Masterplanning the Adaptive City

168–83, 186–92, 198, 214,  223, 224–34, 238, 267
270–3
computational methodologies 2–3, 26, 51, 75, 87,
92–6, 100, 105–7, 118, 121, 125, 132, 141–151,
168–83, 186–92, 198, 214, 223, 226–34, 238;
computational urbanism xii, xiv, 1, 3, 26–7, 52,
87, 92, 100, 106, 119–21, 141, 144, 150, 168–83,
186–92, 214, 226, 266, 274; and coding 96, 100,
110, 145, 158, 166, 171, 183; and design i, xii, 3,
51–2, 92–6, 105–6, 118–19, 141, 144–5, 147, 150,
168, 196, 214, 223, 228, 231, 267, 271, 273; and
fabrication 51, 188–9, 196, 223, 267; computer
aided design (CAD) xii, 13, 91–2, 125, 168–9,
172, 177, 270; evolutionary computation 60,
91–2, 94, 105–6, 107, 111, 124–5, 135, 142, 170,
172; software 91–2, 94–6, 100, 110, 121, 125,
168, 177, 270; computer science 103, 107, 121
Cuff, D 23–7
Culture 3, 8, 12, 16–7, 28, 36, 57, 60, 62, 65, 90, 93,
128, 142, 144, 168, 1811, 189, 196, 223, 230–1,
235, 266, 268, 270, 273
Customisation 1, 3, 136, 162, 169, 176, 223, 225
Cybernetics 13, 60, 91–3, 103, 105, 142, 182, 224
da Vinci, L 16
Damascus 13
De Landa, M xiii, 16, 88, 91, 97, 100, 103, 113,
150, 172
de Quincy, Quatremère 226, 
demographics 2, 24, 28, 93, 120, 150, 
Descartes 15, 88
Design: and coding 96, 100, 110, 145, 158, 166,
171, 183; and computation i, xii, 3, 51–2, 
92–6, 105–6, 118–19, 141, 144–5, 147, 150, 168,
196, 214, 223, 228, 231, 267, 271, 273; and
masterplanning; xi, xii, 1–3, 13, 17–18, 23–4,
28, 41, 46, 50, 63–4, 68, 71–2, 75–6, 78, 80–4,
87–113, 121–4, 129, 135, 141–51, 153–7, 162,
168–83, 186–92, 194, 198, 205, 209, 214, 
237, 248, 252, 259, 266; algorithmic design
141–2, 145, 150 , 172, 179, 181, 186–7, 191;
methodologies 2–3, 26, 51, 75, 87, 92–6, 100,
105–7, 118, 121, 125, 132, 141–151, 168–83,
186–92, 198, 214, 223, 226–34, 238;
Design Research Lab xiii, 27, 90, 95, 108, 143, 146,
180, 189, 267, 283–6
Detroit 38
Diagram 12, 27, 81, 92, 106, 110, 141–51, 153,
170–7, 198, 209, 227–8, 230, 245–6, 252, 254,
262; and Deleuze, G & Guattari, F 14, 113,
141–2, 148, 172, 227; van Berkel, B & Bos, C
141; Somol, R 141
Dillenberger, B 205–8
DotA 135–8, 204–8, 253–8, 285
Dubai 36–8, 68, 195
Duo, N 135–8, 204–8, 253–8, 285
Eames, C & Eames, R 225
Egypt 8
Environment: and climate 1, 37, 150; and crisis
1–2, 49–52, 54, 61, 65, 76–9,95–6; and ecology
1, 9, 13, 15, 21, 24–5, 33–7, 54–5, 60–3, 65, 71,
76–9, 81–2, 95, 97, 99–102, 104–6, 126–7 136,
173, 175–7, 233–5, 237, 253; and landscape 11,
15, 17, 30–4, 43, 61–5, 71–2, 75–6, 82–5, 98–102,
112, 142, 147, 170–3, 177, 198, 201–2, 234, 237,
241, 245, 248, 253, 268; and performance 1, 3,
8, 13, 15, 20, 33, 49–52, 58, 61, 70, 91, 94–5,
99–100, 103–8, 118, 124, 126, 141–151, 150–1,
156, 173–9, 175–7, 182, 187, 233, 224–7, 246,
269; and pollution 8, 49, 61, 76–9, 126, 150;
and sustainability xi, 24–8, 37, 50, 54, 70, 
75–8, 126–8, 175, 186–7, 233, 259, 268; built
environment 40, 49–50, 70, 122, 129
emergence 3, 8–10, 12, 24–8, 35–6, 47, 75–8,
87–113, 153, 156, 168, 173, 182–3, 186–90, 192,
123–8, 143–5, 147, 173, 178–9, 181, 
engineering 16, 21, 70, 72–3, 75, 190, 
