Minutes of the meeting



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CONTENTS:


  1. Social problems

    1. Definition and meaning of social problems

    2. Definition and meaning of social evil

    3. Difference between Social problems & social evil

    4. Importance of its study.

    5. Impact of Social Problems & Development




  1. Crime.

Its causes and Remedies.

  1. Over Population

Its causes, effects and Remedies.

  1. Juvenile Delinquency

Its causes and Remedies.

  1. Illiteracy

Its causes and Remedies.

  1. Poverty,

Its causes, Alleviation of Poverty/Remedies.

  1. Beggary:

Its causes ,consequences, and Remedies.

  1. Unemployment and under employment,

Its causes and Remedies.

  1. Child Labour.

Its causes and Remedies


  1. Drug Addiction

Its causes and Remedies.

  1. Problems related to Agriculture

Its causes and Remedies.

  1. Family Problems

Its causes and Remedies.

  1. Labour Problems

Contemporary Labour Problems, effects and Remedies

  1. Faction and Feuds

Its causes, effects and Remedies

  1. Sectarian Violence

Introduction, meaning, causes and remedies

  1. Slums

Introduction, definition, types, causes and remedies

  1. Role of Social worker in the solutions of social problems


Recommended Books:

1. Anwar Alam, Applied Sociology (Social Problems and Research) Department of Sociology, University of Peshawar, Saif Printing Press, Peshawar Cantt. 2006.

2. Bhatti, Iqbal A. Model English Essays for Competitive Examinations, Lahore: Bhatti Publishers, Urdu Bazar, 1995.

3. Chaudhry. M. Iqbal, Pakistani Society, Lahore: Aziz Publishers, Urdu Bazar, 1985.

4. Eitzen D. Stanley & Mazine Baca Zinn. Social Problems, Boston: Allyn & Bacon, 1996.

5. Eitzen. D. Stanley, Social Problems, 3rd Ed. Boston: Allyn & Bacon, Inc. 1990.

6. Horton, Paul B. & Gerald R. Leslie, The Sociology of Social Problems. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, 1978.

7. Jones, Brian J., Bernard J. Gallaghar, III & Joseph A. McFalls, Jr. Social Problems: Issues, Opinions & Solutions, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1980.

8. Kenneth J. Meubech, Social Problems: A Critical Approach 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill, 1991.

9. Lauer Robert H. Social Problems and the Quality of life, 3rd Ed. Lowa: Wm.C.Brown Publishers, Dubuque, 1986.

10. McVeigh, Frank & Arthur Shostak, Modern Social Problems, New York: Hold, Rinehart & Winston, 1978.

11. Quddus, Syed Abdul, Social Change in Pakistan. Lahore: Progressive Publishers, 1990.

12. Safdar Sarah, Social Work: Theory and its Implication. University of Peshawar, 2007.

13. Safdar Sarah Introduction to Social Work Wahdat Printing Press, Khyber Bazar Peshawar – 1999.

14. Scarpitti, Frank R. Social Problems, New York: Hold, Rinehart & Winston, Inc. 1974.

15. Subihuddin Baqai, Social Problems of Pakistan, Karachi, Kafayat Academy.

16. Gerald Smale. Social Work and Social Problems. Macmillan Press London, 2000

17. A.S Kolhi Poverty Alleviation Housing Problems Annual Publication. New Delhi 1997

18. James M Henslin, Social Problems. Mchrald Hill book company NY 1983

19. Dr. Akmal Hussain Poverty Alleviation in Pakistan. 1994.

20. David Weisburd White-collar Crime and Criminal Careers. Cambridge Press NY 2000

21. Shireen Rehmatullah Social Welfare in Pakistan. Oxford University 2002

22. Abdul Hamed Taga Sociology and Social Problems. Abdul Hameed and Sons publishers Lahore 1998

23. Earl Rubington Martins Weinberg The Study of the Social Problems five Perspective. Oxford University Press 1981

24. Michel Oliver and Bob Sapey Social Work with Disable People. 2nd Edition Macmillan England 1999.

25. Hames M. Henslin Author Lori Ann Fowler (Author) Social Problems 2005, Social Problems By: Leon Guerrero

26. Paul S. Horton, The Sociology of Social Problems. New York prentice Hall 2001, Fahimida Masood 2000

27. Sabihuddin Bagai Social Problems of Pakistan, Karachi Kafayat Academy 2000

28. Kenneth J. Meubech Social Problems: A Critical Approach 3rd edition, Macgraw Hill 1991

29. Mohammad Khlid D. Samaji Behbood, Karachi Lafayat academy, 1995



SOCIAL POLICY AND PLANNING
ObjectiveS:
To enable the students to learn planning concepts, components and determinants of social policy and their importance in social work practice.
Contents:


