in the stomach and in the small 

intestine by acid-pensis digestion → blood  → skeletal muscles 

(incapsuling) → A cyst wall develops around the larva and may eventually 

calcify. Larvae may remain viable for several years..  

The leading factor of pathogenesis – sensilization → allergic vasculitis 

Clinical manifestations 

  



 

enteritis, nausea, abdominal pain  



 

periorbital edema and edema of the face 



 

mialgia 



 

fever 



 

eosinophylia  (50-90%) 



 

skin rash 

Compilations 



 

myocarditis 



 

pneumonia 



 

meningoencephalitis 



 

hepatitis 



 

nephritis 



 

systemic vasculitis 



 

thrombophlebitis 



 

thrombocytopenia 

Diagnostics 



 

trichinelloskopy (investigation of the meat) 



 

immunological methods 



 

skin allergic test 

Treatment 

Etiotropic  

Pathogenetic 



 

vermox 



 

thiabendazole 



 

desensibilizative remedies 



 

desintoxication therapy 

Prophylaxis 



 

investigation of the meat of presence for Trichinella spiralis 

 

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46 

Appendix№2 

Professional algorithm for formation practical skills  

of the diagnostics cestodoses  

(diphyllobothriasis, hymenolepiasis, echinoccosis ,pork warm disease  and 

cystecercosis, beef worm disease), and trematodoses (fascioliases, 

opisthorchiasis)  

№ Task 

 

 

 

1. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2. 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

Possess of 

the methods 

of clinical 

examination 

of the 

patient with 

cestodoses  

and / or 

trematodose

s  

 

1. To elucidate 

complaints of the 

patient. 

 

 

 

 

 

2. To take the history 

(anamnesis) 

I.  Anamnesis  

of disease 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

II. Life history  

To determine complaints of the patient, 

which are typical for syndromes: 

- general intoxication 

- allergic manifestations 

- disorders of gastrointestinal tract . 

 

To pay attention on appearance and 

dynamics of: 

- fever; 

- irritation; 

- headache; 

- disorder of sleep; 

- disorder of stool; 

- rash; 

- pain in the epigastrium area 

 

 

To establish the diseases in the last, 

anamnesis of vaccination. 

 

Use into food dirty fruits and vegetables, 

insufficiency thermal processing pork, 

beef or fresh water fish, water plants; 

contact with dogs; presence in the 

endemic areas (opisthorchiasis) 

 

 

 

Remember: presence, dynamics of the 

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