Indo-European Family of Languages Prepared by Furkhat Checked by Mr. Khuanishbay Introduction

Consequently, this sizeable Celtic-speaking area became Romanised, but Latin became the dominant language that caused the disappearance of the Continental Celtic languages, the main of which was Gaulish.

Germanic

The Germanic branch is divided into three sub-branches:

1) East Germanic that not extinct;

2) North Germanic that involves Old Norse, the ancestor of all modern Scandinavian languages;

3) West Germanic that includes Old English, Old Saxon, and Old High German.

The earliest evidence of Germanic-speaking people dates back to the first half of the 1st millennium BC.

They inhabited an area, stretching from southern Scandinavia to the coast of the northern Baltic Sea.

During prehistoric times, the Germanic-speaking tribes contacted with Finnic speakers in the North and with Balto-Slavic tribes in the East.

Such an interaction caused borrowing several terms from Finnish and Balto-Slavic by the Germanic language.

Armenian

The origins of the Armenian-speaking people is a topic still unclear. The Armenians and the Phrygians are supposed to belong to the same migratory wave that entered Anatolia, coming from the Balkans around the late 2nd millennium BC.

The Armenians settled in an area around Lake Van, currently Turkey.

This region belonged to the state of Urartu during the early 1st millennium BC.

In the 8th century BC, Urartu came under Assyrian control, and in the 7th century BC, the Armenians took over the region.

The Medes absorbed the region soon after, and Armenia became a vassal state. During the time of the Achaemenid Empire, the region turned into a Persian satrapy.

The Persian domination had a strong linguistic impact on Armenian, which misleads many scholars in the past to believe that Armenian belonged to the Iranian group.