    1. Social Policy




  1. Definition, meaning, scope nature, concept and principles

  2. Constituents of Social Policy

  3. Objectives of Islamic social policy

  4. Social Legislation as instruments of social policy.

  5. Determinants of social policy

  6. Formulation of social policy; Vision, mission, goal, statements

  7. Objectives of social welfare policy

    1. Affirmation, restoration and consolidation of the dignity integrity and honor of the individual.

    2. Protection and strengthening of the family as the basic unit of society, with particular emphasis on kindness and respect to parents

    3. Ensuring that women enjoy right – legal, social, cultural, economic, educational and political – which Islam has guaranteed to them.

    4. Self reliance, mutual consultation, social cohesion and cooperation in all aspects of national life

  8. Strategy to achieve objectives

  9. Social welfare policy of Pakistan 1994



    1. Welfare Planning




    1. Definition and concept of welfare planning

    2. Interdependence of economic, social and physical planning

    3. Steps of Social Planning (what, why, when, who, where, how)

    4. Organizational and administrative frame work for planning




    1. Seminars on following social policies

1. Education, Health, Labour, Youth, Women, Housing, Forestry, Disabled, Social Welfare, Population, Sanitation and Environment


Recommended Books:

  1. Henry Sheldon, (1950), “Planning for Development” USA. Cambridge press.

  2. Rafiq, S.Z. 2003 Community Development, Concept & Practice Saif printing press, Peshawar.

  3. Stephen P. Robbins. The administrative process, Prentic Hall Inc. Engleword cliff, New Jersey.

  4. Khan, Alfred J. studies in social policy & planning. New York, Russell Sage Foundation.

  5. Morris Rofer, Feasible Planning for Social Change, New York Columbia University

  6. George A Steiner, 1979, strategic planning what every management must know. New York, the free press, IX, P.383.

  7. Harvey Newman etal 1987, self evaluation and planning for human service organizations, publisher AMACOM, ASIN 0814458645

  8. Lakhshmanna, S.P. et al, 1990: Social Action & Social Change, India Ajanta Publications.

  9. William Dermon & Scott White ford, 1985, Social Impact Analysis & Development Planning in the Third World, London Westview Press.

  10. Michael Bamberger & Elearnor Hewitt, 1986, Monitoring & Evaluation Urban Development Programmes. A Hand Book for Programme Managers & Research/BK 0775 World Bank Technical Paper No. 53, Publisher World Bank ASIN 0821307754

  11. Ellen Wratten 1991, Implementation & Monitoring, Lecturer notes: London School of Economics & Political Science, London University, UK.



INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL LEGISLATION
ObjectiveS:
To help the students to understand the role of legislation in forming the basis for existence and functioning of welfare institutions organization
Contents:


  1. Law, definition and concept of social legislation

  2. Importance of Social legislation

  3. Influence of social institutions in shaping social legislation

  4. Social legislation as a source of social change

  5. Sources of Social legislation

  6. Contract act 1872

  7. Muslim family laws ordinance 1961

  8. Islamic law: Importance and Sources of Islamic law

  9. Guardian and ward Act 1890

  10. Employment and rehabilitation of disabled person, ordinance 1981

  11. Vagrancy Ordinance 1958

  12. Social legislation regarding registration and functioning of cbos and ngos

  1. Voluntary social welfare agencies registrations and control ordinance 1961

  2. Trust Act 1892

  3. Societies registration Act 1860

  4. Charitable endowments Act 1890

  5. Companies ordinance 1984 (only relating to non profit organization)

  6. Citizen Community Board 2001 (CCB)


Recommended Books:

1. Report on Handicapped – Children. The Handicapped – child by Social welfare Wing, Ministry of health and Social Welfare, Government of Pakistan, 1980.

