Social-philosophical aspects of improvement of innovative activity in Uzbekistan. Absobirov Samariddin Kurbanovich

Research methodology.
In this article, in studying the issue of improvement of innovative activity, general scientific methods such as comparative analysis in philosophy, interrelationship, forecasting, systematic approach of research, logical and situational analysis, expert evaluation, questionnaire, observation, grouping, comparison were used, which are the final results, allows to ensure the scientific reliability of conclusions and recommendations.
Analysis and results
Innovative activity refers to the use and commercialization of the results of scientific research and development in order to expand and update the nomenclature of increasing the quality of the produced products or services, improve the technology of their preparation and master them in the future, and effectively realize them in domestic and foreign markets. Innovative activity includes a number of scientific, technological, organizational, financial and commercial activities, which become innovations as a whole.
The main manifestations of innovative activity are as follows:
∙ Preparation and organization of production. It includes the acquisition of production equipment, tools and changes in them, as well as innovations in production and quality control processes, methods and standards necessary for the creation of new technological processes.
∙ Pre-production activities. They include product or technological process modification, retraining of employees in order to use new technology and equipment.
∙ Marketing of new products. It represents the types of activities related to the sale of a new product, such as initial market research, product adaptation to different markets, and advertising company transfer.
∙ Acquiring intangible technology from abroad. They can be in the form of patents, licenses, know-how, trademarks, constructions, models and technological services.
The foundation of innovative activity is scientific and technical activity, which involves the creation, development, distribution and practical application of scientific and technical knowledge in all fields of science and technology. The concept of scientific and technical activity was developed by UNESCO and is an important category of international standards in science and technology statistics.
The following types of activities can be included in innovative activities:
∙ Performing scientific-research, experimental-design or technological work on the creation of a new or improved product, a new or improved technological process intended for use in practice;
∙ Production preparation and technological re-equipment for the release of new or improved products, introduction of new or improved technological processes;
∙ Testing a new or improved product, a new or improved technological process;
∙ Use of a new or improved technological process, production of a new or improved product until the costs are justified;
∙ Activity to move the new product to the market;
∙ Creation and development of innovative infrastructure;
∙ Training, retraining and upgrading of personnel for implementation of innovative activities;
∙ Transfer or purchase ownership of industrial property objects or secret scientific and technical information;
∙ Expertise, advice, information, legal and other on the creation and practical application of a new or improved product, technological process rendering of services.
Decree No. PF-6198 "On improving the state management system for the development of scientific and innovative activities"⁶ adopted by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan on April 1, 2021 and "State policy in the field of science and It is true that the program of measures approved by the Resolution No. PQ-5047 "On measures to further improve state management in innovative development"⁷ has started a new stage of science and innovative development in Uzbekistan.
The first reform in this decree and decision adopted by the President, of course, began with the improvement of the management system.
In order to introduce the management system of scientific and innovative activity in the Republic of Karakalpakstan, regions and Tashkent city, regional innovation infrastructures were developed. As a second step, the activity of innovative funds was launched in order to determine the source of important additional financial resources for innovative activities and thereby create favorable conditions for enterprises and organizations to engage in innovative activities.
The amount of funds allocated by the state to science is being gradually increased, the introduction of new mechanisms of financing in the field of science and innovation, the expansion of the participation of the private sector in the implementation of scientific and innovative projects, these funds stimulate scientific research and innovative development, purchase of scientific-laboratory equipment, materials and components, formation and renewal of scientific-research infrastructure, financial incentives of scientific staff and implementation of other expenses related to innovation activities.⁸ It is also worth mentioning that, abandoning the old system of forming scientific and technical programs, it is necessary to create the necessary conditions for the commercialization and introduction of new developments into production, the implementation of startup projects, the formation of new enterprises with intellectual property participation and the development of rationalization activities. opportunities have been created.
It is very difficult to solve existing problems in various areas of society without science, President Shavkat Mirziyoyev told the UN General Assembly. As he stated in his speech at the 72nd session, "The future of our planet and its well-being depend on how our children grow up to be human beings. Our main task is to create the necessary conditions for young people to show their potential⁹". In order to find a positive solution to the current problems, our country relies first of all on young people who can respond to modern students with intellectual potential. Today, the youth of the world is the largest generation in the history of mankind. This decision and decree adopted by our president is a state and government initiative to create the necessary conditions for young people to show their potential, to provide social support to the young generation, to protect their rights and interests, to involve them in various socially useful works and innovative projects. It is becoming known that it is necessary to develop the cooperation of non-governmental organizations. It is an urgent task to instill in the minds of young people the purposeful use of existing resources, the use of new methods and tools in conducting scientific research, and the feeling of interest and benefit to society in order to achieve the goals set for themselves in the development of innovative thinking. That is why the development of scientific thinking in the minds of our youth is one of the urgent issues facing the state and society. It should be emphasized that today we need to implement measures to expand international cooperation relations in the field of science and innovation and transfer of innovations and technologies.
Training our young scientists in foreign countries on internships, advanced training and doctoral programs, exchange of experience with experts in the field operating in foreign countries, close acquaintance with the research works carried out in foreign countries is a creative and scientific motivation for our young scientists.
Studying the experience of all developed countries is one of the main investments of our country for the development of science and the factor of human thinking in the near and far future. Attracting talented young people to science, strengthening the scientific potential of higher education and scientific research institutions and effectively using them in the innovative development of our country in the future opens the door to wide opportunities. It is known from world experience that, in most cases, non-governmental organizations take the lead in the development and implementation of innovative projects. Realizing that there are great opportunities of network infrastructures for the development of innovative activities, the governments of developed countries support innovations at the level of state policy. Developed foreign countries such as China, Germany, France, Israel, India, and Russia have been developing and implementing innovative development strategies that primarily serve human interests. It is necessary to develop new mechanisms in Uzbekistan as well, to create conditions compatible with the economic freedom, ability, and economic responsibility of each citizen for the future of himself and his family.