Innate Response
|
Humoral Response
|
Cell-Mediated Response
|
How it is initiated: what starts the process?
|
Always on—barriers are present and the cells are circulating. Neutrophils are attracted by signals from infected cells. Histamines are released at the site of damage.
|
Antigen is presented to lymphocytes in lymph nodes. When an antigen binds to a B cell, the cell is activated and divides and differentiates into plasma cells.
|
Antigen-presenting cell binds to the antigen receptor for the T cell which divide and differentiate into T helper cells and cytotoxic T cells
|
Speed of response
|
Immediate, within minutes or hours
|
Slow, may take up to a week
|
Slow, may take up to a week
|
Types of cells involved
|
Dendritic, Mast
Macrophages
Monocytes. Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils, Granulocytes, Natural Killer Cells
|
B cells:
Activated B cells
Plasma cells
Memory B cells
Helper T cells
|
Antigen-presenting cells
Helper T cells
Cytotoxic T cells
Memory T cells
|
Types of protein molecules involved
|
Toll-like receptors
Histamines
Cytokines (interferons)
Complement proteins
|
Antigen
Epitope
Antibodies
B cell antigen receptor
|
T cell receptors
MHC I, MHC II
CD4, CD8, Chemokines, Perforin
|
|