2. Arkoff Adjustment and mental health.

3. Social work theory and Practice by: Muhammad Khalid, Kifayat Academy, Urdu Bazar Lahore, 1992.

4. Convention on the Rights of the Child – UNICEF.

5. U.N. Publications on Human Rights, Women Rights, Children Rights, UNHCR.

6. Women Issues After Beijing. A Basic Introduction by Friedrich. E. Bert Stiftung – 1997.

7. Muslim Law and Islamic Jurisprudence, by Nazir Ahmad. Islamia Book Agency, Afghan Market Qissa Khwani – Peshawar.

8. C.P.C. Law Publications. (Civil Procedure Code) Pakistan.

9. Acts Regarding Ombudsman in Pakistan.

10. Passow Education of the disadvantaged.

11. Chapman Visually handicapped Children and young people.

12. Men, Gender Divisions and Welfare, Edited by Jennie Papay, London and New York, 1998.

13. Women and Social Policy. Edited by Clare Ungerson and Mary Kember MacMillan Press, Ltd. London, 1997.

14. Encyclopedia of Seerah, Vol-II, the Muslim Schools Trust, London, 1982.

15. Women Violence and Male Power. Edited by: Marianne Hoster, Open University Press, Buckinghan, Philadelphia, 1997.

16. Law for Social Workers, 7th Edition. High Brayne, Oxford University Press, 2001.

17. Stephen P. Robbins, the Administrative process, prentice Hall Inc Engleword Cliff, New Jersy.

18. Khan, Alfred J. Studies in Social policy an planning, New York, Russell Sage Foundation

19. Qadir, Ali. Policy Advocacy: A Framework for Social Change in Pakistan. An Exploratory Research Study. Pakistan Lead. 1998.

20. Robert L. Barker & Douglas M. Branson: Forensic Social Work Legal Aspects of Professional Practice 2nd Ed. Haworh Press Inch. London, 2000

21. The Law and Social Work Lestey Anne Crllard Jeremy Roche Palgrave Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010




INTRODUCTION TO NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
OBJECTIVES:
The aim of this course is to give knowledge to the students about various national & international social welfare agencies especially to highlight their role in eradiation of socio- economic problems of Pakistani society which are the major barriers in the way of development

CONTENTS:___Introduction'>CONTENTS:


  1. Introduction




    1. Definition, need and importance

    2. Historical Perspective of national and international welfare agencies




  1. Role of the welfare agency




    1. As a planner and implementer of Development programme

    2. In mobilization of local resources and initiatives

    3. Catalyst, enabler and innovator

    4. Mediator of people and government

    5. In poverty alleviation

    6. As an agent of change




  1. Profile of some national & regional welfare agencies




    1. All Pakistan Women Association (APWA)

    2. Edhi Foundation

    3. The citizen Foundation (TCF)

    4. Bunyad Literacy Community Council (BLCC)

    5. Development, Education, Poverty alleviation & population welfare organization (DEPP)

    6. National Rural Support Programme (NSRP)

    7. Agha Khan Rural Support Programme (AKSRP)

    8. Orangi Pilot Project (OPP)

    9. Urban Resource Centre (URC)

    10. Saiban



  1. Profile of Some international Welfare agencies

  2. United National International Children emergency fund (UNICEF)

  3. International Labour Organization( ILO)

  4. world Health Organization (WHO)

  5. United Nation Education, Scientific & Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

  6. United Nation High Commissioner for Refugee (UNHCR)

  7. United Nation Development Programme (UNDP)


Recommended Books

  1. Don, Joanathan P & Tageem, Hidy,. Globalization & NGO's U.S.A: Green Wood Publishing Group, 2000.

  2. Friedlander, Walter A Introduction to Social Work. New Delhi: Prentice- Hall of India (PVT) Limited, New Delhi. 1963.

  3. North, D. Institution, Institutional Change & Economic Performance. London: Cambridge University Press. 1991.

  4. Parsad, Kamta & Masdaan, Devendar,. NGOs & Socio-Economic Development Opportunities. India: Deep & Deep Publication, 2000

  5. Resnick, Hermanand Rino J.Patti,. Change from within. Humanizing Social Welfare Organization. Philadelphia: Ter:nple University. 1980

  6. Skidmore, Rex A, Social Work Administration Dynamics, Management and Human Relationship. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Boston. 1994.

