Internal disease

a. Replication

b. integration

c. proliferation

d. fibrosis

97. 
    Characteristic of cytolytic syndrome is :
    

a. increase: ALT, AST, LDG5

b. increase: direct bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, uGTP, cholesterol

c. The increase in indirect bilirubin, ALT decrease, Ugtp

d. liver dysease

98. 
    The sign, which is pathognomonic for primary liver cancer:
    

a. jaundice

b. nodular liver

c. Increasing the level of alpha-fetoprotein *

d. Increased aminotransferase levels

99. 
    Bleeding risk factor of esophageal BRB in patients with liver cirrhosis is:
    

a. ascites,

b. splenomegaly

c. The presence of erosions and flare spots in the projection of BPB esophagus

d. hepatic encephalopathy

100. 
     In the diagnosis of cirrhosis of the liver is crucial:
     

1. 
   The level of albumin
   
2. 
   The level of bilirubin
   
3. 
   hepatomegaly
   
4. 
   The data liver biopsy
   

107.Most early appeared symptom of biliary cirrhos is :

a. bleeding gums

b. The enlargement of the spleen

c. pruritus

d. The increase in ALT and ACT

101. 
     Pathognomonic syndrome biliary cirrhosis:
     

a. dyspeptic

b. asthenic

c. Portal Hypertension

d. cholestasis

102. 
     The daily iron absorption in the small intestine is:
     

a. 1,5-2mg

b. 5-10mg

c. 15-20mg

d. 25-50mg

103. 
     Iron supplements are appointed
     

a. for a period of 1-2 weeks

b. long, for 4-5 months

c. to normalization of hemoglobin, 2 weeks for the depot iron and further courses.

d. for 1 month

104. 
     The clinical manifestations of anemia:
     

a. bleeding

b. anemic syndrome *

c. signs funicular myelosis

d. infectious complications

105. 
     Intrinsic factor is produced in
     

a. fundus area of ​​the stomach *

b. duodenum

c. Serum

d. the wall of the small intestine

106. 
     What are the main etiological factor of acute glomerulonephritis:
     

a. Staphylococcus aureus;

b. Klebsiella;

c. β-hemolytic Streptococcus group A;

d. Pseudomonas aeruginosa;

107. 
     The indication for the purpose of glucocorticoids in chronic glomerulonephritis is:
     

a. nephrotic syndrome

b. hypertension

c. renal failure

d. hematuria

108. 
     All of the symptoms characteristic of glomerulonephritis
     

a. Hypertension, The urine changes, edema

b. Pain in the lumbar region, edema, dysuria

c. dysuria, bleeding, pain

d. itching, dysuria, hypertension

109. 
     Determination of the most informative indicator for the detection of nephrotic syndrome?
     

a. proteinuria

b. glomerular filtration

c. Serum creatinine

d. serum cholesterol

110. 
     Nechiporenko sample allows you to:
     

a. to determine the magnitude of proteinuria

b. to determine the degree of hematuria and leukocyturia

c. To clarify the value of the relative density of urine

d. estimate the glomerular filtration rate

111. 
     For the diagnosis of secondary amyloidosis is the most important is:
     

a. urography

b. nephrotic syndrome

c. renal failure

d. Kidney biopsy or mucous gums

112. 
     The causes of anemia in chronic renal failure:
     

a. transferrin deficiency, erythropoietin deficiency

b. Folic acid deficiency

c. hemorrhage

d. hemolysis

113. 
     The most frequent causative agent in inflammatory process in the urinary tract:
     

a. Pseudomonas aeruginosa

b. Klebsiella

c. E. coli

d. enterococcus

114. 
     CRF is a sign:
     

a. arterial hypertension

b. hypokalemia

c. The increase in blood creatinine level

d. oliguria

115. 
     Which of the systemic disease is not accompanied by the development of chronic glomerulonephritis?
     

a. rheumatism

b. periarteritis nodosa

c. hemorrhagic vasculitis

d. ankylosing spondylitis

116. 
     Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by:
     

a. hypercholesterolemia

b. daily loss of protein over 3 g

c. hypotension

d. hyperlipidemia

117. 
     Тhe treatment of chronic pyelonephritis is used:
     

