Comparison of morphological level of English and Native languages
For full comparison of typological characteristic in category of number we have to find out in which place does this category take in the system of another language.
If we take as an example Russian language, we can easily find its characteristic features- in numerals, in adjectives, pronouns, verbs. Ex. Я беру, ты берешь, вы берете, etc.
In a comparison with Russian language the seme of singularity of English language is presented just with zero morpheme, ex. town, play, etc. However the seme of singularity in Russian language represented by morphemes: -й, ex: сарай, край; -а, -я ex: река; -о,-е ex: окно. But plurality in both languages can be represented with the seme of plurality by adding endings –ы, -и, -а for Russian and –s, -es for English.
In both languages there are a lot of groups that are representatives of the seme of plurality. Some of them are alike in both languages. Ex, ножницы-scissors, брюки-trousers, весы-scales, очки-glasses
In general English plurality model can be divided into 3 variants:
N-N+(e)s ex: cup-cups, assistant-assistants, face-faces, photo-photos
N-N+en ex: ox-oxen, child-children
N-Npl (with the changes of vowels in roots) ex: man-men, foot-feet, mouse-mice, etc.
In Uzbek suffix –lar may represent not only plurality but other meanings as well.
Ex: respect Hamid aka keldilarmi?
Approximate time Soat o‘nlarda kelish kerak.
Besides that it can express the meanings such as superlative, collective, irony and type.
Questions for self-control:
1. What kind of relations does lexical typology have with other types of comparative typology?
2. With what lexical typology can be dealt?
3. How can you define the term “lexicon”?
4. What branches of lexical typology do you know?
Recommended Literatures:
Аракин В.Д. Сравнительная типология английского и русского языков. Ленинград, 1979.
Буранов Ж.Б. Сравнительная типология английского и тюркских языков. М, 1983.
Рождественский Ю.В. Типология слова. М, 1969.
Sh. Rakhmatullaev Hozirgi adabiy o‘zbek tili (darslik). Universitet. T, 2006.
Dostları ilə paylaş: |