  7. Sustainable Development,. Social Policy. Volume 2, Oxford University. (2000)



HUMAN RIGHTS
OBJECTIVES:
The course is designed to impart knowledge about meaning, scope and importance of human rights in welfare keeping in view our own cultural setup
CONTENTS:


  1. Theories of Human Rights

    1. Theory of natural rights

    2. Legal theory of rights

    3. Moral and legal rights

  2. The legal and moral foundations of human rights in Islamic and international law

  3. Concept of justice in Islam

    1. Protection of minorities in Islam Islamic charter and declaration.

    2. The official basis of democracy and human rights in Islam

  4. Human rights and cultural relation the sources and significance of human rights, moral diversity, religion and ideology


  1. Rights of the people under international law

    1. The rights to development

    2. Rights to conflict and harmony

  2. The world institutions and human rights: the league of nations and united nations, human rights convention

  3. Human rights of the refugees and immigrant law

  4. Human rights and politics

  5. The code of ethics of human rights


Recommended Books:

1. Ezejiofor, Gaive, Protection of Human Rights under the Law. London: Butterworths, 1964.

2. Kazmi, Fareed, Human Rights – Myth and Reality. Delhi: International Pub. House, 1987

3. Vincent, R.J., Human Rights and International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988.

4. Adamantia Pollis & Peter Schwab: Human Rights New perspectives, New Realities Viva Books Private Limited, New Delhi, 2002.

5. Judith A. Lewis, Michael D. Lewis, et.al. Management of Human Service Programs (3rd Edition) Wadsworth/Thomson Learning 10 Davis Drive Belmont, Australia, 2001.

6. Barbara Schram Botty Reid Mandell, Human Services (Third Edition), Allyn & Bacon A. Viacom Company 160 Gould Street Needham heights, MA 02194

7. Joseph J. Mehr, Human Services (7th Edition), Allyn & Bacon A. Viacom Company 160 Gould Street Needham heights, MA 02194

8. Shahidur. R. Khandker: Fighting Poverty with Micro Credit (1999)

9. Nazarul Islam, Addressing the Urban Poverty Agenda in Bangla Desh (First Published 1997).

10. Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, State of Human Rights in Pakistan (1994-2000)

11. Brownlie, Ian (ed.) Human Rights in the 21st Century

12. Davis, Peter (ed) Human Rights London, 1997

13. Khutba-e-Hijja-tul-Wida



SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
OBJECTIVES:

The course is designed to impart knowledge meaning, scope and importance of social development.


CONTENTS:

  1. Definition and Meaning of social development

  2. Themes of social development

  3. Principles and goals of social development

  4. Phases of social development

  5. Concept and measurement of social development

  6. Theories of social development:

  1. Theory of modernization

  2. Theory of dependency

  3. Theory of globalization

  1. Bridging the gap between theory and practice

  2. Stakeholders of social development

  3. Factors promoting social development

  4. Factors that hinder social development

  5. Importance of sustainability in social development


Recommended Books:

  1. Ali Izetbegonic Alija, 1984-1994, Islam Between East & West, Printed in USA, 3rd Edition, p.170.

  2. Arthur Dunham, 1958, Community Welfare Organization Principles & Techniques (Practices). Thomas Y. Crowell Company, New York, p.14.

  3. Arthur Dunham, 1960, Community Development, p.p.178-186, in Social Work Year Book, Edited by Russell H. Kurtz, New York, National Association of Social Workers.

  4. Con Moser, 1989, Community participation in Urban Projects in the Third World, Progress In Planning, Vol: 32, part-2.

  5. Dan. A. Pehekki, 1979, Community Development Theory and Methods of Planned change, Calcutta, Kanpur, Vikas Publishers, Pvt. Ltd., India.

  6. David L. Sills, 1968, International Encyclopaedia of Social Sciences, The Macmillan Company and the free Press, USA, 3rd Edition.

  7. David W. Minar & Greer Scot, 1969, The Concept of Community Reading with Interpretations, Aldine Publishing Company, Chicago, Pp-ixm 140.

  8. Ghulam Shabir Tunio, Faculty (Member), Naznin Shad Faculty Member, Zafar Jamal (Research Associate), Report on Devolution of power and responsibility District Government, PARD. Peshawar.