a. antibiotics

b. antiplatelet agents

c. kortikosterovdov

d. methylxanthines

136. What is "uremia"?

a. The increase in blood urea level

b. The increase in urea and creatinine

c. The clinical manifestations of toxicity associated with renal failure

d. violation of the acid-base status

118. 
     In glomerulonephritis affected:
     

a. tubules

b. glomerulus

c. renal pelvis

d. vessel

119. 
     The triad symptoms in acute glomerulonephritis are:
     

a. hematuria, edema, hypertension

b. pyuria, bacteriuria, hypertension

c. hematuria, bacteriuria, swelling

d. leucocyturia, cylindruria, swelling

120. 
     Swelling of the face, hypertension, urine color "meat slops" are observed at:
     

a. urolithiasis

b. acute glomerulonephritis

c. acute cystitis

d. chronic pyelonephritis

121. 
     Etiotropic treatment of acute glomerulonephritis
     

a. analginum

b. Dibazolum

c. Lasix

d. penicillin

122. 
     A massive edema, common to the whole body – it:
     

a. hydrosarca

b. ascites

c. hydropericardium

d. hydrothorax

123.In acute glomerulonephritis develops:

a. glycosuria

b. dysuria

c. oliguria

d. polyuria

124. The main cause of acute pyelonephritis

a. infection

b. malnutrition

c. subcooling

d. stress

125. Fever, pain in the lumbar region, leucocyturia observed in :

a. urolithiasis

b. acute glomerulonephritis

c. acute pyelonephritis

d. chronic glomerulonephritis

126. Urinalysis in acute glomerulonephritis:

a. hematuria, proteinuria, cylindruria

b. hematuria, glycosuria, Piura

c. leucocyturia, proteinuria, cylindruria

d. leucocyturia, proteinuria, bacteriuria

127. 
     Bacteriuria observed in:
     

a. urolithiasis

b. acute glomerulonephritis

c. acute pyelonephritis

d. chronic glomerulonephritis

127. 
     In the treatment of acute pyelonephritis apply:
     

a. isoniazid, diphenhydramine

b. nitroglycerin, Corvalol

c. nitroksolin, ampicillin

d. enteroseptol heparin

127. 
     The main cause of acute cystitis
     

a. gipovitaminoz

b. infection

c. subcooling

d. stress

127. 
     Clinical symptoms of acute cystitis:
     

a. edema, hypertension,

b. pain in the lumbar region, fever

c. pain in the lumbar region, gross hematuria

d. fever, cramps during urination

127. 
     Alkaline urine reaction observed in:
     

a. acute glomerulonephritis

b. acute pyelonephritis

c. chronic glomerulonephritis

d. acute cystitis

127. 
     Causal treatment for acute cystitis:
     

a. analgesics

b. vitamins

c. Diuretics

d. uroantiseptic.

127. 
     In renal colic, urinary observed:
     

a.macrohematuria

b. leucocyturia

c. glycosuria

d. bacteriuria

127. 
     Laboratory signs of rheumatoid arthritis activity are:
     

a. increasing the level of CRP;

b. acceleration of ESR;

c. increase the level of LDH;

d. leukocytosis;

127. 
     The activity of rheumatoid arthritis indicate:
     

a. the acceleration of ESR;

b. morning stiffness more than 1 hour;

c. increase in ALT;

d. Heberden's nodes;

