The anthropocentric paradigm is the last and modern scientific paradigm where the
problem of human in language and language in ahuman being is analyzed, i.e.
interrelation of human and language becomes the main object of linguistic
researches. This paradigm appeared in the 30s of
the XXth century with the
linguistic works of American philosophers and linguists, and a number of great
linguists all over the world developed it.List of areas are developing in the
anthropocentric paradigm of the modern linguistics such as pragmatics,
sociolinguistics, ethnolinguistics, psycholinguistics,
linguistic anthropologyand
cognitive linguistics, linguistic culturology and gender linguistics are considered
the urgent directions of it. Cognitive linguistics investigates language as
amechanism of transformation and codification of it. The aim of this linguistics
covers the cognition of the world from one's point of view and ways of appearing
of receiving processes, categorization, and classification of it.
According
to a number of specialists, cognitive linguistics and linguaculturology
are progressing in the frame of the collection of single general cognitive sciences
[Kubryakova, 1994, 37-47]. The term of “Cognitive science” includes learning
processes jointly, receiving them and reworking,
saving and using, organizing
thestructure of knowledge and collection, furthermore, it arranges collection of a
certain scientific thought which is joint for forming the
mental activity of these
structures. Cognitive science is closely connected with mathematics, logic,
philosophy, anthropology, and linguistics.
Linguaculturology is a complex scientific science direction appeared on the basis
of inter reaction of linguistics and culturology. This direction investigates
interconnection between culture and language and researches the language as a
phenomenon of culture. It shows the observation of the
world in the certain view
by the cultural prism and by a certain nation’s mind and culture.
It is known that the first researches on gender started to be investigated in western
humanitarian sciences. The reason of appearing them was the new views of
investigations of the problems of intelligence, philosophy of science and
philosophy of society.
Specifically, such anchor domains in modern linguistic research as
communication,
interaction, culture, habitus, cybernetics, culture, and cognition
can be considered as a target of comparative typology.
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