  9. Hillary A. George, June 20, 1955, Definitions of Community, Areas of Agreement, Rural Sociology, U.S.A.

  10. Imdad Ali Khan, Abdur Rashid, Abdul Aziz Awan, Jan. 1988, Participative Management for Rural Development, Published by PARD.

  11. Irwil T. Sanders, 1953, Making Good Communities Better, Lexington, University of Kenturcky Press.

  12. K. M. Bhatti, 1995, Sustainable Rural Development coordinated Approach, Published by PARD, Peshawar.

  13. Lane E. Hold Croft, 1984, “The Rise And Fall of Community Development”, 1950-65, in C.K. Excher & JM Staag(eds), Agricultural Development: in the Third World. Pp. 46-56.

  14. Mezirow Jack D. 1963, Dynamics of C.D Published by Scare Crow Press, New York.

  15. Mohammad Iqbal Chaudhry, 2000, Pakistani Society, Published by Kifayat Academy, Karachi,

  16. Mohammad Khalid, 2004, Social Work Theory & Practice, Published by Kifayat Academy, Karachi,

  17. Popular Oxford English Dictionary, Lahore Oriental Book Society.

  18. Prof. Abdul Hameed Taga, 1999, Sociology & Problems, Abdul Hameed & Sons Publishers, Lahore,

  19. Prof. Abdul Hameed, 1998, An Introduction to Sociology, p.110.

  20. Prof: Dr. S. Zari Rafiq, 2000, Community Development, Principles & Techniques, Peshawar, Saif Printing Press, Peshawar.

  21. Rafiq, Zari 2006, Community Development, Concepts and Practices, Peshawar, Saif Printing Press, Peshawar.

22. S. Hayat Roomi, 1997, Training Manual Training of Trainers, National Rural Support Programme.

DETAILS OF MAJOR COURSES
SOCIAL CASE WORK
OBJECTIVES:
The purpose of this course is to help students understand the basic methods of social and the application of social case work as a method of helping individuals. Part-I of this course focus on the socio-psychological and cultural understanding of the individual in a society and Part-II of this course will help to understand social case work as a process. Basically this course is:

  1. To give the students background knowledge about human behavior and the bio-psycho-social dynamics that influence it.

  2. To give insight about the concept of normal and abnormal human development.

  3. To give knowledge about personality and the views of different psychologists.

  4. To develop empathetic approach for effective rapport development with client in problem understanding, diagnosis and solution.


CONTENTS:
Social Case Work

  1. Definition and description of Social Case Work.

  2. Basic concepts in Social Work and the general principles of practice.

  3. Components of Social Case Work; Person; Problem; Place, Process; and Professional representative

  4. Social Case Work as problems solving process: Social study; Diagnosis; Treatment

  5. Identification of Social, Economic and behavioural factors influencing the client.

  6. Management of worker-client relationship.

  7. Techniques of Social Case Work Process

  8. Counseling: Definition, Meaning and Techniques.

  9. Interviewing and communication.

    1. Definition and scope.

    2. Social context of the interview.

    3. Interviewing techniques.

    4. Essential conditions.

  10. Recording in Social Case Work, types of recording, essential of recording.

  11. Case histories: Importance, contents, techniques leading to follow up and rehabilitation plans

  12. Trends and Issues in Case Work in Pakistan



Recommended Books:

1. Apterar, Herbert, Basic Concepts in Social Case Work, Chapel Hil University of North Carolina Press.

2. Beulah R. Compton & Burt Galaway, “Social Work Processes” 1994 by Wadsworth, Inc., Belmont, California, U.S.A.

3. Bob Pease and Jan Fook, “Transforming Social Work Practice”, 1999. Routledge, London & New York.

4. Chris L. Clark, “Social Work Ethics: Politics, Principles and Practice”, 2000. PALGRAVE, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010.