127. 
     Rheumatoid arthritis often suffer from:
     

a. girls and young women aged 20-30 years

b. middle-aged women aged 30-55 years

c. old women and the elderly

d. young men aged 20-30 years

127. 
     In the modern classification of the duration of the early stages of rheumatoid arthritis:
     

a. less than 6 months

b. at least 1 year

c. at least 2 years

d. at least 5 years

127. 
     In the modern classification of the duration of late-stage rheumatoid arthritis:
     

a. more than 6 months

b. more than 1 year

c. more than 2 years

d. over 5 years

127. 
     Rheumatoid factor - is:
     

a. an antibody to the DNA

b. antibodies to the aggregated IgG

c. antibodies to GP 330

d. increasing the level of uric acid in the blood

127. 
     In rheumatoid arthritis, specific autoantibodies to pathogenesis are:
     

a. antistreptolysin O

b. antinuclear factor

c. antibodies to the circulating peptide citruline

d. an antibody to DNA

127. 
     It is characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis:
     

a. symmetrical inflammation of more than 3 peripheral joints

b. asymmetric inflammation of 2-3 large joints

c. asymmetrical inflammation of the 1st large joints

d. symmetrical inflammation of the sacroiliac joint

127. 
     In rheumatoid arthritis occurs:
     

a. symmetric polyarthritis

b. asymmetric arthritis

c. an asymmetric oligoarthritis

d. asymmetrical monoarthritis

127. 
     Rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by joint damage following character:
     

a. the nature of the volatile

b. persistent progressive nature

c. unstable non-progressive in nature

d. fully reversibl

127. 
     For rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by predominant involvement of:
     

a. the large joints

b. the joints of the lower extremities

c. the knee and small joints of the hands and feet

d. joints of the spine

127. 
     In rheumatoid arthritis, the most commonly affected:
     

a. knee joints

b. the sacroiliac joints

c. the small joints of the hands

d. small joints of the feet

127. 
     In rheumatoid arthritis, a potentially reversible clinical signs of joint damage are:
     

a. chondrite

b. synovitis

c. ankylosis

d. achilles

127. 
     In rheumatoid arthritis clinical signs of irreversible joint damage are:
     

a) chondritis

b) synovitis

c) ankylosis

d) achillitis

127. 
     In the early stages of rheumatoid arthritis are the following features of a symmetric polyarthritis:
     

a) exudative signs of potentially reversible

b) irreversible exudative signs

c) potentially reversible proliferative (fibrotic, sclerotic) signs

d) irreversible proliferative (fibrotic, sclerotic) signs

e) ankylosing

127. 
     In late-stage rheumatoid arthritis are the following features of a symmetric polyarthritis:
     

a) exudative signs of potentially reversible

b) irreversible exudative signs

c) potentially reversible proliferative (fibrotic, sclerotic) signs

d) irreversible proliferative (fibrotic, sclerotic) signs and ankylosing

127. 
     For the early stages of rheumatoid arthritis are characterized morning stiffness duration:
     

a) up to 30 minutes

b) from 30 minutes to 1 hour

c) over 2 hours

d) during the day

127. 
     Late stages of rheumatoid arthritis are characterized morning stiffness duration:
     

a) up to 30 minutes

b) from 30 minutes to 1 hour

c) over 2 hours, sometimes within days

d) from 30 sec to 1 min

127. 
     In early stage of rheumatoid arthritis during lateral compression on metatarsophalangeal joints and pain:
     

a) decreases

b) decrease sharply

c) disappear

d) appears or increases

127. 
     With extra-articular rheumatoid arthritis (systemic) symptoms may be:
     

a) only in the early stages of the disease

b) only at a late stage of the disease

c) in both early and late stages of the disease

d) only when transformed in systemic lupus erythematosus

127. 
     In rheumatoid arthritis symptoms such as rheumatoid nodules, muscle inflammation, lymphadenopathy, rheumatoid vasculitis, visceritis, nervous system, eyes, and blood system, as well as fever and weight loss are:
     

a) a complication of the disease

b) a low disease activity

c) the systemic manifestations of the disease

d) transformation of a systemic lupus erythematosus

127. 
     The most frequent type of systemic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis are:
     

a) rheumatoid nodules

b) muscle inflammation

c) lymphadenopathy

d) rheumatoid vasculitis

127. 
     The most frequent type of lesions of the musculoskeletal system at the early stages of rheumatoid arthritis are myalgia (sometimes myositis):
     

a) intercostals muscles of the hand

b) the muscles of the forearm

c) the muscles of the shoulder girdle

d) thigh muscles

127. 
     The most frequent type of lesions of the musculoskeletal system at the late stage of rheumatoid arthritis is atrophy:
     

a) intercostals muscles of the hand

b) the muscles of the forearm

c) the muscles of the shoulder girdle

d) thigh muscles

127. 
     Kidney damage in rheumatoid arthritis is manifested most often:
     

a) latent glomerulonephritis

b) nephrotic glomerulonephritis

c) secondary amyloidosis of the kidneys

d) pyelonephritis

127. 
     The most specific laboratory parameters of rheumatoid arthritis is the detection of a high level of blood:
     

a) C-reactive protein

b) uric acid

c) factor and antinuclear antibodies to DNA

d) rheumatoid factors and antibodies to circulating citrulline peptide

127. 
     What disease characterized by high levels of rheumatoid factor and antibodies to the circulating peptide citrulline:
     

a) acute rheumatic fever

b) osteoarthritis

c) gout

d) rheumatoid arthritis

127. 
     The most specific radiological sign of rheumatoid arthritis is:
     

a) periarticular osteoporosis

b) osteophytes and osteosclerosis

c) joint space narrowing

d) marginal bone erosion

127. 
     What disease characterized by marginal bone erosion in the joints of the X-ray of joints:
     

a) acute rheumatic fever

b) osteoarthritis

c) gout

d) rheumatoid arthritis

127. 
     Serum urea is produced by:
     

a) liver

b) renal

c) pancreas

d) stomach

127. 
     Functions of kidney:
     

a) excretory, regulatory, endocrine, metabolic;

b) protein inhibitor, circulation, transportation, excretory;

c) protein produced, regulatory, excretory;

d) excretory, transportation, metabolic;

127. 
     Glamerular filtration rate:
     

a) 100-120ml/min

b) 120-160ml/min

c) 80-60ml/min

d)1010-1040ml/min.

