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Yüklə 99,49 Kb. səhifə 4/4 tarix 17.12.2023 ölçüsü 99,49 Kb. #149914

past simple

Bu səhifədəki naviqasiya:

• 1. If the verb ends with ‘-e ‘, we add ‘ –d ‘.
• 2. If the verb ends with consonant + vowel + consonant, we double the final consonant and add ‘ –ed ‘.
• Present Past
• 3. If the verb ends with W, X or when the final syllable is not emphasized, We do not double the final consonant and add ‘–ed’.
• 4. If the verb ends with two vowels + a consonant, we do not double the final consonant and add ‘–ed’.
• 5. If a two-syllable verb ends with consonant + vowel + consonant, we do not double the final consonant when the stress is on the first syllable and add ‘–ed’.
• 6. If the verb ends with consonant + vowel + ‘-l’ , we normally double the final ‘ –l ‘ and add ‘-ed’.
• Present Past (UK) Past (US)
• 7. If the verb ends with two consonants, we do not double the final consonant add ‘-ed’.
• 8)If the verb ends with a consonant + ‘-y’ , we throw the final ‘ –y‘ and add ‘-ied’ at the end of the verb.
• 9. If the verb ends with a vowel + ‘-y’ , we throw the final ‘ –y‘ and add ‘-ed’ at the end of the verb, not ‘ied’.
• IRREGULAR VERBS: As you can guess from the name of irregular verbs
• Use and meaning of the past simple tense Completed action in the past
• Series of completed actions
• When clauses with the past simple

Present
Past
answer	answered
accept	accepted
boil	boiled
stay	stayed
play	played
add	added
rain	rained
need	needed

However there are some exceptions to the rule. These are stated below.

1. If the verb ends with ‘-e ‘, we add ‘ –d ‘.
Examples:

Present	Past
Move	moved
Dance	danced
Use	used

2. If the verb ends with consonant + vowel + consonant, we double the final consonant and add ‘ –ed ‘.
Examples:

Present	Past
plan	planned
stop	stopped
prefer	preferred

3. If the verb ends with W, X or when the final syllable is not emphasized, We do not double the final consonant and add ‘–ed’.
Examples:

Present	Past
Show	showed
Fix	fixed
Allow	allowed

4. If the verb ends with two vowels + a consonant, we do not double the final consonant and add ‘–ed’.
Examples:

Present	Past
Rain	rained
Need	needed
Wait	waited

5. If a two-syllable verb ends with consonant + vowel + consonant, we do not double the final consonant when the stress is on the first syllable and add ‘–ed’.
Examples:

Present	Past
suffer	suffered
offer	offered
happen	happened

6. If the verb ends with consonant + vowel + ‘-l’ , we normally double the final ‘ –l ‘ and add ‘-ed’.
However, in the United States (US) they do not double the ‘-l’ when the accent is on the first syllable.
Examples:

Present	Past (UK)	Past (US)
travel	travelled ( UK )	traveled ( US )
marvel	marvelled ( UK )	marveled ( US )

7. If the verb ends with two consonants, we do not double the final consonant add ‘-ed’.
Examples:

Present	Past
Help	helped
Add	added
Warn	warned

8)If the verb ends with a consonant + ‘-y’ , we throw the final ‘ –y‘ and add ‘-ied’ at the end of the verb.
Examples:

Present	Past
Apply	applied
Reply	replied
Carry	carried

9. If the verb ends with a vowel + ‘-y’ , we throw the final ‘ –y‘ and add ‘-ed’ at the end of the verb, not ‘ied’.
Examples:

Present	Past
enjoy	enjoyed
annoy	annoyed
play	played

IRREGULAR VERBS:
As you can guess from the name of irregular verbs, it does not depend on any rules.
Examples:

Present	Past
Become	became
Begin	began
Do	did
Come	came
Take	took
Eat	ate
Find	found
Give	gave

Use and meaning of the past simple tense
Completed action in the past
An action that started and finished at a specific time in the past
Examples:
Last night I watched television.
I played football 3 days ago.
Time expressions used with the past simple
10 minutes ago
4 days ago
3 weeks ago
a month ago
2 years ago
last night
last week
last month
last year
yesterday
Series of completed actions
We use the past simple to list a series of completed actions. We often separate each action with a comma (,). We separate the last action with the word “and”.
Example:
Yesterday I went to London, bought a camera and then took some photographs.
In the above example we used the past simple of the following irregular verbs:
go -> went
buy -> bought
take -> took
Duration in the past
We can use time expressions with the past simple to describe the duration of an action in the past.
“for” + period of time
for three minutes
for two hours
for five days
for a fortnight (“a fortnight” means two weeks)
for two months
Example:
Sarah and David talked for two hours.
“all” + unit of time (in the singular form)
all day
all night
all morning
all afternoon
all evening
“all” followed by a unit of time describes an action whose duration lasts for the whole period of time, from the start of the unit of time until the end.
Note that the unit of time is always in the singular form.
Example:
Mark waited all morning.
This means that Mark started to wait at the beginning of the morning. He stopped waiting at the end of the morning. He waited for the whole of the morning.
When clauses with the past simple
If we have 2 clauses in the past simple, the “when clause” happens BEFORE the main clause (in time)
But we can write the 2 clauses in any order.
For example. Here is a list of 2 actions in the past. 
1)Mark woke up
2)Mark shaved
We can write this in 2 ways:
Mark shaved when he woke up.
or
When Mark woke up, he shaved.
The meaning of both sentences is the same and both sentences are correct.
If we write the “when clause” first, we separate it from the second clause with a comma (,)

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