Preface to the lecture, 1

 

 

 

Regulations of

called EMEC

know how of

the German Post

 

thirties: radio

druids

Office since 1992:

 

operator disease

 

magic

 

EMC-law

 

today. E-Smog,

esoteric

from 1996:

 

HF-, SW-therapy

medicine

EU -regulation

 

diathermy, etc.

 

biology

 

Fig. 2.1: Overview concerning environmental compatibility

 

:       E. Habiger: EMV-ubergreifende Aspekte zu benachbarten Problemfeldern,

 

Elektrie 48 (1994), Heft 5/6, Seite 163-161 

:      EMVG: Gesetz uber die elektromagnetische Vertraglichkeit von Geraten,

 

Bundesgesetzblatt Teil I vom 9.11.1992, S. 1864

 

10

 

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Tasks 11 

2. Tasks 

2.1 Tasks of the electromagnetic environmental compatibility 

The environmental compatibility (EC) forms the generalization that includes both the

 

electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and the biological compatibility (BC). Besides the

 

technical and functional goals of an undisturbed functional course it also pursues ethical

 

and moral goals.

 

Technology should benefit to humanity and at the same time be in accord with nature.

 

This goal will not be reached when this technology directly or indirectly is endangering

 

humanity.

 

A direct attack on the health of people poses for instance the military usage of technical

 

apparatus or the negligent usage, by pretended ignorance and unsuspicion.

 

Is a technology posing a danger to the environment so humanity endangers itself indirectly

 

with this technology. After all are human beings a product of their environment. We

 

always should reckon on the environmental sins taking revenge on us sooner or later.

 

In fig. 2.1 a formal definition is given that in particular concerns the claims for an 

undisturbed functional course: it concerns the compatibility aspects of unallowed emitted 

and irradiated interference radiations, the reliability and quality safety with which a 

function and task is fulfilled and finally the questions of the protection of health and the 

safety at work.

 

Moreover fig. 2.1 provides an overview and the structure of the 2nd chapter. First we'll

 

treat the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) that first of all deals with the influence of

 

artificial but also natural interference sources on technical apparatus.

 

After that we'll throw a glance at the  appearing  fields in nature. The biological

 

compatibility (BC) deals with the influence on biological systems.

 

An especially sensitive area of the environmental compatibility (EC) than describes the

 

with a cross-link hinted influence of artificial interference sources on biological systems

 

that is popularly described as ,,electro smog".

 

The numerous aspects of the environmental compatibility for instance in the areas of 

chemistry and biology that certainly are important, but do not fall in the area of 

electromagnetism, can't be treated in the here marked framework.

 

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12

 

Tasks of the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

 

 

Fig. 2.2:   Classes of limits according to VDE 0871

 

(since 1-1-96: VDE 0875)

 

:   Anton   Kohling:   Grundlagen   der   Funkentstorung   in   der   Bundesrepublik 

Deutschland, etz Bd. 108 (1987), Heft 10.

 

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Tasks 

13

 

2.2 Tasks of the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)

 

First of all the EMC (electromagnetic compatibility) is concerned with the function of 

technical apparatus. Correspondingly rational and dry sounds the official definition: 

"electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) describes the ability of an electrical setting-up (i.e. 

of a construction element, of a construction group, of an apparatus or of an installation) to 

function in an electromagnetic environment without stressing this environment by 

electromagnetic effects in an unallowed fashion ".

 

Actually it concerns an old need for protection that should be as old as the usage of electro 

technical apparatus. But in the beginning no one cared about it. The spark gaps with which 

Heinrich Hertz 1888 in Karlsruhe has carried out the first radio technical experiments 

were genuine ,,polluters", that would have been detectible at several hundreds of 

kilometres distance with modern receivers. For these installations that he had assembled in 

the lecture room with his students, today he would hardly get a permission of operation 

and the since 1996 required declaration of conformity he would get not at all.

 

1925, as in Germany the number of radio listeners had exceeded the limit of one million, 

for the first time a need for protection appears in the certificate of approval for radio 

receivers: "The public telegraphs and telephone installations must not be disturbed by the 

radio receiver".

 

Later on every backside of the good old steam radios there was found the following hint 

(translated): "This apparatus meets the interference radiation regulations of the German 

Post Office". So the manufacturers were urged to measure the emission of their apparatus 

and in particular to screen the HF-oscillators in the superhet-receivers.

 

Since the fifties, in the VDE-institute EMC-examinations in the present day sense are 

taken. The main point of the measurements and the by the VDE recommended limits, 

however is about interferences bound to a circuit. On the supply lines of the network the 

prevailing conditions are reproducible so that standards can be put through (Fig. 2.2).

 

For measurements of interference radiation maybe the time was not ripe enough or the 

necessity was not big enough. The usual argumentation was: what we can't measure 

reproducibly, can not be forbidden and certainly not be put under punishment. Therefore 

merely recommendations were issued or impositions weak as wax were made like: "the 

interference field strength ... must be so small that an undisturbed reception is guaranteed 

as soon as the minimum field strength for utilization exists at the place where the antenna 

is mounted"

.

 

In common parlance that means something like: "as long as no one bleats, everything is 

allowed". Within a connected industrial area there even existed an officially legitimized 

fools freedom. Merely at the fence of the industrial area limits had to be fulfilled.

 

Specially for the line-frequency of the screen one has decided to build a loophole in the 

law so that one didn't have to throw the TV sets, that so successfully had conquered the 

living rooms, out of the window. Of course the flickering screens did interfere exactly as 

before but this EMC-interference now was officially approved.

 

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