5. Crispin P. Cross, Interviewing and Communication in Social Work.

6. David L. Decker, “Social Gerontology”, 1980. Little Brown & Press Company, Boston, Toronto.

7. Fridlender M. Der, Concepts and Methods of Social Work Prentice-Hall, N. W. Jersey.

8. Garett, Anneto, Interviewing, Principles and Practice. Family Wolaro Association of America.

9. Hamilton, Gordon, Principles of case, Recording, New York, Columbia University Press.

10. Hamilton, Gordon, Theory and Practice of Social Case Work, Columbia University Press.

11. Janet Seden, “Counselling Skills in Social Work Practice”, 1999. Open University Press, Buckingham. Philadelphia.

12. Katy Cigno and Diana Bourn, “Cognitive-behavioural Social Work in Practice”, 1998. By Ashgate Publishing Limited Gower House, Craft Road, Aldershot, Hants GU11 3HR, England.

13. Kieran O’Hagan, “Competence in Social Work Practice”, 1996, by Jessica Kingsley Publishers Ltd. London N1 9JB, England.

14. M. Khalid, “Social Work: Theory and Practice” (Kifayat Academy Lahore, 2004).

15. Malcolm Payne, “Modern Social Work Theory”, 1997. By Macmillan Press, Ltd. London.

16. Marianne Hester, Liz Kelly and Jill Radford, “Women, Violence and Male Power”, 1996. Open University Press, Buckingham. Philadelphia.

17. Perlmen, Helen, Social Case Work, A problem solving ProcessChicago, The University of Chicago Press.

18. Richard, Mary, E., Social Diagnosis, New York: Russell Foundation.

19. Robert Adams, Lena Dominelli and Malcolm Payne, “Social Work, Themes, Issues and Critical Debates”, 1998, PALGRAVE, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010.

20. Safdar Sarah, Social Work: Theory and its Implication. University of Peshawar, 2009.

21. Safdar. Sarah, “Introduction to Social Work” Wahdat Printing Press, Khyber Bazar, Peshawar. 2009.

22. Steven M. Shardlow and Mark Doel, “Learning to Practise Social Work”, 2002, Jessica Kingsley Publishers Ltd, 116 Pentonville Road, London.

23. Times Cel., The Language of Social Case Work, London Poutledge and Kegan Paul.



24. Veronica Coulshed and Joan Orme, “Social Work Practice, An Introduction”, 1988, 1991, 1998. By Macmillan Press Ltd. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, London.

SOCIAL GROUP WORK
OBJECTIVES:

  1. To help the students understand workers group relationship and dynamics of group life and use the knowledge in directing group interactions.

  2. To help the students understand the techniques and skills for meeting individual and group needs and apply their knowledge in real group situations doing their field work.


CONTENTS:

  1. Definition, characteristics and objective of group work.

  2. Types of Social groups.

  3. History, Nature, aims and goals.

  4. Need and importance of social group work.

  5. Group life in Islam, Family Group, Religious Group, School and Community as Inter Group.

  6. Group formation and various stages of group development.

  7. Functions of Social Group Work: (Preventive, Curative, Rehabilitative educational) Social Learning theories.

  8. Theories, Principles and processes of Social Group Work.

  9. Group Work Process (Diagnosis treatment and evaluation plan in Social Group Work).

  10. Programme planning in social group work. Elements and techniques of programme planning. Role of Social Worker in programme planning.

  11. Social Group Work agencies and group work practice within various fields and settings, institution for children, aged, prisoners delinquents, medical and psychiatric settings.

  12. Social Group Worker, Role and Functions.

  13. Recording in Social Group Work.

  14. Leadership in Group Work.

  15. Issues and trends in Social Group Work in Pakistan.


Recommended Books:

  1. Balgopal, Pallassana R. & Thomas V. Vassil “Groups in Social Work: An Ecological Perspective” New York: McMillan Publishing Co., Inc. 1983.

  2. Davies Dernard, “The use of Groups in Social Work Practice” London: Routledge and Kegan paul Publishers, 1975.

  3. Douglas Tom, “Group Work Practice” Cambridge: Tavistocle Publications, 1976.

  4. Garvin, Charles D. “Contemporary Group Work”, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs. 1981.

  5. Gouran, Dennis S. “The Process of Group Decision – Making” New York: Harper and Row, Publishers, 1974.

  6. Mc Caughan Nano, “Group Work learning and Practice” London: George Allen & Unwin, Publishers, Ltd. 1978.

  7. Mc Cullough M. K. & P.J. Ely, “Social Work with Groups”, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Publishers.


COMMUNITY ORGANIZATION AND DEVELOPMENT

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