127. 
     Increased serum creatinine independent of glamerular filtration rate:
     

a) ketoacidosis, drugs;

b) advanced age, liver disease;

c) cachexia, liver disease;

d) lung disease

127. 
     Decreased serum creatinine independent of glamerular filtration rate:
     

a) ketoacidosis, cachexia,;

b) advanced age, liver disease, cachexia ;

c) cachexia, liver disease;

d) drugs

127. 
     Felty`s syndrome is:
     

a) the association of splenonegaly and neutropenia with RA;

b) the association of splenomegalia and neutropenia with SLE;

c) the association of hepato-splenomegalia with RA;

d) the association spleno-hepatomegalia with SLE.

127. 
     Sings of osteoarthritis:
     

a) joint swelling;

b) crepitus;

c) morning stiffness;

d) fever;

127. 
     Treatmen of gout:
     

a)NSAIDs, corticosteroids;

b)B-blocers;

c) H2inhibitors, NSAIDs;

d) b-blockers

127. 
     The time interval when active therapy can effectively slow down the progression of joint damage (so-called "window of opportunity") for rheumatoid arthritis are as follows:
     

a) several hours to 2 days

b) from a few days up to 2 weeks

c) from several weeks to two months

d) from several months to 2 years

127. 
     Select the "basic" drug in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis:
     

a) benzylpenicillin

b) Biseptol (septran)

c) methotrexate

d) chondroitin sulfate

127. 
     The initial dose of methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis:
     

a) 10 mg daily

b) 10 mg per week

c) 10 mg per month

d) 10 mg of a year

127. 
     Spa and maintenance dose of methotrexate in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis is:
     

a) 15-25 mg per day

b) 15-25 mg per week

c) 15-25 mg per month

d) 15-25 mg per year

127. 
             Systemic lupus erythematosus is more common in:
     

a) boys and young men

b) girls and young women

c) older men

d) elderly women

127. 
     What is the natural factor can exacerbate SLE:
     

a) solar radiation

b) the fog

c) magnetic storms

d) high humidity

127. 
     The specific type of skin lesions in SLE is:
     

a) vitiligo

b) hyperpigmentation

c) periorbital edema

d) erythematous skin rashes on the face of the type "butterfly"

127. 
     Photosensitivity (increased skin sensitivity to sunlight) - is a particular feature:
     

a) rheumatoid arthritis

b) osteoarthritis

c) ankylosing spondylitis

d) systemic lupus erythematosus

127. 
     For systemic lupus erythematosus is characterized by joint damage in the form of:
     

a) arthritis of large joints

b) arthrosis of large joints

c) unstable and non-progressive arthritis of small joints of the hands and feet

d) persistent and progressive arthritis of small joints of the hands and feet

127. 
     For systemic lupus erythematosus most characteristic form of kidney damage is:
     

a) pyelonephritis

b) amyloidosis

c) hematuric version of glomerulonephritis

d) nephrotic embodiment glomerulonephritis

127. 
     What is the most typical laboratory signs of systemic lupus erythematosus:
     

a) antibodies to DNA

b) HLAB27

c) rheumatoid factor

d) hyperuricemia

127. 
     The young woman in a blood test found high levels of antibodies to DNA. What disease is characterized by:
     

a) rheumatoid arthritis

b) systemic lupus erythematosus

c) osteoarthritis

d) ankylosing spondylitis

127. 
     Protective factors of the gastrum are:
     

a) Bicorbonate ions, prostaglandins, mucins.

b) G celis, gastrin, and khereas.

c) Oxytacin, chrelin.

d) Proton pomp.

127. 
     Function of the small intestine are:
     

a) digestion, absorption, immune regulation

b) bloodsecretion, excretory

c) histamine secretion

d) acid secretion.

127. 
     Indications gastrointestional endoccopy:
     

a) Acute or chronic gastrointestinal bleeding

b) Severe shock

c) Myocardial infarction.

d) Angina

127. 
     Contraindications upper gastrointestinal endoscopy:
     

a) Vomiting

b) weight loss

c) dysphasia

d) cardiac arrhythmia.

127. 
     Indications for colonoscopy:
     

a) suspected inflammatory bowel disease.

b) Acute severe ulcerative colitis.

c) As for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

d) Acute asthma

127. 
     Complications of colonoscopy:
     

a) cordiomegalia

b) COPD

c) perforation, Bleeding.

d) diarrhea

127. 
     Couses of dyspepsia:
     

a) upper gastrointestinal disorders.

b) cardiomegalia.

c) renal disease.

d)respiratory disease

127. 
     Couses of abdominal pain:
     

a) inflammation, obstruction.

b) renal failure.

c) endocrine disease.

d) cardiovascular disease.

127. 
     Side effects of H.pylory eradication therapy:
     

a) diarrhea, flushing

b) Headache.

c) Rush

d) Hyperglycemia

127.