Euphrates River 7
Europe: and industrialization 8–9, 17, 30–36, 118;
and urbanisation 1, 8–9 14–6, 24–6, 28–36, 55,
58, 87, 113, 194, 266, 268
European colonialism 9, 11, 30–1, 34, 37–8, 58, 68,
70, 72, 97
evolution and urbanism 1–3, 7, 9, 13, 15–18, 24, 37,
54, 57, 60, 62, 64–5, 68, 72, 76, 87–92, 99–100,
102, 104, 106–13, 118, 123, 136, 150, 168, 170,
172, 178, 186, 192, 206–7, 266, 273; and Darwin
100, 104; and planning 57, 100, 104
evolutionary computation 60, 91–2, 94, 105–6,
107, 111, 124–5, 135, 142, 170, 172
Fiori, J 40–7, 283
Fordism 1, 105, 118–20, 196, 231, 267
Form: and cities 3, 10–1, 14–6, 20–1, 23, 25–30, 36,
50–2, 55–7, 59, 64, 77, 87–113, 127, 129, 141–51,
154–7, 168–83, 186–92, 227–8, 232, 237; and
generative methodologies 10, 15, 58–59, 62–3,
99, 119–21, 141–51, 172, 175–83, 227–8, 232–3;
form-finding 87, 143–4; formal 25–6, 34, 46, 63,
68, 71, 72, 107, 109, 118, 129, 132, 153–7, 186,
205, 266; formation 24, 26, 62, 64–5, 87–9, 91–2,
102, 110–1, 113, 141, 144, 150, 153–8, 230, 233
Fractals 96, 110
Fraser, J 226, 
Friedman, Y 15, 63
Fuller, B 61, 225
Functionalism 33, 54–5, 62, 82, 88, 105–6, 182, 194,
227, 268–9
Gao, Y 48–52, 135–8, 204–8, 253–8, 285–6
Garnier, T 88
Gaudí, A 87, 144, 
Geddes, P 1, 9, 17, 31
Gehry, F O 176
Gehry Technologies 176, 283
Geometry 12, 107–113, 142, 148, 169, 190, 227
Geographical Information Systems (GIS) 150
Gerber, D J 129, 178, 186–92, 231, 
Globalization 3, 7–13, 148, 196–7; and global
economy 31, 57; and modernisation 57–8, 158,
226; and networks 7–13, ; history of 22, 26
Global Financial Crisis (GFC) xi, 36, 95–7, 230, 269
Go West Policy 56, 224, 228, 231
Gottmann, Jean 1, 9, 
Grid 8, 17, 25, 30, 68, 109, 122, 125, 127, 130, 150,
156, 188, 194–5, 205; and China 26, 30;
Jeffersonian Grid 17, 26; wet-grid 144
292
INDEX

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Groundlab 82–4, 237–240, 287
Group8 205–8, 287
Hadid, Z 122–3, 129–131, 187–91, 270, 283, 289
Harvard Project on the City 1, 8, 55, 189
Haussmann, G-E 17, 70
Hight, C xiii, 94, 113
Hilbersheimer L 17, 33, 62, 
Holland, John 178
Hong Kong xiii, xiv, 27, 29, 56, 59, 68–74, 75–79,
89, 92, 158–164, 165–6, 195, 214–9, 253–65, 268,
270
Howard, E 18, 33, 88; Garden City Movement 33,
88; settlement unit 33, 58, 78
Industry 9–11, 28, 30–4, 38, 56, 62, 89, 118, 
123, 125–6, 128, 142, 150, 181, 197, 223, 
266, 268; and standardisation 11, 224; and
mechanisation 9, 11, 62; industrial revolution
8–9, 28, 30–4, 123; industrialisation 9–10, 28,
30–4, 38, 89, 118, 150; post-industrial xi, 38,
259, 268
informal urbanism 3, 28, 40–7, 68–74, 87–9, 106,
206, 273
information 3, 8–12, 16, 26, 50, 52–3, 88, 91–3,
95–7, 99–100, 111–3, 120, 122, 124–5, 136,
141–51, 158, 168–973, 176, 179, 182, 197, 214,
227–8, 230, 270–1
innovation 1, 13, 30–1, 41, 60, 65, 78–10, 103, 107,
110, 118, 141, 150, 168–9, 175, 177, 182, 188,
223, 225, 228, 230–3, 273
Instant City 28–9, 34–7, 54, 56, 97, 124 
Intelligence xii, 11–4, 17–8, 52, 77, 87, 91–3, 102–3,
105, 107, 110, 124, 126, 141–7, 169–76, 186,
191–2, 196, 224–5, 270; artificial intelligence
52, 103
interface 7, 16, 94, 106, 123, 141–2, 148, 150–1,
158–60, 181, 198, 205, 269–70
interactivity 13–4, 92, 124, 150, 179, 182, 189, 270
internet 9, 12, 29, 96, 148, 169
Jacobs, J xii, 18, 35, 63, 89, 153–4
James Corner Field Operations 80–1, 287
Jerusalem 13
Johnson, S xiii, 10, 12, 14, 99, 104, 232
Kaisersrot 205–8, 287–8
Kehne, H 82–4, 237–40, 287–8
Kipnis, J xiii, 69, 112–3, 226
Koolhaas, R xiii, 1, 14–5, 35–6, 39, 51, 55–7, 59–60,
63, 79, 156
Koralevic, B 95, 107–8, 176, 233, 
Kuhn, T 94, 186
Kurokawa, K 15
Kwinter, S xiii, 1, 11, 14–5, 33, 37–8, 60, 62, 64,
96–7, 102, 105, 111–2, 142–5, 147, 169, 171 
L’Enfant, P C 88–9
Las Vegas 36, 90, 
Lathouri, M 20–2, 283
Le Corbusier xi, xii, 11, 33–4, 54, 60, 62–4, 88, 154,
156, 181, 224, 235, 267, 269, 271
Lee, C CM 227, 241–4, 289
Lefebvre, H xii, 10 
Liang, S C 29
Liverpool 38
London xii, 31–2, 34, 38, 49, 71, 88, 126, 142
Ma, Y S 248–52, 288
MAD Architects 248–52, 288
Maki, F 59, 63, 
Manchester 10, 31, 34, 38
manufacturing 8, 38, 51, 58, 65, 74, 94, 168, 176–7,
225, 259
Mandelbrot, B 96, 110–1, 
Mars, N 29, 61, 
Marshall, S xiii, 17–8, 61, 63–5, 88, 90, 97, 104,
106–8, 147
Marx, K xii, 16, 
masterplan/masterplanning xi, xii, 1–3, 13, 
17–18, 23–4, 28, 41, 46, 50, 63–4, 68, 71–2, 
75–6, 78, 80–4, 87–113, 121–4, 129, 135, 
141–51, 153–7, 162, 168–83, 186–92, 194, 198,
205, 209, 214, 237, 248, 252, 259, 266; and
emergence 2–3, 87–92, 153–7, 186; and
teleology 1, 3, 18, 23, 64, 75–6, 92–95, 186–92;
and urban change (adaptivity) 1–3, 13, 46,
123–4, 186; conventional masterplanning 1–3,
17–8, 23, 41, 50, 63, 68, 75–6, 121–4, 153, 194;
masterplanner 1, 17–8, 23, 71, 121; techniques
of, 23, 28, 46, 63, 75, 96, 121–2, 141–51; top
down masterplanning xii, 18, 24, 28, 41, 50,
63–4, 78, 87–92, 121
mechanical 7, 11, 14, 32, 62, 89, 105, 169, 195;
mechanical paradigm 7, 11, 62, 105, 118, 195;
mechanical and/vs. biological 14, 169, 195;
mechanisation 11, 14, 32, 118
mediaeval towns 16–7, 25, 87–8
megacity 1, 10–1, 56–7, 60
megalopolis 1, 9
megastructure 59, 156, 
Metabolism 12–3, 15, 63, 91
methodology 1–3, 20, 22–3, 26, 47, 75, 91, 94–6,
110–1, 113, 139–151, 168–83, 188, 198, 214, 224,
235, 237, 266–7, 269, 273
migration 7, 9, 10, 31, 61, 75, 168
military defences 8, 13, 15–7, 28, 148
Mitchell, W 94, 169, 
Modernization 13, 32, 35, 55, 63, 268
Modernism 15, 18, 23, 32, 34–5, 54–5, 57, 59, 62–3,
88–90, 108–9, 113, 118–21, 179, 181, 195, 230,
267–8
morphology 51, 55, 64, 71, 106, 111–2, 120–1, 129,
134, 136, 144, 146, 153–6, 174, 181–2, 206, 209,
212, 227–8, 230, 233
Mumford, L xiii, 7, 9, 13–4, 16–8, 32–5, 58–60, 63,
65, 89, 181, 224, 233, 
nature 7, 9, 12, 14–5, 18, 25, 33, 35, 50–1, 60–2, 65,
70, 77, 87–8, 92, 94–5, 100, 106–13, 173, 175,
178, 226, 248, 273; and/vs. artificial 12,51,
61–2, 70, 92, 95, 175, 226; and the city 7, 14, 25,
33, 35, 65, 70, 100, 173, 248; and mankind 9,
18, 33, 51, 60–1, 88, 273; and technology
15–16, 62, 77, 95; taming of 7, 14, 60–1
Negroponte, N 176
neighborhood unit 16, 33
neolithic 8, 16
293
INDEX

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